10/30/2025 | Press release | Distributed by Public on 10/30/2025 15:20
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              MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
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| Overview | ||
| Who We Are | |||||
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              We are a medical device company primarily focused on the design, development and commercialization of continuous glucose monitoring, or CGM, systems for the management of diabetes and metabolic health by patients, caregivers, and clinicians around the world.
             
              We received approval from the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, and commercialized our first product in 2006. We launched our latest generation systems, the Dexcom G6 integrated Continuous Glucose Monitoring System, or G6, in 2018, and we launched the Dexcom G7, or G7, in 2023. In August 2024, we launched Stelo, our biosensor designed for adults with prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes who do not use insulin, as the first over-the-counter glucose biosensor in the U.S. In April 2025, we received FDA clearance for the Dexcom G7 15 Day CGM System for people over the age of 18 with diabetes in the United States.
             
              Unless the context requires otherwise, the terms "we," "us," "our," the "company," or "Dexcom" refer to DexCom, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
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| Global Presence | |||||
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              We have built a direct sales organization in North America and certain international markets to call on health care professionals, such as endocrinologists, physicians and diabetes educators, who can educate and influence patient adoption of continuous glucose monitoring. To complement our direct sales efforts, we have entered into distribution arrangements in North America and several international markets that allow distributors to sell our products.
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| Future Developments | |||||
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              Product Development: We plan to develop future generations of technologies that are focused on improved performance and convenience and that will enable intelligent insulin administration. Over the longer term, we plan to continue to develop and improve networked platforms with open architecture, connectivity and transmitters capable of communicating with other devices. We also intend to expand our efforts to accumulate CGM patient data and metrics and apply predictive modeling and machine learning to generate interactive CGM insights that can inform patient behavior.
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              Partnerships:We continue to support partnerships with insulin pump companies and companies or institutions developing insulin delivery systems, including automated insulin delivery systems. With the introduction of Stelo, we are also pursuing and supporting development partnerships with consumer technology product companies that seek to provide metabolic health insights to their customers.
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              New Opportunities: We are also exploring how to extend our offerings to other opportunities, including for people with pre-diabetes, people who are obese, people who are pregnant, and people in the hospital setting. Eventually, we may apply our technological expertise to products beyond glucose monitoring.
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| Critical Accounting Estimates | ||
| Overview of Financial Results | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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              The most important financial indicators that we use to assess our business are revenue, gross profit, operating income, net income, and operating cash flow.
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              Key Highlights for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 include the following:
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| Revenue | Gross Profit | Operating Income | Net Income | Operating Cash Flow | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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              $1.21 billion
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              $731.4 million
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              $242.5 million
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              $283.8 million
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              $659.9 million
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              up 22% from the same period in 2024
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              up 23% from the same period in 2024
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              up 60% from the same period in 2024
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              up 111% from the same period in 2024
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              up 231% from the same period in 2024
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| Results of Operations | ||
| Financial Overview | ||
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              Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
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| Three Months Ended September 30, | 2025 - 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions, except per share amounts) | 2025 | 
              % of Revenue (1)
             | 2024 | 
              % of Revenue (1)
             | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,209.3 | 100 | % | $ | 994.2 | 100 | % | $ | 215.1 | 22 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 477.9 | 40 | % | 400.4 | 40 | % | 77.5 | 19 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 731.4 | 60.5 | % | 593.8 | 59.7 | % | 137.6 | 23 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 157.5 | 13 | % | 135.4 | 14 | % | 22.1 | 16 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 331.4 | 27 | % | 306.4 | 31 | % | 25.0 | 8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 488.9 | 40 | % | 441.8 | 44 | % | 47.1 | 11 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 242.5 | 20 | % | 152.0 | 15 | % | 90.5 | 60 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 109.8 | 9 | % | 25.4 | 3 | % | 84.4 | ** | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | 352.3 | 29 | % | 177.4 | 18 | % | 174.9 | 99 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | 68.5 | 6 | % | 42.8 | 4 | % | 25.7 | 60 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 283.8 | 23 | % | $ | 134.6 | 14 | % | $ | 149.2 | 111 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic net income per share | $ | 0.73 | ** | $ | 0.34 | ** | $ | 0.39 | ** | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted net income per share | $ | 0.70 | ** | $ | 0.34 | ** | $ | 0.36 | ** | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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              (1) The sum of the individual percentages may not equal the total due to rounding.
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              ** Not meaningful
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              Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
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| Three Months Ended September 30, | 2025 - 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 
              Change in Revenue
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| (In millions) | Revenue | % of Total | Revenue | % of Total | $ | 
              %
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              United States
             | $ | 851.9 | 70% | $ | 701.9 | 71% | $ | 150.0 | 21% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| International | 357.4 | 30% | 292.3 | 29% | 65.1 | 22% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Revenue | $ | 1,209.3 | 100% | $ | 994.2 | 100% | $ | 215.1 | 22% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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              Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to
             
              Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
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| Revenue | 
              The revenue increase was primarily driven by increased sales volume of our disposable sensors due to the continued growth of our worldwide customer base. We added approximately 500,000 - 600,000 net customers, excluding Stelo customers, to our worldwide customer base in 2024. The increase in revenue was offset by pricing headwinds due to rebate eligibility and channel mix.
             
