Quarterly Report for Quarter Ending March 31, 2026 (Form 10-Q)

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025 and the other information included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. Certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those set forth under "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of the 2025 Form 10-K, and "Item 1A, Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, may cause actual results to differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements appearing in this discussion and analysis.

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

The Company may make forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 with respect to earnings, credit quality, corporate objectives, interest rates and other financial and business matters. Forward-looking statements include estimates and give management's current expectations or forecasts of future events. The Company cautions readers that these forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, including economic conditions; the performance of financial markets and interest rates; legislative and regulatory actions and reforms; competition; as well as other factors, all of which change over time. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) projections of revenues, expenses, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, the payment or nonpayment of dividends, capital structure and other financial items; (ii) statements of plans, objectives and expectations, including those relating to products or services; (iii) statements of future economic performance; and (iv) statements of assumptions underlying such statements. Words such as "believes", "anticipates", "expects", "intends", "targeted", "continue", "remain", "will", "should", "may" and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.

Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in such statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

Actual results may differ materially from forward-looking statements.

SUMMARY

The Company's net income for the first quarter of 2026 was $63.0 million, compared to $56.1 million for the first quarter of 2025. Diluted net income per common share was $1.85 and $1.66 for the first quarter of 2026 and 2025, respectively. The Company's net interest income for the first quarter of 2026 increased to $127.6 million from $115.9 million for the first quarter of 2025. Higher loan volume along with general growth in earning assets were the primary drivers of the change in net interest income. Net interest margin was 3.74% for the first quarter of 2026 compared to 3.70% for the first quarter of 2025. The Company recorded a provision for credit losses of $2.1 million in the first quarter of 2026 compared to $1.6 million for the first quarter of 2025.

Noninterest income for the quarter totaled $51.4 million compared to $49.0 million last year. Trust revenue, services charges on deposits, treasury income, and securities transaction each increased compared to first quarter of 2025 partially offset by a decrease in insurance commissions.

Noninterest expense grew to $96.8 million for the quarter-ended March 31, 2026 compared to $92.2 million in the same quarter in 2025. The increase in noninterest expense was primarily attributable to the growth in salaries and employee benefits of $4.3 million. The total salaries and benefits expenses recorded of $58.9 million for the period ended March 31, 2026 is after a favorable adjustment to the funded employee benefit trust of $1.8 million. Total noninterest expense for the first quarter of 2026 also reflects conversion expenses related to ABOK. For the first quarter of 2025 the Company recorded a $4.4 million expense related to the disposition of certain equity investments no longer permissible under the Volcker rule, no such equivalent expense was recorded in 2026.

At March 31, 2026, the Company's total assets were $15.1 billion, an increase of $277.6 million from December 31, 2025. Loans grew $51.4 million from December 31, 2025, totaling $8.6 billion at March 31, 2026. Deposits totaled $12.9 billion, an increase of $230.7 million from year-end 2025. Sweep accounts totaled $5.1 billion at March 31, 2026, up $160.2 million from December 31, 2025. The Company's total stockholders' equity was $1.9 billion, an increase of $47.8 million over December 31, 2025.

FUTURE APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

See Note (1) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures regarding recently issued accounting pronouncements since December 31, 2025, the date of its most recent annual report to stockholders.

SEGMENT INFORMATION

See Note (12) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures regarding business segments.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Average Balances, Income, Expenses and Rates

The following table presents certain information related to the Company's consolidated average balance sheet, average yields on assets and average costs of liabilities. Such yields are derived by dividing income or expense by the average balance of the corresponding assets or liabilities. For these computations: (i) average balances are derived from daily averages, (ii) information is shown on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 21% tax rate, and (iii) nonaccrual loans are included in the average loan balances and any interest on such nonaccrual loans is recognized on a cash basis. Loan fees included in interest income were $5.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to $5.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Selected income statement data and other selected data for the comparable periods were as follows:

BANCFIRST CORPORATION

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

Net Interest Income

For the three months ended March 31, 2026, net interest income, which is the Company's principal source of operating revenue, increased $11.7 million or 10.1% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025. Higher loan volume along with general growth in earning assets were the primary drivers of the change in net interest income. Net interest margin is the ratio of taxable-equivalent net interest income to average earning assets for the period.

