Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is intended to provide the reader of the financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of management on the financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and certain other factors that may affect the Company's operating results. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part I, Item I of this Quarterly Report and also with "Risk Factors" included in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. The following information updates the discussion of our financial condition provided in our previous filings and analyzes the changes in the results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.
The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our future plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance, which may affect our future operating results and financial position. The forward-looking statements are dependent upon events, risks and uncertainties that may be outside our control. Actual results and the timing of the events could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, market prices for oil, natural gas and NGLs, production volumes, estimates of proved reserves, capital expenditures, economic, inflationary and competitive conditions, drilling results, regulatory changes and other uncertainties, as well as those factors discussed below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, particularly under "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," all of which are difficult to predict. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed may not occur. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements except as otherwise required by applicable law.
Overview
We are an independent upstream oil and gas company focused on the acquisition, development and production of oil, natural gas and NGL reserves in the Anadarko Basin region of Western Oklahoma, Southern Kansas and the panhandle of Texas.
Within our operating areas, our assets are prospective for multiple formations, most notably the Oswego, Woodford and Mississippian formations. Our experience in the Anadarko Basin and these formations allows us to generate significant cash available for distribution from these low declining assets in a variety of commodity price environments. We also own an extensive portfolio of complementary midstream assets that are integrated with our upstream operations. These assets include gathering systems, processing plants and water infrastructure. Our midstream assets enhance the value of our properties by allowing us to optimize pricing, increase flow assurance and eliminate third-party costs and inefficiencies. In addition, our owned midstream systems generate third-party revenue.
Market Outlook
Our financial results depend on many factors, particularly commodity prices and our ability to find, develop and market our production on economically attractive terms. Commodity prices are affected by many factors outside of our control, including changes in market supply and demand. The oil and natural gas industry is cyclical and commodity prices are highly volatile and we expect continued and increased pricing volatility in the crude oil and natural gas markets. Regional and worldwide economic activity, including any economic downturn or recession that has occurred or may occur in the future, extreme weather conditions and other substantially variable factors, influence market conditions for these products. Between January 1, 2024 and June 30, 2025, NYMEX WTI prices for crude oil ranged from $57.13 to $86.91 per Bbl, and the NYMEX Henry Hub price of natural gas ranged from $1.58 to $4.49 per MMBtu. The war in Ukraine and conflict in the Middle East, uncertainty regarding interest rates, global supply chain disruptions, the potential for significant new tariffs, OPEC+'s decision to increase production in May and July 2025, concerns about a potential economic downturn or recession, and instability in the financial sector have contributed to recent economic and pricing volatility and may continue to impact pricing throughout 2025.
Between 2022 and 2024, the Federal Reserve raised the target range for the federal funds rate in an effort to curb inflation. In September 2024 and November 2024, the Federal Reserve lowered the target range for the federal funds rate to its current range of 4.25% to 4.50% in light of the reduced inflation. In June 2025, inflation, as measured by the consumer price index, was 2.7%. We cannot predict the future inflation rate but to the extent we experience high inflation, we may see cost increases in our operations, including costs for drill rigs, workover rigs, tubulars and other well equipment, as well as increased labor costs. We continue to evaluate actions to mitigate supply chain and inflationary pressures and work closely with other suppliers and contractors to ensure availability of supplies on site, especially fuel, steel and chemical supplies which are critical to many of our operations. However, these mitigation efforts may not succeed or may be insufficient. Further, if we are unable to recover higher costs through higher commodity prices, our current revenue stream,
estimates of future reserves, borrowing base calculations, impairment assessments of oil and natural gas properties, and values of properties in purchase and sale transactions would all be significantly impacted.
How We Evaluate Our Operations
We use a variety of financial and operational metrics to assess the performance of our operations, including the following sources of our revenue, principal components of our cost structure and other financial metrics:
•net production volumes;
•realized prices on the sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs;
•lease operating expense;
•Adjusted EBITDA; and
•cash available for distribution.