              Disposable sensor and other revenue comprised approximately 97% of total revenue and Reusable Hardware revenue comprised approximately 3% of total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025. Disposable sensor and other revenue comprised approximately 96% of total revenue and Reusable Hardware revenue comprised approximately 4% of total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
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| Cost of sales & Gross profit | 
              Cost of sales and gross profit increased primarily due to an increase in sales volume driven by the addition of approximately 500,000 - 600,000 net customers, excluding Stelo customers, to our worldwide customer base in 2024.
             
              The increase in gross profit margin percentage in the third quarter of 2025 compared to the third quarter of 2024 was primarily driven by higher manufacturing volumes which improved fixed cost absorption. This benefit was partially offset by inefficiencies associated with ensuring supply availability, build configurations that lowered production yield, and total replacement costs.
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              Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to
             
              Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
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| Research and development expense | 
              Research and development expense increased primarily due to $16.4 million in higher compensation and related costs.
             
              We continue to believe that focused investments in research and development are critical to our future growth and competitive position in the marketplace, and to the development of new and updated products and services that are central to our core business strategy.
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| Selling, general and administrative expense | 
              Selling, general and administrative expense increased primarily due to $44.2 million in higher compensation and related costs, partially driven by increased headcount and $10.2 million in incremental investments in advertising and marketing costs, offset by $26.8 million in lower legal expense primarily related to a patent infringement lawsuit that was settled in December 2024.
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| Other income, net | 
              Other income, net, increased primarily due to $82.3 million in higher net gains on equity investments.
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| Income tax expense | 
              The income tax expense recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily attributable to income tax expense from normal, recurring operations and the tax benefit related to the commencement of our Malaysia tax holiday.
             
              The income tax expense recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily attributable to income tax expense from normal, recurring operations and discrete impacts of certain foreign tax return filings.
             
              The decrease in our effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 is primarily attributable to a lower annual effective tax rate applied to normal, recurring operations and the tax benefit related to the commencement of our Malaysia tax holiday.
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| Results of Operations | ||||||||||||||
| Financial Overview | ||||||||||||||
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              Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
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| Nine Months Ended September 30, | 2025 - 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions, except per share amounts) | 2025 | 
              % of Revenue (1)
             | 2024 | 
              % of Revenue (1)
             | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 3,402.4 | 100 | % | $ | 2,919.5 | 100 | % | $ | 482.9 | 17 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 1,393.2 | 41 | % | 1,137.1 | 39 | % | 256.1 | 23 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 2,009.2 | 59.1 | % | 1,782.4 | 61.1 | % | 226.8 | 13 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 450.9 | 13 | % | 412.9 | 14 | % | 38.0 | 9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 969.5 | 28 | % | 958.4 | 33 | % | 11.1 | 1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 1,420.4 | 42 | % | 1,371.3 | 47 | % | 49.1 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 588.8 | 17 | % | 411.1 | 14 | % | 177.7 | 43 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 158.9 | 5 | % | 86.6 | 3 | % | 72.3 | 83 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | 747.7 | 22 | % | 497.7 | 17 | % | 250.0 | 50 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | 178.7 | 5 | % | 73.2 | 3 | % | 105.5 | ** | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 569.0 | 17 | % | $ | 424.5 | 15 | % | $ | 144.5 | 34 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic net income per share | $ | 1.45 | ** | $ | 1.08 | ** | $ | 0.37 | 34 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted net income per share | $ | 1.42 | ** | $ | 1.04 | ** | $ | 0.38 | 37 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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              (1) The sum of the individual percentages may not equal the total due to rounding.
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              ** Not meaningful
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| 
              Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
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| Nine Months Ended September 30, | 2025 - 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | Change in Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | Revenue | % of Total | Revenue | % of Total | $ | 
              %
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              United States
             | $ | 2,443.4 | 72% | $ | 2,087.0 | 71% | $ | 356.4 | 17% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| International | 959.0 | 28% | 832.5 | 29% | 126.5 | 15% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Revenue | $ | 3,402.4 | 100% | $ | 2,919.5 | 100% | $ | 482.9 | 17% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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              Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to
             
              Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
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| Revenue | 
              The revenue increase was primarily driven by increased sales volume of our disposable sensors due to the continued growth of our worldwide customer base. We added approximately 500,000 - 600,000 net customers, excluding Stelo customers, to our worldwide customer base in 2024. The increase in revenue was offset by pricing headwinds due to greater rebate eligibility and channel mix.
             