Provision for Credit Losses on Loans

The Company establishes an allowance as an estimate of the expected credit losses in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. Management believes the allowance for credit losses is appropriate based upon management's best estimate of expected losses within the existing loan portfolio. Should any of the factors considered by management in evaluating the appropriate level of the allowance for credit losses change, the Company's estimate of expected credit losses could also change which could affect the amount of future provisions for credit losses.

Net loan charge-offs were $1.5 million for the first quarter of 2026 compared to net loan charge-offs of $503,000 for the first quarter of 2025. The rate of net charge-offs to average total loans continues to be at a low level.

Noninterest Income

Noninterest income increased by $2.5 million for the first quarter of 2026 compared to the first quarter of 2025. Trust revenue, services charges on deposits, treasury income and securities transactions each increased when compared to first quarter of 2025 partially offset by a decrease in insurance commissions.

Noninterest income included non-sufficient funds ("NSF") and overdraft fees totaling $8.0 million and $7.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. This represents 15.5% and 15.1% of the Company's noninterest income for the

respective periods. In addition, the Company had debit card usage and interchange fees totaling $6.8 million and $6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. This represents 13.3% of the Company's noninterest income for both periods.

Noninterest Expense

Noninterest expense increased by $4.6 million for first quarter of 2026 compared to the first quarter of 2025. The increase in noninterest expense was primarily attributable to the growth in salaries and employee benefits of $4.3 million. The total salaries and benefits expenses recorded of $58.9 million for the period ended March 31, 2026 is after a favorable adjustment to the funded employee benefit trust of $1.8 million. The total salaries and benefits expenses recorded of $54.6 million for the period ended March 31, 2025 is after a favorable adjustment to the funded employee benefit trust of $419,000. Total noninterest expense for the first quarter of 2026 also reflects conversion expenses related to ABOK. For the first quarter of 2025 the Company recorded a $4.4 million expense related to the disposition of certain equity investments no longer permissible under the Volcker Rule, no such equivalent expense was recorded in 2026.

Income Taxes

The Company's effective tax rate was 21.3% for the first quarter of 2026, compared to 21.1% for the first quarter of 2025. The primary reasons for the difference between the Company's effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate were tax-exempt income, nondeductible amortization, federal and state tax credits and state tax expense.

FINANCIAL POSITION

Cash and Due from Banks, Federal Funds Sold and Interest-Bearing Deposits with Banks

The aggregate of cash and due from banks, federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits with banks increased by $188.5 million or 4.2%, to $4.7 billion from December 31, 2025 to March 31, 2026. The increase was related to an increase of interest-bearing deposits and maturing securities, somewhat offset by a reduction of federal funds sold.

Securities

At March 31, 2026, total debt securities decreased $38.4 million, or 4.2% compared to December 31, 2025. The size of the Company's securities portfolio is determined by the Company's liquidity and asset/liability management. The net unrealized loss on debt securities available for sale, before taxes, was $14.0 million at March 31, 2026, compared to a net unrealized loss of $10.8 million at December 31, 2025. These unrealized losses, net of income taxes, of $10.7 million at March 31, 2026 and $8.3 million at December 31, 2025 are included in the Company's stockholders' equity as accumulated other comprehensive loss. The Company purchased $25.3 million of debt securities during the quarter ended March 31, 2026. No purchases were made during the first quarter of 2025. The Company did not recognize a gain or loss on debt securities during the quarters ended March 31, 2026 or 2025. The Company had maturities and paydowns of debt securities totaling $61.0 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2026 and $56.3 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2025.

See Note (3) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures regarding the Company's securities.

Loans

At March 31, 2026, total loans increased $51.4 million or 0.6% compared to December 31, 2025 as a result of internal loan growth. Of the total increase in loans, commercial real estate made up the largest increase. The preponderance of internal loan growth was from the Company's Oklahoma subsidiary BancFirst.

