Memphis Gynecologist Sentenced to 20 Years in Prison for Adulterating Medical Devices and Health Care Fraud

Memphis, TN - In January of this year, Sanjeev Kumar, 45, was found guilty by a federal jury of 18 counts of adulteration of medical devices, 16 counts of misbranding medical devices, and 6 counts of health care fraud. Today, on July 8, 2026, Kumar was sentenced by Chief United States District Judge Sheryl H. Lipman to 240 months in prison with two years of supervised release. D. Michael Dunavant, United States Attorney for the Western District of Tennessee, announced the sentence.

U.S. Attorney Dunavant said, "This defendant used his medical license to target a vulnerable population of women seeking treatment in extremely personal and intimate procedures. He was motivated by greed, disregarded clear medical risks, and caused significant physical and psychological harm to his victim-patients. No punishment is enough to achieve justice in this horrific case, but we hope that this 20-year sentence will send a strong message of deterrence while holding Kumar accountable for his crimes."

Evidence presented at the trial demonstrated that Kumar was a Mayo-trained gynecologic oncologist who operated Poplar Avenue Clinic, a women's health clinic in Memphis, Tennessee. The hysteroscopy with biopsy is an in-office procedure where a hysteroscope is inserted into the vagina, pushed through the cervix, and into the uterus. A grasper or pipelle is then inserted through the hysteroscope to take a sample of the endometrial lining of the uterus. The procedure is used to diagnose endometrial cancer. The FDA cleared several single use hysteroscopes and graspers, as well as reusable hysteroscopes to complete these procedures. The single use devices were to be used once and then discarded. To correctly disinfect the devices cleared for reprocessing, Kumar had to strictly follow manufacturer instructions.

Kumar routinely failed to subject the reusable devices to vital reprocessing steps between patient use thereby endangering patient safety. The single use devices, even if they had been correctly reprocessed, had to be labeled as such; and Kumar did not label them. Kumar used adulterated medical devices in more than 15,000 hysteroscopy with biopsy procedures on Medicare and Medicaid patients between September of 2019 and April of 2024.

Kumar purchased less than 200 new hysteroscopes and 3 of the 6 single use graspers of a certain type he purchased in 2019 were still in use in the office in April 2024. Thousands of women were subjected to hysteroscopies with biopsy using the dirty devices.

"Today's sentencing demonstrates that healthcare providers who seek to unjustly enrich themselves by using adulterated medical devices on unsuspecting patients will be held accountable to the highest extent of the law," said Special Agent in Charge Juan Berrios, FDA Office of Criminal Investigations, Miami Field Office. "We will continue to investigate and bring to justice providers who put profits over patient safety."

"Today's sentencing underscores the serious harm posed by a physician who repeatedly violated the trust his patients placed in him. By performing thousands of invasive procedures with adulterated devices and billing Medicare and Medicaid for unsafe care, Dr. Kumar put vulnerable women at significant risk while diverting critical taxpayer resources for his own gain," said Kelly Blackmon, Special Agent in Charge with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General. "With our law enforcement partners, we will continue to ensure that those who forsake patient safety for profit are held fully accountable."

Kumar billed more than $41 million for the hysteroscopy with biopsy procedures between September 2019 and April 2024. He netted more than $4.8 million for this procedure from Medicare and Medicaid alone. That amount does not include any hysteroscopy with biopsy procedures performed on patients with private health care insurance.

A separate hearing to determine restitution has been set on October 2, 2026.

"Dr. Kumar put profit ahead of patient safety," said Special Agent in Charge Terence G. Reilly of the FBI Nashville Field Office. "As a physician, he had a duty to protect the health and well-being of the patients who placed their trust in him. Instead, he endangered thousands by reusing single-use medical devices in pursuit of financial gain. This sentence reflects the seriousness of that betrayal and is a victory for patient safety, the integrity of our healthcare system, and the taxpayers who ultimately bear the cost of healthcare fraud. Together with our partners, the FBI will continue to hold accountable fraudsters who choose greed over their patients' health."

"Patients deserve to know they can trust the professionals caring for them," said TBI Director David Rausch. "With today's sentencing, this provider is being held fully accountable for the harm caused by putting his own financial interests ahead of the people he was trusted to care for. I'm proud of the work of our team at TBI and all our partners who helped bring this case to its conclusion. We remain committed to holding individuals accountable when they prey on the very individuals they're supposed to protect."

This case was investigated by the United States Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Inspector General (HHS-OIG), the United States Food and Drug Administration Office of Criminal Investigations (FDA-OCI), the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation (TBI), and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

Assistant United States Attorneys Lynn Crum, Scott Smith, and Sarah Pazar Williams prosecuted the case.

On April 7, the Department of Justice announced the creation of the National Fraud Enforcement Division ("Fraud Division"). The Fraud Division is laser-focused on investigating and prosecuting those who commit fraud against the American people. The Department's work to combat fraud supports President Trump's Task Force to Eliminate Fraud, a whole-of-government effort chaired by Vice President J.D. Vance to eliminate fraud, waste, and abuse within Federal benefit programs.

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