Factors Affecting the Comparability of Our Future Results of Operations to Our Historical Results of Operations
Our future results of operations may not be comparable to our historical results of operations for the periods presented, primarily for the reasons described below.
Acquisitions
We have completed four acquisitions since the beginning of 2024. These acquisitions are reflected in our results of operations as of and after the date of completion for each such acquisition. As a result, periods prior to each such acquisition will not contain the results of such acquired assets which will affect the comparability of our results of operations for certain historical periods. We may continue to grow our operations through acquisitions when economical, including by funding such acquisitions under our New Revolving Credit Facility.
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Revenue
The following table provides the components of our revenue, net of transportation and marketing costs, for the periods indicated, as well as each period's respective average realized prices and net production volumes. Some totals and changes throughout the below section may not sum or recalculate due to rounding.
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Three Months Ended June 30,
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Change
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($ in thousands)
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2025
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2024
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Amount
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Percent
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Revenues:
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Oil
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$
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111,053
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$
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150,889
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$
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(39,836)
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(26
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%)
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Natural gas
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68,420
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34,237
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34,183
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100
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%
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Natural gas liquids
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39,939
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46,413
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(6,474)
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(14
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%)
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Total oil, natural gas, and NGL sales
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219,412
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231,539
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(12,127)
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(5
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%)
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Gain (loss) on oil and natural gas derivatives, net
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55,579
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(4,635)
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60,214
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NM(1)
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Midstream revenue
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6,257
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6,441
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(184)
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(3
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%)
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Product sales
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7,269
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6,649
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620
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9
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%
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Total revenues
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$
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288,517
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$
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239,994
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$
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48,523
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20
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%
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Average Sales Price:
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Oil ($/Bbl)
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$
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63.10
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$
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79.27
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$
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(16.17)
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(20
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%)
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Natural gas ($/Mcf)
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$
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2.81
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$
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1.33
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$
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1.48
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111
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%
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NGL ($/Bbl)
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$
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22.41
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$
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23.83
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$
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(1.42)
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(6
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%)
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Total ($/Boe) - before effects of realized derivatives
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$
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28.85
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$
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28.48
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$
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0.37
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1
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%
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Total ($/Boe) - after effects of realized derivatives
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$
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29.77
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$
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27.89
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$
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1.88
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7
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%
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Net Production Volumes:
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Oil (MBbl)
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1,760
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1,903
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(143)
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(8
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%)
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Natural gas (MMcf)
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24,383
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25,675
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(1,292)
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(5
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%)
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NGL (MBbl)
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1,783
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1,947
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(164)
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(8
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%)
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Total (MBoe)
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7,606
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8,130
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(524)
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(6
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%)
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Average daily total volumes (MBoe/d)
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83.59
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89.34
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(5.75)
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(6
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%)
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(1)Not Meaningful
Revenue and Other Operating Income
Oil, natural gas and NGL sales
Revenues from oil, natural gas and NGL sales decreased $12.1 million, or 5% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024. This decrease was primarily related to a 6% production decrease, which resulted in decreased oil, natural gas and NGL sales of $16.4 million. These decreases were offset with an overall increase in the average selling price of our products, which resulted in an increase in oil, natural gas, and NGL sales of $4.2 million.
Oil, natural gas and NGL production
Production decreased 524 MBoe, or 6% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily a result of natural well declines on our producing wells, partially offset with new production on wells completed subsequent to June 30, 2024.
Oil and natural gas derivatives
For the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, we had realized gains on derivative instruments of $7.0 million and unrealized gains of $48.6 million for total gains of $55.6 million. For the three-month period ended June 30, 2024, we had realized losses on derivative instruments of $4.8 million and unrealized gains of $0.1 million for total losses of $4.6 million. The increase in both realized and unrealized gains is primarily from a decrease in oil prices throughout the second quarter.
Midstream revenue
Midstream revenue decreased $0.2 million, or 3% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to lower third-party volumes flowing through our midstream facilities for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024.
Product sales
Product sales increased $0.6 million, or 9% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024. This increase was primarily a result of increases in the average selling price of natural gas. These increases corresponded with the increase in our cost of product sales noted below.