See Note (4) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures regarding the Company's loan portfolio segments.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The overall credit quality of the Company's loan portfolio has remained strong. If unforeseen adverse changes occur in the national or local economy, or in the credit markets, it would be reasonable to expect that the allowance for credit losses would increase in future periods.

Nonaccrual Loans

Nonaccrual loans totaled $62.2 million at March 31, 2026 compared to $61.1 million at December 31, 2025. The Company's nonaccrual commercial real estate loans made up 59% of nonaccrual loans. Nonaccrual loans negatively impact the Company's net interest margin. A loan is placed on nonaccrual status when, in the opinion of management, the future collectability of both interest and principal is in serious doubt. Interest income is not recognized until the principal balance is fully collected. However, if the full collection of the remaining principal balance is not in doubt, interest income is recognized on certain of these loans on a cash basis. Had nonaccrual loans performed in accordance with their original contractual terms, the Company would have recognized additional interest income of approximately $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Only a small amount of this interest is expected to be ultimately collected. Approximately $10.8 million of nonaccrual loans were guaranteed by government agencies at March 31, 2026.

The classification of a loan as nonaccrual does not necessarily indicate that loan principal and interest will ultimately be uncollectible; although, in an economic downturn, the Company's experience has been that the level of collection declines. The above normal risk associated with nonaccrual loans has been considered in the determination of the allowance for credit losses. The level of nonaccrual loans and credit losses could rise over time as a result of adverse economic conditions.

Modified Loans

The current and future financial effects of the recorded balance of loans considered to be modified during the period were not considered to be material. The recorded balance of loans modified during the period ended March 31, 2026 was approximately $3.3 million compared to $6.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2025.

Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets

Other real estate owned ("OREO") and repossessed assets increased $4.5 million during the period ended March 31, 2026. There was $1.4 million of tenant improvements related to bank owned OREO property. Additionally, as part of the ABOK conversion, $1.9 million of property previously held for bank operations was moved to OREO. The remainder of the change in OREO and repossessed assets resulted from normal bank operations. OREO consists of properties acquired through foreclosure proceedings or acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure and premises held for sale. These properties are carried at the lower of the book values of the related loans or fair values based upon appraisals of the properties, less estimated costs to sell. Write-downs arising at the time of reclassification of such properties from loans to OREO are charged directly to the allowance for credit losses. Any losses on bank premises designated to

be sold are charged to operating expense at the time of transfer from premises to OREO. Decreases in values of properties subsequent to their classification as OREO are charged to operating expense. The Company did not have any write-downs in OREO for the three months ended March 31, 2026.

Rental income for OREO properties is included in other noninterest income on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Operating expense for OREO properties is included in net expense from OREO in other noninterest expense on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The Company's total rental income and operating expenses from OREO are presented in the following table:

Intangible Assets, Goodwill and Other Assets

Identifiable intangible assets and goodwill totaled $203.8 million and $204.1 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

Other assets includes the cash surrender value of key-man life insurance policies totaling $93.0 million at March 31, 2026 and $94.2 million at December 31, 2025.

Derivative financial instruments consisting of oil and gas swaps and option contracts are included in other assets and totaled $45.5 million at March 31, 2026 and $21.2 million at December 31, 2025. They require a daily margin to be posted, which fluctuates with oil and gas prices and customer activity. The Company had a margin asset included in other assets in the amount of $53.2 million at March 31, 2026 and a margin liability included in other liabilities in the amount of $7.4 million at December 31, 2025. See Note (11) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a complete discussion of the Company's derivative financial instruments.

Equity securities are reported in other assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The Company invests in equity securities without readily determinable fair values. The realized and unrealized gains and losses are reported as securities transactions in the noninterest income section of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The balance of equity securities was $10.3 million at March 31, 2026 and $9.3 million at December 31, 2025. The Company reviews its portfolio of equity securities for impairment at least quarterly.

Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Investments, New Market Tax Credit Investments and Historic Tax Credit Investments

The Company's tax credits all amortize off over the life of the investment. The Company's low-income housing tax credit ("LIHTC") investments decreased $2.6 million totaling $92.3 million at March 31, 2026, New Markets Tax Credits ("NMTC") investments decreased $413,000 totaling $8.5 million at March 31, 2026 and the Historic Tax Credit Investments decreased $1.1 million totaling $7.5 million at March 31, 2026, all of which are included in other assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. Unfunded commitments related to these investments totaled $61.6 million at March 31, 2026, all of which are included in other liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheet.

See Note (6) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 for disclosures regarding these investments.

Liquidity and Funding

The Company's principal source of liquidity and funding is its broad deposit base generated from customer relationships. The availability of deposits is affected by economic conditions, competition with other financial institutions and alternative investments available to customers. Through interest rates paid, service charge levels and services offered, the Company can affect its level of deposits to a limited extent. The level and maturity of funding necessary to support the Company's lending and investment functions is determined through the Company's asset/liability management process. The Company currently does not rely heavily on long-term borrowings and does not utilize brokered CDs. The Company maintains lines of credit from the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB"), federal funds lines of credit with other banks and could also utilize the sale of loans, securities and liquidation of other assets as sources of liquidity and funding. The Company is highly liquid with percent of cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits with banks and federal funds sold to total assets of 31.0% at March 31, 2026, compared to 30.3% at December 31, 2025.

There have not been any other material changes from the liquidity and funding discussion included in Management's Discussion and Analysis in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Deposits

At March 31, 2026, deposits totaled $12.9 billion, an increase of $230.7 million from December 31, 2025. The Company's core deposits provide it with a stable, low-cost funding source. The Company's core deposits as a percentage of total deposits was 95.2% at March 31, 2026 and 94.8% at December 31, 2025. Noninterest-bearing deposits to total deposits were 31.8% at March 31, 2026 compared to 30.8% at December 31, 2025.

Uninsured deposits are defined as the portion of deposit accounts in U.S. offices that exceed the FDIC insurance limit and amounts in any other uninsured investment or deposit account that are classified as deposits and are not subject to any federal or state deposit insurance regimes. Total uninsured deposits were $4.4 billion at March 31, 2026 and $4.3 billion at December 31, 2025, as calculated per regulatory guidance. This was approximately 34% of deposits at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Off-balance-sheet sweep accounts totaled $5.1 billion at March 31, 2026 compared to $4.9 billion at December 31, 2025. The movement of customers' funds into the Company's off-balance-sheet sweep accounts affected the balances of both cash and deposits.

Subordinated Debt

See Note (6) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a complete discussion of the Company's subordinated debt.

Lines of Credit

The Company has several lines of credit available. At March 31, 2026, BancFirst had $995.3 million available on its line of credit from the FHLB of Topeka, Kansas. At March 31, 2026, BancFirst had no advances outstanding under this line of credit. Pegasus had a Federal Reserve discount window capacity of $73.2 million. At March 31, 2026, Pegasus had no advances outstanding under this line of credit. Worthington had $10.5 million in lines of credit with other financial institutions that serve as overnight federal funds facilities, a Federal Reserve discount window capacity of $31.8 million and a $94.3 million line of credit from the FHLB of Dallas, Texas to use for liquidity or to match-fund certain long-term rate loans. Worthington had no advances outstanding at March 31, 2026 under any of these lines of credit.

Capital Resources

Stockholders' equity totaled $1.9 billion at March 31, 2026, an increase of $47.8 million from December 31, 2025. In addition to net income of $63.0 million, other increases in stockholders' equity during the three months ended March 31, 2026 included $781,000 in common stock issuances related to stock-based compensation plans, $2.1 million in common stock issuances related to the acquisition of ABOK and $767,000 related to stock-based compensation arrangements, that were partially offset by a $2.4 million decrease in accumulated other comprehensive income and $16.5 million in dividends. The Company's leverage ratio and total risk-based capital ratios at March 31, 2026 were well in excess of the regulatory requirements.

See Note (8) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of capital ratios and requirements.

Liquidity Risk and Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

There have not been any material changes in the Company's liquidity risk and off-balance-sheet arrangements included in Management's Discussion and Analysis which was included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.