JPMorgan Chase & Co.
07/22/2025 | Press release | Distributed by Public on 07/22/2025 13:22
Primary Offering Prospectus (Form 424B2)
The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not an
offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to completion dated July 22, 2025
July , 2025
Registration Statement Nos. 333-270004 and 333-270004-01; Rule 424(b)(2)
Pricing supplement to product supplement no. 4-I dated April 13, 2023, underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023, the prospectus and
prospectus supplement, each dated April 13, 2023, and the prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024
JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC
Structured Investments
Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the
Russell 2000® Index and the S&P 500® Index due
September 3, 2026
Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co.
● The notes are designed for investors who seek a higher interest rate than the yield on a conventional debt security with the
same maturity issued by us. The notes will pay at least 9.15% per annum interest over the term of the notes, payable at a
rate of at least 0.7625% per month.
● Investors should be willing to accept the risk of losing some or all of their principal and be willing to forgo dividend payments,
in exchange for Interest Payments.
● The notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, which we refer to as
JPMorgan Financial, the payment on which is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co. Any
payment on the notes is subject to the credit risk of JPMorgan Financial, as issuer of the notes, and the credit risk
of JPMorgan Chase & Co., as guarantor of the notes.
● Payments on the notes are not linked to a basket composed of the Indices. Payments on the notes are linked to the
performance of each of the Indices individually, as described below.
● Minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof
● The notes are expected to price on or about July 31, 2025 and are expected to settle on or about August 5, 2025.
● CUSIP: 48136FH39
Investing in the notes involves a number of risks. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying
prospectus supplement, Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, "Risk Factors" beginning on page PS-11 of
the accompanying product supplement and "Selected Risk Considerations" beginning on page PS-3 of this pricing
supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of
the notes or passed upon the accuracy or the adequacy of this pricing supplement or the accompanying product supplement,
underlying supplement, prospectus supplement, prospectus and prospectus addendum. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
Price to Public (1)
Fees and Commissions (2)
Proceeds to Issuer
Per note
$1,000
-
$1,000
Total
$
-
$
(1) See "Supplemental Use of Proceeds" in this pricing supplement for information about the components of the price to public of the notes.
(2) All sales of the notes will be made to certain fee-based advisory accounts for which an affiliated or unaffiliated broker-dealer is an investment
adviser. These broker-dealers will forgo any commissions related to these sales. See "Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)" in the
accompanying product supplement.
If the notes priced today, the estimated value of the notes would be approximately $988.60 per $1,000 principal amount
note. The estimated value of the notes, when the terms of the notes are set, will be provided in the pricing supplement and
will not be less than $960.00 per $1,000 principal amount note. See "The Estimated Value of the Notes" in this pricing
supplement for additional information.
The notes are not bank deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency
and are not obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.
PS-1| Structured Investments
Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the Russell 2000® Index
and the S&P 500® Index
Key Terms
Issuer: JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, a direct,
wholly owned finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Guarantor: JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Indices: The Russell 2000® Index (Bloomberg ticker: RTY)
and the S&P 500® Index (Bloomberg ticker: SPX) (each an
"Index" and collectively, the "Indices")
Interest Payments: You will receive on each Interest
Payment Date for each $1,000 principal amount note an
Interest Payment equal to at least $7.625 (equivalent to an
Interest Rate of at least 9.15% per annum, payable at a rate
of at least 0.7625% per month) (to be provided in the pricing
supplement).
Interest Rate: At least 9.15% per annum, payable at a rate
of at least 0.7625% per month (to be provided in the pricing
supplement)
Trigger Value: With respect to each Index, 75.00% of its
Initial Value
Pricing Date: On or about July 31, 2025
Original Issue Date (Settlement Date): On or about August
5, 2025
Interest Payment Dates*: September 5, 2025, October 3,
2025, November 5, 2025, December 4, 2025, January 6,
2026, February 5, 2026, March 5, 2026, April 6, 2026, May
5, 2026, June 4, 2026, July 6, 2026, August 5, 2026 and the
Maturity Date
Observation Date*: August 31, 2026
Maturity Date*: September 3, 2026
* Subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event
and as described under "General Terms of Notes - Postponement
of a Determination Date - Notes Linked to Multiple Underlyings"
and "General Terms of Notes - Postponement of a Payment Date"
in the accompanying product supplement
Payment at Maturity:
If (i) the Final Value of each Index is greater than or equal to
its Initial Value or (ii) a Trigger Event has not occurred, you
will receive a cash payment at maturity, for each $1,000
principal amount note, equal to (a) $1,000 plus (b) the
Interest Payment applicable to the Maturity Date.