Operating Expenses
The following table summarizes our expenses for the periods indicated and includes a presentation of certain expenses on a per Boe basis, as we use this information to evaluate our performance relative to our peers and to identify and measure trends we believe may require additional analysis:
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Three Months Ended June 30,
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Change
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($ in thousands)
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2025
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2024
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Amount
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Percent
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Operating Expenses:
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Gathering and processing expense
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$
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31,784
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$
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23,831
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$
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7,953
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33
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%
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Lease operating expense
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$
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49,566
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$
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46,497
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$
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3,069
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7
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%
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Production taxes
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$
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10,496
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$
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11,302
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$
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(806)
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(7
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%)
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Midstream operating expense
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$
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3,200
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$
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2,616
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$
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584
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22
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%
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Cost of product sales
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$
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6,274
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$
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5,786
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$
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488
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8
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%
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Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion expense - oil and natural gas
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$
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64,340
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$
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65,819
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$
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(1,479)
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(2
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%)
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Depreciation and amortization expense - other
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$
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2,758
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$
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2,242
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$
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516
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23
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%
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General and administrative
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$
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8,802
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$
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11,418
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$
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(2,616)
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(23
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%)
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Total operating expenses
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$
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177,220
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$
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169,511
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$
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7,709
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5
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%
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Operating Expenses ($/Boe):
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Gathering and processing expense
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$
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4.18
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$
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2.93
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$
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1.25
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43
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%
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Lease operating expense
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$
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6.52
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$
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5.72
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$
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0.80
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14
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%
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Production taxes (% of oil, natural gas and NGL sales)
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4.8
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%
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4.9
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%
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(0.1)
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%
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(2
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%)
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Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion expense - oil and natural gas
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$
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8.46
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$
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8.10
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$
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0.36
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4
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%
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Depreciation and amortization expense - other
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$
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0.36
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$
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0.28
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$
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0.08
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29
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%
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General and administrative
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$
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1.16
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$
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1.40
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$
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(0.24)
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(17
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%)
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Gathering and processing expense
Gathering and processing expense increased $8.0 million, or 33%, and $1.25 per Boe, or 43%, for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024, primarily as a result of higher fuel costs due to higher natural gas prices. Additionally, due to changes in certain purchaser contracts in the second quarter of 2025, certain post-production costs that were previously presented as a reduction to gas revenue are now presented as gathering and processing expense.
Lease operating expense
Lease operating expense increased $3.1 million, or 7% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024, primarily as a result of an increase in company labor and contract services of $2.5 million. Lease operating expenses per Boe increased by $0.80 primarily related to the above noted increases, combined with lower production for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024.
Production taxes
Production taxes decreased $0.8 million, or 7% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024. This decrease was in line with the decrease in oil, natural gas and NGL sales.
Midstream operating expense
Midstream operating expense increased $0.6 million, or 22% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024, primarily as a result of higher gathering operating expense of $0.4 million.
Cost of product sales
Cost of product sales increased $0.5 million, or 8% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024. This increase was primarily a result of the increase in the average selling price of natural gas. These increases were consistent with the increase in product sales noted above.
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion expense - oil and natural gas
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion expense for oil and natural gas properties decreased by $1.5 million, or 2% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024. The decrease is primarily the result of a decrease in production used to calculate depletion.
General and administrative costs
General and administrative costs decreased $2.6 million, or 23% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2024. The decrease is primarily a result of additional cost recovery per the terms of joint operating agreements from acquired wells subsequent to June 30, 2024.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Revenue
The following table provides the components of our revenue, net of transportation and marketing costs, for the periods indicated, as well as each period's respective average realized prices and net production volumes. Some totals and changes throughout the below section may not sum or recalculate due to rounding.
