Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Unless the context otherwise requires or indicates, references to "Holley," "we," "us," "our", and "the Company" in this section are to the business and operations of Holley Inc. and its subsidiaries. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with Holley's condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition to historical information, this discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that could cause Holley's actual results to differ materially from management's expectations. Factors that could cause such differences are discussed herein and under the caption, "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements."
Overview
We are a designer, marketer, and manufacturer of high-performance automotive aftermarket products serving car and truck enthusiasts, with sales, processing, and distribution facilities reaching most major markets in the United States, Canada, Europe, and China. Holley designs, markets, manufactures and distributes a diversified line of performance automotive products including fuel injection systems, tuners, exhaust products, carburetors, safety equipment and various other performance automotive products. Our products are designed to enhance street, off-road, recreational and competitive vehicle performance and safety.
Central to our business and growth strategy is a commitment to innovation. We have a history of developing innovative products, including new additions to existing product families, expansions of product lines, accessory offerings, and ventures into entirely new categories. We believe this strategic approach allows us to continually adapt to evolving consumer needs. Furthermore, strategic acquisitions have played a significant role in our evolution. These acquisitions have enabled us to expand our brand portfolio, enter new product categories and consumer segments, enhance DTC scale and connection, increase market share in existing product categories, and realize valuable revenue and cost synergies. While we anticipate continued organic growth, we intend to continue evaluating opportunities for strategic acquisitions that align with our current business, expanding our reach within the target market.
Factors Affecting our Performance
We believe that our performance and future success depend on a number of factors that present significant opportunities for us but also pose risks and challenges, including those discussed above, under the caption, "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, under the caption, "Risk Factors," in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on March 16, 2026, and in our subsequent filings with the SEC.
Business Environment
Our business and results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity are impacted by broad economic conditions including inflation, labor shortages, disruption of the supply chain, and potential tariffs, as well as by geopolitical events, including military conflicts (including the conflict in Ukraine, the conflict in the Middle East, and the possible expansion of such conflicts). Our operations have been adversely impacted, and may continue to be adversely impacted, by inflationary pressures primarily related to transportation, labor and component costs. In response to the global supply chain volatility and inflationary impacts, we have attempted to minimize potential adverse impacts on our business with cost savings initiatives, price increases to customers, and by increasing inventory levels of certain products and working closely with our suppliers and customers to minimize disruptions in delivering products to customers. Our profitability has been, and may continue to be, adversely affected by constrained consumer demand, a shift in sales mix to lower-margin products, which is offset by our cost cutting and operating efficiency gains. Should the ongoing macroeconomic conditions not improve, or worsen, or if our attempts to mitigate the impact on our supply chain, operations and costs is not successful, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.
Impact of Tariffs and International Trade Policy on Our Operations
In February 2025, the United States government began to impose new tariffs on imports from certain countries and regions, including China, Canada, Mexico, and the European Union. In response, some foreign
governments implemented retaliatory measures. These developments introduced new complexities to global supply chains. However, we believe Holley's business model and sourcing strategies have positioned us to manage these challenges effectively.
We believe that our international exposure is currently primarily centered in China. Tariffs on Chinese imports have been a factor in our sourcing strategies for several years, and we have proactively developed and implemented plans to mitigate their impact. These initiatives include, but are not limited to, conducting a harmonized tariff code audit to ensure accurate classification and compliance, changing to supplier locations outside of China, reshoring products to North America and exploring direct shipping from suppliers to international customers to reduce tariff exposure on goods entering the United States. We continue to evaluate additional strategies to further minimize the impact of tariffs on our operations.
Because our production costs are primarily U.S.-based and we have a broad product portfolio with a strong concentration of manufacturing and sourcing in the United States, we believe our U.S. focus enables us to better manage and mitigate the impact of tariffs on pricing more effectively than competitors who are less diversified and more reliant on single-source imports from China. During the second quarter of 2025, we undertook the initiatives discussed above to mitigate the economic impact of tariffs on our product portfolio. We believe these initiatives combined with our pricing actions have allowed us to successfully manage the impact of the latest tariff decisions. However, if current tariff levels are sustained or increased, there is a risk that our profitability, cash flows and estimates inherent in our financial statements could be negatively affected.