If (i) the Final Value of either Index is less than its Initial
Value and (ii) a Trigger Event has occurred, your payment
at maturity per $1,000 principal amount note, in addition to
the Interest Payment applicable to the Maturity Date, will be
calculated as follows:
$1,000 + ($1,000 × Lesser Performing Index Return)
If (i) the Final Value of either Index is less than its Initial
Value and (ii) a Trigger Event has occurred, you will lose
some or all of your principal amount at maturity.
Trigger Event: A Trigger Event occurs if, on any day during
the Monitoring Period, the closing level of either Index is
less than its Trigger Value.
Monitoring Period: The period from but excluding the
Pricing Date to and including the Observation Date
Lesser Performing Index: The Index with the Lesser
Performing Index Return
Lesser Performing Index Return: The lower of the Index
Returns of the Indices
Index Return: With respect to each Index,
(Final Value - Initial Value)
Initial Value
Initial Value: With respect to each Index, the closing level
of that Index on the Pricing Date
Final Value: With respect to each Index, the closing level of
that Index on the Observation Date
PS-2| Structured Investments
Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the Russell 2000® Index
and the S&P 500® Index
Supplemental Terms of the Notes
Any value of any underlier, and any values derived therefrom, included in this pricing supplement may be corrected, in the event of
manifest error or inconsistency, by amendment of this pricing supplement and the corresponding terms of the notes. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary in the indenture governing the notes, that amendment will become effective without consent of the holders of
the notes or any other party.
How the Notes Work
Payment at Maturity
Observation Date
Payment at Maturity
The Final Value of each Index is greater than or
equal to its Initial Value or a Trigger Event has not
occurred.
You will receive (a) $1,000 plus (b) the Interest Payment
applicable to the Maturity Date.
The Final Value of either Index is less than its Initial
Value and a Trigger Event has occurred.
You will receive, in addition to the Interest Payment applicable
to the Maturity Date:
$1,000 + ($1,000 x Lesser Performing Index Return)
Under these circumstances, you will lose some or all of your
principal amount at maturity.
Total Interest Payments
The hypothetical total Interest Payments per $1,000 principal amount note over the term of the notes based on a hypothetical Interest
Rate of 9.15% per annum is $99.125. The actual Interest Rate will be provided in the pricing supplement and will be at least 9.15% per
annum.
Hypothetical Payout Examples
The following examples illustrate payments on the notes linked to two hypothetical Indices, assuming a range of performances for the
hypothetical Lesser Performing Index on the Observation Date. Solely for purposes of this section, the Lesser Performing Index
with respect to each Review Date is the lesser performing of the Indices determined based on the closing level of each Index
on that Review Date compared with its Initial Value.
The hypothetical payments set forth below assume the following:
● an Initial Value for each Index of 100.00;
● a Trigger Value for each Index of 75.00 (equal to 75.00% of its hypothetical Initial Value); and
● an Interest Rate of 9.15% per annum (payable at a rate of 0.7625% per month).
The hypothetical Initial Value of each Index of 100.00 has been chosen for illustrative purposes only and may not represent a likely
actual Initial Value of either Index. The actual Initial Value of each Index will be the closing level of that Index on the Pricing Date and
will be provided in the pricing supplement. For historical data regarding the actual closing levels of each Index, please see the historical
information set forth under "The Indices" in this pricing supplement.
Each hypothetical payment set forth below is for illustrative purposes only and may not be the actual payment applicable to a purchaser
of the notes. The numbers appearing in the following examples have been rounded for ease of analysis.
PS-3| Structured Investments
Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the Russell 2000® Index
and the S&P 500® Index
Example 1 - The Final Value of the Lesser Performing Index is greater than or equal to its Initial Value and a
Trigger Event has occurred.