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Six Months Ended June 30,
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Change
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($ in thousands)
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2025
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2024
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Amount
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Percent
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Revenues:
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Oil
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$
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236,064
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$
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295,410
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$
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(59,346)
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(20
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%)
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Natural gas
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151,141
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96,518
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54,623
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57
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%
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Natural gas liquids
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84,933
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94,851
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(9,918)
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(10
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%)
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Total oil, natural gas, and NGL sales
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472,138
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486,779
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(14,641)
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(3
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%)
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Gain (loss) on oil and natural gas derivatives, net
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14,886
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(33,903)
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48,789
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NM(1)
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Midstream revenue
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12,387
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12,660
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(273)
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(2
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%)
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Product sales
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15,874
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13,613
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2,261
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17
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%
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Total revenues
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$
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515,285
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$
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479,149
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$
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36,136
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8
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%
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Average Sales Price:
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Oil ($/Bbl)
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$
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66.93
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$
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78.23
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$
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(11.30)
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(14
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%)
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Natural gas ($/Mcf)
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$
|
3.17
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|
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$
|
1.85
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|
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$
|
1.32
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|
71
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%
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NGL ($/Bbl)
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$
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24.77
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$
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25.32
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$
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(0.55)
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(2
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%)
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Total ($/Boe) - before effects of realized derivatives
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$
|
31.71
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$
|
30.00
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$
|
1.71
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6
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%
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Total ($/Boe) - after effects of realized derivatives
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$
|
32.29
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$
|
29.95
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$
|
2.34
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8
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%
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Net Production Volumes:
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Oil (MBbl)
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3,527
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3,776
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(249)
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(7
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%)
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Natural gas (MMcf)
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47,604
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52,232
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(4,628)
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(9
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%)
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NGL (MBbl)
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3,429
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3,747
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(318)
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(8
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%)
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Total (MBoe)
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14,890
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16,228
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(1,338)
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(8
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%)
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Average daily total volumes (MBoe/d)
|
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82.26
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89.17
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(6.91)
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(8
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%)
|
(1)Not Meaningful
Revenue and Other Operating Income
Oil, natural gas and NGL sales
Revenues from oil, natural gas and NGL sales decreased $14.6 million, or 3% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. This decrease was primarily related to the 8% production decrease, which resulted in decreased oil, natural gas and NGL sales of $39.2 million. These decreases were offset with an overall increase in the average selling price of our products, which resulted in an increase in oil, natural gas, and NGL sales of $24.6 million.
Oil, natural gas and NGL production
Production decreased 1,338 MBoe, or 8% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily a result of natural well declines on our producing wells, partially offset with new production on wells completed subsequent to June 30, 2024.
Oil and natural gas derivatives
For the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, we had realized gains on derivative instruments of $8.7 million and unrealized gains of $6.2 million for total gains of $14.9 million. For the six-month period ended June 30, 2024, we had
realized losses on derivative instruments of $0.8 million and unrealized losses of $33.1 million for total losses of $33.9 million. The increase in both realized and unrealized gains is primarily from a decrease in oil prices throughout the second quarter of 2025.
Midstream revenue
Midstream revenue decreased $0.3 million, or 2% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to lower third-party volumes flowing through our midstream facilities for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024.
Product sales
Product sales increased $2.3 million, or 17% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. This increase was primarily a result of the increase in the average selling price of natural gas. These increases corresponded with the increase in our cost of product sales noted below.