              Disposable sensor and other revenue comprised approximately 97% of total revenue and Reusable Hardware revenue comprised approximately 3% of total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Disposable sensor and other revenue comprised approximately 94% of total revenue and Reusable Hardware revenue comprised approximately 6% of total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
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| Cost of sales & Gross profit | 
              Cost of sales and gross profit increased primarily due to an increase in sales volume driven by the addition of approximately 500,000 - 600,000 net customers, excluding Stelo customers, to our worldwide customer base in 2024.
             
              The decrease in gross profit margin percentage in 2025 compared to 2024 was primarily driven by inefficiencies associated with ensuring supply availability, build configurations that lowered production yield, and total replacement costs.
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              Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to
             
              Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
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| Research and development expense | 
              Research and development expense increased primarily due to $37.1 million in higher compensation and related costs, offset by $4.8 million in lower clinical trials, supplies, and other support costs.
             
              We continue to believe that focused investments in research and development are critical to our future growth and competitive position in the marketplace, and to the development of new and updated products and services that are central to our core business strategy.
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| Selling, general and administrative expense | 
              Selling, general and administrative expense increased primarily due to $77.7 million in higher compensation and related costs, partially driven by increased headcount, offset by $72.4 million in lower legal expense primarily related to a patent infringement lawsuit that was settled in December 2024.
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| Other income, net | 
              Other income, net, increased primarily due to $79.5 million in higher net gains on equity investments and $8.1 million in higher net foreign currency gains, offset by $15.3 million in lower interest and dividend income on our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities portfolio. The decrease in interest income was primarily related to a change in market interest rates.
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| Income tax expense | 
              The income tax expense recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily attributable to income tax expense from normal, recurring operations at an estimated annual effective tax rate of 22.5%, increased by discrete shortfalls recognized for share-based compensation for employees, net of nondeductible executive compensation, offset by the tax benefit related to the commencement of our Malaysia tax holiday.
             
              The income tax expense recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily attributable to income tax expense from normal, recurring operations at an estimated annual effective tax rate of 23.1%, partially offset by discrete excess tax benefits recognized for share-based compensation for employees, net of nondeductible executive compensation, the Verily milestone payment, and the impacts of certain foreign tax return filings.
             
              The increase in our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 is primarily attributable to impacts of shortfalls on share-based compensation, a non-recurring benefit related to the Verily milestone payment, offset by the tax benefit related to the commencement of our Malaysia tax holiday.
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| Liquidity and Capital Resources | ||
| Overview, Capital Resources, and Capital Requirements | ||
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              The evolution of the international expansion of our business and the revenue generated by sales of our approved products and any future products;
             | Our ability to efficiently scale our operations to meet demand for our current and any future products; | The success of our research and development efforts; | |||||||||||||||||||||
| The expenses we incur in manufacturing, developing, selling and marketing our products; | The costs, timing and risks of delays of additional regulatory approvals; | The costs of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights; | |||||||||||||||||||||
| The quality levels of our products and services; | The emergence of competing or complementary technological developments; | The terms and timing of any collaborative, licensing and other arrangements that we may establish; and | |||||||||||||||||||||
| The third-party reimbursement of our products for our customers; | The rate of progress and cost of our clinical trials and other development activities; | The acquisition of businesses, products and technologies and our ability to integrate and manage any acquired businesses, products and technologies. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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              Cash Flows
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              Nine Months Ended September 30,
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| (In millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | ||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 1,146.7 | $ | 688.1 | $ | 458.6 | |||||||||||
| Net cash provided by investing activities | 229.4 | 96.2 | 133.2 | ||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | (164.2) | (733.2) | 569.0 | ||||||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 17.7 | 3.8 | 13.9 | ||||||||||||||
| Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 1,229.6 | $ | 54.9 | $ | 1,174.7 | |||||||||||
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              Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
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| Operating Cash Flows | 
              $144.5 million increase in net income
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              $162.1 million increase in net non-cash adjustments primarily due to adjustments to deferred income taxes, partially offset by net (gains) losses on equity investments
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              $152.0 million increase in net changes in operating assets and liabilities primarily due to the timing of payables and changes in accrued payroll due to lower variable compensation payments, partially offset by the timing of sales and customer collections in accounts receivables
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| Investing Cash Flows | 
              $172.8 million increase in net proceeds from marketable securities due to the management of our liquidity
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| Financing Cash Flows | 
              $562.8 million decrease in cash used to repurchase our common stock
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| Recent Accounting Guidance | ||