Date
Closing Level of Lesser
Performing Index
Observation Date
105.00
Final Value of Lesser Performing Index is greater than its Initial
Value
Total Payment
$1,099.125 (9.9125% return)
Because the Final Value of the Lesser Performing Index is greater than or equal to its Initial Value, even though a Trigger Event has
occurred, the payment at maturity, for each $1,000 principal amount note, will be $1,007.625 (or $1,000 plus the Interest Payment
applicable to the Maturity Date). When added to the Interest Payments received with respect to the prior Interest Payment Dates, the
total amount paid, for each $1,000 principal amount note, is $1,099.125.
Example 2 - The Final Value of the Lesser Performing Index is less than its Initial Value and a Trigger Event has
NOT occurred.
Date
Closing Level of Lesser
Performing Index
Observation Date
70.00
Final Value of Lesser Performing Index is less than its Initial Value
Total Payment
$1,099.125 (9.9125% return)
Because a Trigger Event has not occurred, even though the Final Value of the Lesser Performing Index is less than its Initial Value, the
payment at maturity, for each $1,000 principal amount note, will be $1,007.625 (or $1,000 plus the Interest Payment applicable to the
Maturity Date). When added to the Interest Payments received with respect to the prior Interest Payment Dates, the total amount paid,
for each $1,000 principal amount note, is $1,099.125.
Example 3 - The Final Value of the Lesser Performing Index is less than its Initial Value and a Trigger Event has
occurred.
Date
Closing Level of Lesser
Performing Index
Observation Date
50.00
Final Value of Lesser Performing Index is less than its Initial Value
Total Payment
$599.125 (-40.0875% return)
Because the Final Value of the Lesser Performing Index is less than its Initial Value, a Trigger Event has occurred and the Lesser
Performing Index Return is -50.00%, the payment at maturity will be $507.625 per $1,000 principal amount note, calculated as follows:
$1,000 + [$1,000 × (-50.00%)] + $7.625 = $507.625
When added to the Interest Payments received with respect to the prior Interest Payment Dates, the total amount paid, for each $1,000
principal amount note, is $599.125.
The hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments on the notes shown above apply only if you hold the notes for their entire term.
These hypotheticals do not reflect the fees or expenses that would be associated with any sale in the secondary market. If these fees
and expenses were included, the hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments shown above would likely be lower.
Selected Risk Considerations
An investment in the notes involves significant risks. These risks are explained in more detail in the "Risk Factors" sections of the
accompanying prospectus supplement and product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum.
Risks Relating to the Notes Generally
● YOUR INVESTMENT IN THE NOTES MAY RESULT IN A LOSS -
The notes do not guarantee any return of principal. If (i) the Final Value of either Index is less than its Initial Value and (ii) a Trigger
Event has occurred, you will lose 1% of the principal amount of your notes for every 1% that the Final Value of the Lesser
Performing Index is less than its Initial Value. Accordingly, under these circumstances, you will lose some or all of your principal
amount at maturity.
● CREDIT RISKS OF JPMORGAN FINANCIAL AND JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. -
Investors are dependent on our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s ability to pay all amounts due on the notes. Any actual or potential
change in our or JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s creditworthiness or credit spreads, as determined by the market for taking that credit
risk, is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. If we and JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to default on our payment
obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose your entire investment.
PS-4| Structured Investments
Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the Russell 2000® Index
and the S&P 500® Index
● AS A FINANCE SUBSIDIARY, JPMORGAN FINANCIAL HAS NO INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS AND HAS LIMITED ASSETS
-
As a finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co., we have no independent operations beyond the issuance and administration of
our securities and the collection of intercompany obligations. Aside from the initial capital contribution from JPMorgan Chase & Co.,
substantially all of our assets relate to obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. to make payments under loans made by us to
JPMorgan Chase & Co. or under other intercompany agreements. As a result, we are dependent upon payments from JPMorgan
Chase & Co. to meet our obligations under the notes. We are not a key operating subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and in a
bankruptcy or resolution of JPMorgan Chase & Co. we are not expected to have sufficient resources to meet our obligations in
respect of the notes as they come due. If JPMorgan Chase & Co. does not make payments to us and we are unable to make
payments on the notes, you may have to seek payment under the related guarantee by JPMorgan Chase & Co., and that
guarantee will rank pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. For more
information, see the accompanying prospectus addendum.