Operating Expenses
The following table summarizes our expenses for the periods indicated and includes a presentation of certain expenses on a per Boe basis, as we use this information to evaluate our performance relative to our peers and to identify and measure trends we believe may require additional analysis:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
|
Change
|
|
($ in thousands)
|
|
2025
|
|
2024
|
|
Amount
|
|
Percent
|
|
Operating Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gathering and processing expense
|
|
$
|
59,945
|
|
|
$
|
55,773
|
|
|
$
|
4,172
|
|
|
7
|
%
|
|
Lease operating expense
|
|
$
|
98,318
|
|
|
$
|
87,257
|
|
|
$
|
11,061
|
|
|
13
|
%
|
|
Production taxes
|
|
$
|
23,270
|
|
|
$
|
24,054
|
|
|
$
|
(784)
|
|
|
(3
|
%)
|
|
Midstream operating expense
|
|
$
|
6,170
|
|
|
$
|
5,175
|
|
|
$
|
995
|
|
|
19
|
%
|
|
Cost of product sales
|
|
$
|
14,261
|
|
|
$
|
11,886
|
|
|
$
|
2,375
|
|
|
20
|
%
|
|
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion expense - oil and natural gas
|
|
$
|
125,525
|
|
|
$
|
131,191
|
|
|
$
|
(5,666)
|
|
|
(4
|
%)
|
|
Depreciation and amortization expense - other
|
|
$
|
5,158
|
|
|
$
|
4,340
|
|
|
$
|
818
|
|
|
19
|
%
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
$
|
19,669
|
|
|
$
|
21,746
|
|
|
$
|
(2,077)
|
|
|
(10
|
%)
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
$
|
352,316
|
|
|
$
|
341,422
|
|
|
$
|
10,894
|
|
|
3
|
%
|
|
Operating Expenses ($/Boe):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gathering and processing expense
|
|
$
|
4.03
|
|
|
$
|
3.44
|
|
|
$
|
0.59
|
|
|
17
|
%
|
|
Lease operating expense
|
|
$
|
6.60
|
|
|
$
|
5.38
|
|
|
$
|
1.22
|
|
|
23
|
%
|
|
Production taxes (% of oil, natural gas and NGL sales)
|
|
4.9
|
%
|
|
4.9
|
%
|
|
-
|
%
|
|
-
|
%
|
|
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion expense - oil and natural gas
|
|
$
|
8.43
|
|
|
$
|
8.08
|
|
|
$
|
0.35
|
|
|
4
|
%
|
|
Depreciation and amortization expense - other
|
|
$
|
0.35
|
|
|
$
|
0.27
|
|
|
$
|
0.08
|
|
|
30
|
%
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
$
|
1.32
|
|
|
$
|
1.34
|
|
|
$
|
(0.02)
|
|
|
(1
|
%)
|
Gathering and processing expense
Gathering and processing expense increased $4.2 million, or 7%, and $0.59 per Boe, or 17%, for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024, primarily as a result of higher fuel costs due to higher natural gas prices. Additionally, due to changes in certain purchaser contracts in the second quarter of 2025, certain post production-costs that were previously presented as a reduction to natural gas revenue are now presented as gathering and processing expense.
Lease operating expense
Lease operating expense increased $11.1 million, or 13% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024, primarily as a result of an increase in company labor and contract services of $4.9 million, higher saltwater disposal related expenses of $3.8 million, and higher compression expenses of $1.3 million. Lease operating expenses per Boe increased by $1.22 primarily related to the above noted increases, combined with lower production for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024.
Production taxes
Production taxes decreased $0.8 million, or 3% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. This decrease was in line with the decrease in oil, natural gas and NGL sales.
Midstream operating expense
Midstream operating expense increased $1.0 million, or 19% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024, primarily as a result of an increase of $0.4 million in both gathering operating expense and plant operating expense.
Cost of product sales
Cost of product sales increased $2.4 million, or 20% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. This increase was primarily a result of the increase in the average selling price of natural gas. These increases were consistent with the increase in product sales noted above.
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion expense - oil and natural gas
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion expense for oil and natural gas properties decreased by $5.7 million, or 4% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. The decrease is primarily the result of a decrease in production used to calculate depletion.
General and administrative costs
General and administrative costs decreased $2.1 million, or 10% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. The decrease is primarily a result of additional cost recovery per the terms of joint operating agreements from acquired wells subsequent to June 30, 2024.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity and capital are cash flows generated by operating activities, borrowings under the New Revolving Credit Facility, and proceeds from the issuance of equity and debt. At June 30, 2025, outstanding borrowings under the New Revolving Credit Facility were $565.0 million with $5.0 million in letters of credit outstanding, and the remaining availability under the New Revolving Credit Facility was $180.0 million at June 30, 2025.
