USDA Forecasts US Corn Production Up, Soybean and Cotton Production Down from 2024

WASHINGTON, Sept. 12, 2025 - Corn production is up, while soybean and cotton production is down from 2024, according to the Crop Production report issued today by USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). Corn production is up 13% from last year, forecast at 16.8 billion bushels; soybean growers are expected to decrease their production 2% from 2024, forecast at 4.30 billion bushels; cotton production is down 8% from 2024 at 13.2 million 480-pound bales.

Planted and harvested acreage estimates for corn, cotton, and soybeans were reviewed again this month based on all available data, including the latest certified acreage data from the Farm Service Agency. As a result, area planted to corn is estimated at 98.7 million acres, up from the previous estimate; area planted to soybeans is estimated at 81.1 million acres, up from the previous estimate; and area planted to cotton is estimated at 9.30 million acres, up from the previous estimate.

The average U.S. corn yield is forecast at 186.7 bushels per acre, down 2.1 bushels from last month's forecast, but up 7.4 bushels from last year. NASS forecasts record high yields in Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, South Carolina, South Dakota, Virginia, and Wisconsin. Acres planted to corn, at 98.7 million, are up 9% from 2024. Area to be harvested for grain is forecast at 90.0 million acres, up from last month, and 9% more than was harvested last year. As of Aug. 31, 69% of this year's corn crop was reported in good to excellent condition, 4 percentage points above the same time last year.

Area for soybean harvest is forecast at 80.3 million acres, up from last month, but 7% less than was harvested last year. Planted area for the nation, estimated at 81.1 million acres, is down 7% from last year. Soybean yields are expected to average 53.5 bushels per acre, down from last month's forecast, but up 2.8 bushels from 2024. If realized, the forecasted yields in Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin will be record highs.

NASS forecasts all cotton area to be harvested at 7.37 million acres, up from last month's forecast, but 6% less acres than were harvested last season. Yield is expected to average 861 pounds per harvested acre, down 1 pound from last month's forecast, and down 25 pounds from 2024. Area planted to all cotton is estimated at 9.30 million acres, down 17% from last year.

NASS surveyed more than 7,600 producers across the country and conducted objective yield surveys for corn and soybeans in preparation for this report.

Have a question about the Crop Production report? Join #NASS Agricultural Statistics Board Chair Lance Honig for a live #StatChat @usda_nass on X today at 1:30 p.m. EDT today.

The Crop Production report is published monthly and is available online at nass.usda.gov/Publications.

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NASS is the federal statistical agency responsible for producing official data about U.S. agriculture and is committed to providing timely, accurate and useful statistics in service to U.S. agriculture.

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