● THE APPRECIATION POTENTIAL OF THE NOTES IS LIMITED TO THE SUM OF THE INTEREST PAYMENTS PAID OVER
THE TERM OF THE NOTES,
regardless of any appreciation of either Index, which may be significant. You will not participate in any appreciation of either Index.
● YOU ARE EXPOSED TO THE RISK OF DECLINE IN THE LEVEL OF EACH INDEX -
Payments on the notes are not linked to a basket composed of the Indices and are contingent upon the performance of each
individual Index. Poor performance by either of the Indices over the term of the notes may negatively affect your payment at
maturity and will not be offset or mitigated by positive performance by the other Index.
● YOUR PAYMENT AT MATURITY WILL BE DETERMINED BY THE LESSER PERFORMING INDEX.
● THE BENEFIT PROVIDED BY THE TRIGGER VALUE MAY TERMINATE ON ANY DAY DURING THE MONITORING PERIOD
-
If, on any day during the Monitoring Period, the closing level of either Index is less than its Trigger Value (i.e., a Trigger Event
occurs), the benefit provided by the Trigger Value will terminate and you will be fully exposed to any depreciation of the Lesser
Performing Index. You will be subject to this potential loss of principal even if that Index subsequently recovers such that the
closing level of that Index is greater than or equal to its Trigger Value.
● YOU WILL NOT RECEIVE DIVIDENDS ON THE SECURITIES INCLUDED IN EITHER INDEX OR HAVE ANY RIGHTS WITH
RESPECT TO THOSE SECURITIES.
● THE RISK OF THE CLOSING LEVEL OF AN INDEX FALLING BELOW ITS TRIGGER VALUE IS GREATER IF THE LEVEL OF
THAT INDEX IS VOLATILE.
● LACK OF LIQUIDITY -
The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. Accordingly, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is likely
to depend on the price, if any, at which J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, which we refer to as JPMS, is willing to buy the notes. You
may not be able to sell your notes. The notes are not designed to be short-term trading instruments. Accordingly, you should be
able and willing to hold your notes to maturity.
● THE FINAL TERMS AND VALUATION OF THE NOTES WILL BE PROVIDED IN THE PRICING SUPPLEMENT -
You should consider your potential investment in the notes based on the minimums for the estimated value of the notes and the
Interest Rate.
Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest
● POTENTIAL CONFLICTS -
We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the notes. In performing these duties, our and JPMorgan Chase &
Co.'s economic interests are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. It is possible that hedging or trading
activities of ours or our affiliates in connection with the notes could result in substantial returns for us or our affiliates while the
value of the notes declines. Please refer to "Risk Factors - Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest" in the accompanying product
supplement.
Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
● THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES WILL BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE (PRICE TO PUBLIC) OF
THE NOTES -
The estimated value of the notes is only an estimate determined by reference to several factors. The original issue price of the
notes will exceed the estimated value of the notes because costs associated with structuring and hedging the notes are included in
the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for
assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the
notes. See "The Estimated Value of the Notes" in this pricing supplement.
● THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES DOES NOT REPRESENT FUTURE VALUES OF THE NOTES AND MAY DIFFER
FROM OTHERS' ESTIMATES -
See "The Estimated Value of the Notes" in this pricing supplement.
PS-5| Structured Investments
Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the Russell 2000® Index
and the S&P 500® Index
● THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES IS DERIVED BY REFERENCE TO AN INTERNAL FUNDING RATE -
The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding
rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may
be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates' view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance,
operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income
instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may
prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an
internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any
secondary market prices of the notes. See "The Estimated Value of the Notes" in this pricing supplement.
● THE VALUE OF THE NOTES AS PUBLISHED BY JPMS (AND WHICH MAY BE REFLECTED ON CUSTOMER ACCOUNT
STATEMENTS) MAY BE HIGHER THAN THE THEN-CURRENT ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES FOR A LIMITED TIME
PERIOD -
We generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in
connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period.
See "Secondary Market Prices of the Notes" in this pricing supplement for additional information relating to this initial period.