We may need to utilize the public equity or debt markets and bank financings to fund future acquisitions or capital expenditures, but the price at which our common units will trade could be diminished as a result of the limited voting rights of unitholders. We expect to be able to issue additional equity and debt securities from time to time as market conditions allow to facilitate future acquisitions. Our ability to finance our operations, including funding capital expenditures and acquisitions, to meet our indebtedness obligations or to refinance our indebtedness will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. Our ability to generate cash is subject to a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including commodity prices, particularly for oil and natural gas, and our ongoing efforts to manage operating costs and maintenance capital expenditures, as well as general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, weather and other factors.
Our partnership agreement requires us to distribute all of our cash on hand at the end of each quarter, less reserves established by our general partner, which we refer to as "available cash." Our quarterly cash distributions may vary from quarter to quarter as a direct result of variations in the performance of our business, including those caused by fluctuations in commodity prices. Any such variations may be significant, and as a result, we may pay limited or even no cash distributions to our unitholders.
Historically, our business plan has focused on acquiring and then exploiting the development and production of our assets. We spent approximately $115.5 million during the six-month period ended June 30, 2025 on development costs and our budget for 2025 is between $260.0 million and $280.0 million. For purposes of calculating our cash available for distribution, we define development costs as all of our capital expenditures, other than acquisitions. Our development efforts and capital for 2025 is anticipated to focus on a mix of drilling Oswego, Woodford, Red Fork and Mississippian wells.
During the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, we spent approximately $96.7 millionon drilling and completion activities and related equipment and spud 16.1 net wells while bringing online 18.6 net wells, $15.1 millionon remedial workovers and other capital projects, $3.7 millionon midstream and other property and equipment capital projects and $91.3 millionon acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties and other property and equipment.
Our 2025 capital expenditures program is largely discretionary and within our control. We could choose to defer a portion of these planned 2025 capital expenditures depending on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, the success of our drilling activities, prevailing and anticipated prices for oil and natural gas, the availability of necessary equipment, including acid to be used for our acid stimulation completion, infrastructure and capital, the receipt and timing of required regulatory permits and approvals, seasonal conditions, drilling and acquisition costs and the level of participation by other working interest owners. A deferral of planned capital expenditures, particularly with respect to drilling and completing new wells, could result in a reduction in anticipated production and cash flows and reduce our cash available for distribution to unitholders.
On July 9, 2025, we entered into agreements governing the Sabinal Acquisition and the IKAV Acquisition, pursuant to which we agreed to issue an aggregate of 52,348,901 common units as consideration to the Sabinal Sellers and the IKAV Sellers. In connection with the Sabinal Acquisition and the IKAV Acquisition, we may also evaluate additional capital markets transactions; however, there is no guarantee that we will execute a capital markets transaction on favorable terms or at all. Whether or not the Sabinal Acquisition and the IKAV Acquisition close, based on our current oil and natural gas price expectations, we believe our cash flows provided by operating activities and availability under our New Revolving Credit Facility will provide us with the financial flexibility necessary to meet our cash requirements, including normal operating needs, and to pursue our currently planned 2025 development activities. Further, we believe that existing cash and cash equivalents, any positive cash flows from operations and available borrowings under our New Revolving Credit Facility will be sufficient to support working capital, capital expenditures and other cash requirements for at least the next 12 months and, based on our current expectations, for the foreseeable future thereafter.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
2025
|
|
2024
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
$
|
272,660
|
|
|
$
|
260,784
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
$
|
(212,391)
|
|
|
$
|
(85,261)
|
|
|
Net cash used in financing activities
|
|
$
|
(152,268)
|
|
|
$
|
(183,694)
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities increased $11.9 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities is primarily a result of an increase in the average selling price of natural gas, offset with a decrease in production. Additionally, we had an increase in realized gains on derivative instruments of $9.5 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025 primarily from a decrease in oil prices throughout the second quarter of 2025.
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities increased $127.1 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. The increase in net cash used in investing activities is primarily a result of increases in cash used to acquire assets of $100.1 million in the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. This was slightly offset by decreases in capital expenditures on our oil and gas properties and on our other property and equipment of $6.3 million and $3.2 million, respectively, due to decreased drilling
and completion activities in the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024.
