India continues to make significant progress in its biofuels program, with ethanol blending advancing substantially due to major expansions in production capacity and successful feedstock diversification toward grain-based sources. The country has achieved a notable milestone in renewable energy, reaching its Paris Agreement non-fossil fuel capacity target years ahead of schedule and securing a leading global position. However, the biodiesel program faces considerable challenges from feedstock supply constraints that threaten to derail blending objectives. In the emerging areas space, India is taking important steps with sustainable aviation fuel for international flights and sustainable maritime fuel development, positioning itself as a regional leader in transportation fuel innovation.