Accordingly, the estimated value of your notes during this initial period may be lower than the value of the notes as published by
JPMS (and which may be shown on your customer account statements).
● SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL LIKELY BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE OF THE
NOTES -
Any secondary market prices of the notes will likely be lower than the original issue price of the notes because, among other
things, secondary market prices take into account our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances and,
also, because secondary market prices may exclude projected hedging profits, if any, and estimated hedging costs that are
included in the original issue price of the notes. As a result, the price, if any, at which JPMS will be willing to buy the notes from you
in secondary market transactions, if at all, is likely to be lower than the original issue price. Any sale by you prior to the Maturity
Date could result in a substantial loss to you.
● SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL BE IMPACTED BY MANY ECONOMIC AND MARKET FACTORS -
The secondary market price of the notes during their term will be impacted by a number of economic and market factors, which
may either offset or magnify each other, aside from the projected hedging profits, if any, estimated hedging costs and the levels of
the Indices. Additionally, independent pricing vendors and/or third party broker-dealers may publish a price for the notes, which
may also be reflected on customer account statements. This price may be different (higher or lower) than the price of the notes, if
any, at which JPMS may be willing to purchase your notes in the secondary market. See "Risk Factors - Risks Relating to the
Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes - Secondary market prices of the notes will be impacted by many
economic and market factors" in the accompanying product supplement.
Risks Relating to the Indices
● JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. IS CURRENTLY ONE OF THE COMPANIES THAT MAKE UP THE S&P 500® INDEX,
but JPMorgan Chase & Co. will not have any obligation to consider your interests in taking any corporate action that might affect
the level of the S&P 500® Index.
● AN INVESTMENT IN THE NOTES IS SUBJECT TO RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL CAPITALIZATION STOCKS WITH
RESPECT TO THE RUSSELL 2000® INDEX -
Small capitalization companies may be less able to withstand adverse economic, market, trade and competitive conditions relative
to larger companies. Small capitalization companies are less likely to pay dividends on their stocks, and the presence of a dividend
payment could be a factor that limits downward stock price pressure under adverse market conditions.
The Indices
The Russell 2000® Index consists of the middle 2,000 companies included in the Russell 3000ETM Index and, as a result of the index
calculation methodology, consists of the smallest 2,000 companies included in the Russell 3000® Index. The Russell 2000® Index is
designed to track the performance of the small capitalization segment of the U.S. equity market. For additional information about the
Russell 2000® Index, see "Equity Index Descriptions - The Russell Indices" in the accompanying underlying supplement.
The S&P 500® Index consists of stocks of 500 companies selected to provide a performance benchmark for the U.S. equity markets.
For additional information about the S&P 500® Index, see "Equity Index Descriptions - The S&P U.S. Indices" in the accompanying
underlying supplement.
Historical Information
The following graphs set forth the historical performance of each Index based on the weekly historical closing levels from January 3,
2020 through July 18, 2025. The closing level of the Russell 2000® Index on July 21, 2025 was 2,231.133. The closing level of the S&P
500® Index on July 21, 2025 was 6,305.60. We obtained the closing levels above and below from the Bloomberg Professional® service
("Bloomberg"), without independent verification.
The historical closing levels of each Index should not be taken as an indication of future performance, and no assurance can be given
as to the closing level of either Index on the Pricing Date, the Observation Date or any day during the Monitoring Period. There can be
no assurance that the performance of the Indices will result in the return of any of your principal amount.
PS-6| Structured Investments
Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the Russell 2000® Index
and the S&P 500® Index
Historical Performance of the Russell 2000® Index
Source: Bloomberg
Historical Performance of the S&P 500® Index
Source: Bloomberg
Tax Treatment
You should review carefully the section entitled "Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences" in the accompanying product
supplement no. 4-I. Based on the advice of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, our special tax counsel, and on current market conditions, in
determining our reporting responsibilities we intend to treat the notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes as units each consisting of:
(x) a cash-settled Put Option written by you that in circumstances where the payment due at maturity is less than $1,000 (excluding
accrued but unpaid interest), requires you to pay us an amount equal to that difference and (y) a Deposit of $1,000 per $1,000 principal
amount note to secure your potential obligation under the Put Option, as more fully described in "Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Consequences - Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders - Notes Treated as Units Each Comprising a Put Option and a Deposit" in the
accompanying product supplement, and in particular in the subsection thereof entitled "- Notes with a Term of More than One Year."