Net cash used in financing activities
Net cash used in financing activities decreased $31.4 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. The decrease in net cash used in investing activities is primarily due to an increase in cash provided by borrowings on our credit facilities, net of repayments of $565.0 million, and an increase in cash provided from proceeds from follow-on offerings of $221.1 million. These were partially offset by increases in cash used for repayments of our term loan of $742.5 million, prepayment penalties of $7.7 million and new debt issuance costs of $13.8 million. Additionally, there was a decrease in cash used for distributions to unitholders of $8.9 million in the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the six-month period ended June 30, 2024.
Debt Agreements
New Revolving Credit Facility
On February 27, 2025, the Company entered into the New Revolving Credit Facility, among the Company, the lenders and issuing banks party thereto from time to time and Truist Bank, as the administrative agent and collateral agent.
The New Revolving Credit Facility has (i) an initial borrowing base and elected commitment amount of $750.0 million, with a maximum commitment amount of $2.0 billion subject to borrowing base availability, (ii) a maturity date of February 27, 2029 and (iii) an interest rate equal to, at the Company's election, (a) term SOFR (subject to a 0.10% per annum adjustment) plus a margin ranging from 3.00-4.00% per annum or (b) a base rate plus a margin ranging from 2.00-3.00% per annum, with the margin dependent upon borrowing base utilization at the time of determination. The Company is also required to pay a commitment fee of 0.50% per annum on the daily unused portion of the current aggregate commitments under the New Revolving Credit Facility.
The New Revolving Credit Facility's borrowing base is redetermined semi-annually, in April and October. The New Revolving Credit Facility requires the Company to maintain as of the last day of each fiscal quarter (i) a consolidated total net leverage ratio of less than or equal to 3.00 to 1.00, and (ii) a current ratio of no less than 1.00 to 1.00. In July 2025, the
Company entered into the Letter Agreement pursuant to which the lenders under the New Revolving Credit Facility waived
certain restrictions to permitted payments with respect to certain financial covenants.
The Company used borrowings from the New Revolving Credit Facility, together with cash on hand and proceeds from the February 2025 Offering, to repay the Term Loan Credit Agreement and the Revolving Credit Agreement in full.
We have not guaranteed the debt or obligations of any other party, nor do we have any other arrangements or relationships with other entities that could potentially result in consolidated debt or losses.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
We are a party to firm transportation contracts for the transport of natural gas. We paid approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million in firm transportation contracts for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2025, respectively. As of June 30, 2025, the Company has no material amounts remaining under these agreements. For further information on firm transportation contracts, see Note 10of our consolidated financial statements.
Operating lease obligations
Our operating lease obligations include long-term lease payments for office space, vehicles, equipment related to exploration, development and production activities. We paid approximately $4.0 million and $1.9 million in operating lease payments for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2025, respectively, and expect to pay approximately $17.7 million in operating lease payments through 2029. For further information on our operating lease obligations, see Note 11of our consolidated financial statements.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted EBITDA
We include in this Quarterly Report the supplemental non-GAAP financial performance measure Adjusted EBITDA and provide our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income, our most directly
comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before (1) interest expense, net, (2) depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion, (3) unrealized loss (gain) on derivative instruments, (4) loss on debt extinguishment, (5) equity-based compensation expense and (6) (gain) loss on sale of assets, net.
Adjusted EBITDA is used as a supplemental financial performance measure by our management and by external users of our financial statements, such as industry analysts, investors, lenders, rating agencies and others, to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and our results of operation from period to period and against our peers without regard to financing methods, capital structure or historical cost basis. We exclude the items listed above from net income in arriving at Adjusted EBITDA because these amounts can vary substantially from company to company within our industry depending upon accounting methods and book values of assets, capital structures and the method by which the assets were acquired. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement of our financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income as determined in accordance with GAAP or as indicators of our operating performance. Certain items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant components in understanding and assessing a company's financial performance, such as a company's cost of capital and tax burden, as well as the historic costs of depreciable assets, none of which are reflected in Adjusted EBITDA. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our results will be unaffected by unusual items. Our computations of Adjusted EBITDA may not be identical to other similarly titled measures of other companies.
Cash Available for Distribution
Cash available for distribution is not a measure of net income or net cash flow provided by or used in operating activities as determined by GAAP. Cash available for distribution is a supplemental non-GAAP financial performance measure used by our management and by external users of our financial statements, such as industry analysts, investors, lenders, rating agencies and others, to assess our ability to internally fund our exploration and development activities, pay distributions, and to service or incur additional debt. We define cash available for distribution as net income adjusted for (1) interest expense, net, (2) depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion, (3) unrealized loss (gain) on derivative instruments, (4) loss on debt extinguishment, (5) equity-based compensation expense, (6) (gain) loss on sale of assets, net, (7) cash interest expense, net, (8) development costs and (9) change in accrued realized derivative settlements. Development costs include all of our capital expenditures, other than acquisitions. Cash available for distribution will not reflect changes in working capital balances. Cash available for distribution is not a measurement of our financial performance or liquidity under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income or net cash provided by or used in operating activities as determined in accordance with GAAP or as indicators of our financial performance and liquidity. The GAAP measure most directly comparable to cash available for distribution is net income. Cash available for distribution should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income.
Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA and Cash Available for Distribution to GAAP Financial Measures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
June 30,
|
|
Six Months Ended
June 30,
|
|
($ in thousands)
|
2025
|
|
2024
|
|
2025
|
|
2024
|
|
Net Income Reconciliation to Adjusted EBITDA:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
89,661
|
|
|
$
|
39,516
|
|
|
$
|
105,547
|
|
|
$
|
81,218
|
|
|
Interest expense, net
|
12,097
|
|
|
25,880
|
|
|
29,514
|
|
|
50,952
|
|
|
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion
|
67,098
|
|
|
68,061
|
|
|
130,683
|
|
|
135,531
|
|
|
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments
|
(48,551)
|
|
|
(124)
|
|
|
(6,211)
|
|
|
33,099
|
|
|
Loss on debt extinguishment
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
18,540
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
Equity-based compensation expense
|
2,103
|
|
|
2,300
|
|
|
4,215
|
|
|
3,482
|
|
|
Gain on sale of assets
|
(138)
|
|
|
(298)
|
|
|
(167)
|
|
|
(309)
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA
|
$
|
122,270
|
|
|
$
|
135,335
|
|
|
$
|
282,121
|
|
|
$
|
303,973
|
|
|
Net Income Reconciliation to Cash Available for Distribution:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
89,661
|
|
|
$
|
39,516
|
|
|
$
|
105,547
|
|
|
$
|
81,218
|
|
|
Interest expense, net
|
12,097
|
|
|
25,880
|
|
|
29,514
|
|
|
50,952
|
|
|
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion
|
67,098
|
|
|
68,061
|
|
|
130,683
|
|
|
135,531
|
|
|
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments
|
(48,551)
|
|
|
(124)
|
|
|
(6,211)
|
|
|
33,099
|
|
|
Loss on debt extinguishment
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
18,540
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
Equity-based compensation expense
|
2,103
|
|
|
2,300
|
|
|
4,215
|
|
|
3,482
|
|
|
Gain on sale of assets
|
(138)
|
|
|
(298)
|
|
|
(167)
|
|
|
(309)
|
|
|
Cash interest expense, net
|
(11,151)
|
|
|
(23,654)
|
|
|
(27,151)
|
|
|
(47,458)
|
|
|
Development costs
|
(63,503)
|
|
|
(45,562)
|
|
|
(115,558)
|
|
|
(125,987)
|
|
|
Change in accrued realized derivative settlements
|
(1,634)
|
|
|
1,586
|
|
|
1,146
|
|
|
4,188
|
|
|
Cash available for distribution
|
$
|
45,982
|
|
|
$
|
67,705
|
|
|
$
|
140,558
|
|
|
$
|
134,716
|
|
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our critical accounting policies and estimates are disclosed in Part II, Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" in our Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2024. No modifications have been made during the six months ended June 30, 2025.