By purchasing the notes, you agree (in the absence of an administrative determination or judicial ruling to the contrary) to follow this
treatment and the allocation described in the following paragraph. However, there are other reasonable treatments that the IRS or a
court may adopt, in which case the timing and character of any income or loss on the notes could be materially and adversely affected.
In addition, in 2007 Treasury and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of "prepaid
forward contracts" and similar instruments. The notice focuses on a number of issues, the most relevant of which for investors in the
notes are the character of income or loss (including whether the Put Premium might be currently included as ordinary income) and the
PS-7| Structured Investments
Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the Russell 2000® Index
and the S&P 500® Index
degree, if any, to which income realized by non-U.S. investors should be subject to withholding tax. While it is not clear whether the
notes would be viewed as similar to the typical prepaid forward contract described in the notice, it is possible that any Treasury
regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax
consequences of an investment in the notes, possibly with retroactive effect.
In determining our reporting responsibilities, we intend to treat a portion of each Interest Payment equal to approximately 4.46% per
annum times the amount of the Deposit times the number of days in the applicable period divided by 365 as interest on the Deposit (so
that the amount allocated as interest on the Deposit will vary from Interest Payment to Interest Payment depending on the number of
days in the applicable period) and the remainder of each Interest Payment as Put Premium. Assuming that the treatment of the notes
as units each comprising a Put Option and a Deposit is respected, amounts treated as interest on the Deposit will be taxed as ordinary
income, while the Put Premium will not be taken into account prior to sale or settlement.
Section 871(m) of the Code and Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder ("Section 871(m)") generally impose a 30% withholding
tax (unless an income tax treaty applies) on dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid to Non-U.S. Holders with respect to certain
financial instruments linked to U.S. equities or indices that include U.S. equities. Section 871(m) provides certain exceptions to this
withholding regime, including for instruments linked to certain broad-based indices that meet requirements set forth in the applicable
Treasury regulations. Additionally, a recent IRS notice excludes from the scope of Section 871(m) instruments issued prior to January
1, 2027 that do not have a delta of one with respect to underlying securities that could pay U.S.-source dividends for U.S. federal
income tax purposes (each an "Underlying Security"). Based on certain determinations made by us, we expect that Section 871(m) will
not apply to the notes with regard to Non-U.S. Holders. Our determination is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may disagree with this
determination. Section 871(m) is complex and its application may depend on your particular circumstances, including whether you enter
into other transactions with respect to an Underlying Security. If necessary, further information regarding the potential application of
Section 871(m) will be provided in the pricing supplement for the notes. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the potential
application of Section 871(m) to the notes.
The discussions above and in the accompanying product supplement do not address the consequences to taxpayers subject to special
tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the Code. You should consult your tax adviser regarding all aspects of the U.S. federal
income tax consequences of an investment in the notes, including possible alternative treatments and the issues presented by the 2007
notice. Purchasers who are not initial purchasers of notes at the issue price should also consult their tax advisers with respect to the
tax consequences of an investment in the notes, including possible alternative treatments, as well as the allocation of the purchase
price of the notes between the Deposit and the Put Option.
The Estimated Value of the Notes
The estimated value of the notes set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement is equal to the sum of the values of the following
hypothetical components: (1) a fixed-income debt component with the same maturity as the notes, valued using the internal funding
rate described below, and (2) the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes. The estimated value of the notes
does not represent a minimum price at which JPMS would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at any
time. The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding
rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may be
based on, among other things, our and our affiliates' view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance, operational
and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income instruments of
JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove to be incorrect,
and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal funding rate and
any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market prices of the notes.
For additional information, see "Selected Risk Considerations - Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of
the Notes - The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate" in this pricing supplement.
The value of the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes is derived from internal pricing models of our
affiliates. These models are dependent on inputs such as the traded market prices of comparable derivative instruments and on various
other inputs, some of which are market-observable, and which can include volatility, dividend rates, interest rates and other factors, as
well as assumptions about future market events and/or environments. Accordingly, the estimated value of the notes is determined when
the terms of the notes are set based on market conditions and other relevant factors and assumptions existing at that time.
The estimated value of the notes does not represent future values of the notes and may differ from others' estimates. Different pricing
models and assumptions could provide valuations for the notes that are greater than or less than the estimated value of the notes. In
addition, market conditions and other relevant factors in the future may change, and any assumptions may prove to be incorrect. On
future dates, the value of the notes could change significantly based on, among other things, changes in market conditions, our or
JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s creditworthiness, interest rate movements and other relevant factors, which may impact the price, if any, at
which JPMS would be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions.
PS-8| Structured Investments
Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the Russell 2000® Index
and the S&P 500® Index
The estimated value of the notes will be lower than the original issue price of the notes because costs associated with structuring and
hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates
expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging our
obligations under the notes. Because hedging our obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our control,
this hedging may result in a profit that is more or less than expected, or it may result in a loss. A portion of the profits, if any, realized in
hedging our obligations under the notes may be allowed to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, and we or one or more of our affiliates
will retain any remaining hedging profits. See "Selected Risk Considerations - Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary
Market Prices of the Notes - The Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price (Price to Public) of the
Notes" in this pricing supplement.
Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
For information about factors that will impact any secondary market prices of the notes, see "Risk Factors - Risks Relating to the
Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes - Secondary market prices of the notes will be impacted by many
economic and market factors" in the accompanying product supplement. In addition, we generally expect that some of the costs
included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by
JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period. These costs can include projected hedging profits, if
any, and, in some circumstances, estimated hedging costs and our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt
issuances. This initial predetermined time period is intended to be the shorter of six months and one-half of the stated term of the notes.
The length of any such initial period reflects the structure of the notes, whether our affiliates expect to earn a profit in connection with
our hedging activities, the estimated costs of hedging the notes and when these costs are incurred, as determined by our affiliates. See
"Selected Risk Considerations - Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes - The Value of the
Notes as Published by JPMS (and Which May Be Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May Be Higher Than the Then-Current
Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited Time Period" in this pricing supplement.
Supplemental Use of Proceeds
The notes are offered to meet investor demand for products that reflect the risk-return profile and market exposure provided by the
notes. See "How the Notes Work" and "Hypothetical Payout Examples" in this pricing supplement for an illustration of the risk-return
profile of the notes and "The Indices" in this pricing supplement for a description of the market exposure provided by the notes.
The original issue price of the notes is equal to the estimated value of the notes plus (minus) the projected profits (losses) that our
affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes, plus the estimated cost of hedging our
obligations under the notes.
Additional Terms Specific to the Notes
You may revoke your offer to purchase the notes at any time prior to the time at which we accept such offer by notifying the applicable
agent. We reserve the right to change the terms of, or reject any offer to purchase, the notes prior to their issuance. In the event of any
changes to the terms of the notes, we will notify you and you will be asked to accept such changes in connection with your purchase.
You may also choose to reject such changes, in which case we may reject your offer to purchase.
You should read this pricing supplement together with the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented by the accompanying
prospectus supplement relating to our Series A medium-term notes of which these notes are a part, the accompanying prospectus
addendum and the more detailed information contained in the accompanying product supplement and the accompanying underlying
supplement. This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all
other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms,
correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of
ours. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in the "Risk Factors" sections of the accompanying
prospectus supplement and the accompanying product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, as the
notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and
other advisers before you invest in the notes.
PS-9| Structured Investments
Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the Russell 2000® Index
and the S&P 500® Index
You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by reviewing
our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):
● Product supplement no. 4-I dated April 13, 2023:
● Underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023:
● Prospectus supplement and prospectus, each dated April 13, 2023:
● Prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024:
Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 1665650, and JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s CIK is 19617. As used in this pricing
supplement, "we," "us" and "our" refer to JPMorgan Financial.
JPMorgan Chase & Co. published this content on July 22, 2025, and is solely responsible for the information contained herein. Distributed via SEC EDGAR on July 22, 2025 at 19:22 UTC. If you believe the information included in the content is inaccurate or outdated and requires editing or removal, please contact us at support@pubt.io