On February 20, 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court issued a ruling striking down certain tariffs previously imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ("IEEPA"). The ultimate availability, timing, and amount of any potential refunds of such tariffs remain highly uncertain and are subject to further legal, regulatory, and administrative developments. Accordingly, as of March 29, 2026, the Company has not recorded any benefit related to potential refunds of IEEPA tariffs paid. Following the Supreme Court's decision, the U.S. Administration announced its intention to invoke other laws to collect tariffs and announced new tariffs on imports from all countries, in addition to any existing non-IEEPA tariffs. There remains substantial uncertainty regarding the duration of existing and newly announced tariffs, potential changes or pauses to such tariffs, tariff levels, and whether further additional tariffs may be imposed, modified, or suspended, and the impacts of such actions on our business. There also remains substantial uncertainty regarding how countries with which the U.S. has negotiated or is in the process of negotiating tariff trade deals will respond to any further tariff actions by the U.S. Administration. We continue to monitor and evaluate these developments in order to analyze their impact on our business and identify possible actions to minimize adverse effects. The extent and duration of these tariffs, as well as their broader impact on macroeconomic conditions and our business, remain uncertain and will depend on a variety of factors outside of our control. Nevertheless, we remain committed to optimizing our operations, managing costs and leveraging our diversified supply chain to minimize the impact of tariffs on our results of operations and financial condition.
Known or Anticipated Trends
As part of our strategic plan, we have launched a portfolio optimization initiative through which we expect to exit non-core, low profit businesses while reinvesting in targeted mergers and acquisitions that align with our strategic priorities. The first divestiture under this initiative, the sale of our Arizona Desert Shocks ("ADS") business, was completed on April 18, 2026, and we continue to evaluate additional divestiture and acquisition opportunities that meet our strategic and financial criteria. See Note 18, "Subsequent Events" in the Notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report for more details.
For a more complete discussion of the risks facing our business, including risks related to our ability to execute our business strategy and to successfully integrate acquisitions or achieve the expected benefits from divestitures, see "Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Key Components of Results of Operations
Net Sales
The principal activity from which we generate our sales is the designing, marketing, manufacturing and distribution of performance aftermarket automotive parts for our end consumers. Sales are displayed net of rebates and sales returns allowances. Sales returns are recorded as a charge against gross sales in the period in which the related sales are recognized.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold consists primarily of the cost of purchased parts and manufactured products, including materials and direct labor costs. In addition, warranty, incoming shipping and handling and inspection and repair costs are also included within costs of goods sold. Reductions in the cost of inventory to its net realizable value are also a component of cost of goods sold.
Selling, General, and Administrative
Selling, general, and administrative costs consist of payroll and related personnel expenses, IT and office services, office rent expense and professional services. In addition, self-insurance, advertising, research and development, outgoing shipping costs, pre-production and start-up costs are also included within selling, general, and administrative. We have incurred additional expenses as a result of operating as a public company, including expenses necessary to comply with the rules and regulations applicable to companies listed on a national securities exchange and related to compliance and reporting obligations pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, as well as higher expenses for general and director and officer insurance, investor relations and other professional services.
Amortization of Intangible Assets
Amortization of intangible assets represents the non-cash expense related to the systematic write down of our definite-lived intangible assets.
Restructuring Costs
Restructuring costs include charges attributable to operational restructuring and integration activities, including professional and consulting services, termination related benefits, facilities relocation, and executive transition costs.
Interest Expense
Interest expense consists of interest due on the indebtedness under our credit facilities. Interest is based on SOFR or the base rate, at the Company's election, plus the applicable margin rate. As of March 29, 2026, $529.4 million was outstanding under our Credit Agreement.
Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liability
Change in fair value of warrant liability represents remeasurement gains or losses on outstanding warrant liabilities, driven primarily by changes in our stock price and related valuation inputs.
Change in Fair Value of Earn-out Liability
Change in fair value of earn-out liability reflects adjustments to contingent consideration based on revised expectations of earn-out performance and updated valuation assumptions.
Results of Operations
13-Week Period Ended March 29, 2026 Compared With 13-Week Period Ended March 30, 2025
The table below presents Holley's results of operations for the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 and March 30, 2025 (dollars in thousands):
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|
|
For the thirteen weeks ended
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|
|
March 29, 2026
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|
March 30, 2025
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Change ($)
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|
Change (%)
|
|
Net sales
|
$
|
147,330
|
|
|
$
|
153,044
|
|
|
$
|
(5,714)
|
|
|
(3.7)
|
%
|
|
Cost of goods sold
|
86,594
|
|
|
88,956
|
|
|
(2,362)
|
|
|
(2.7)
|
%
|
|
Gross profit
|
60,736
|
|
|
64,088
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|
|
(3,352)
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|
|
(5.2)
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%
|
|
Selling, general, and administrative
|
35,402
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|
|
36,699
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|
|
(1,297)
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|
|
(3.5)
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%
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Research and development costs
|
3,996
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|
4,093
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(97)
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(2.4)
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%
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Amortization of intangible assets
|
3,427
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|
3,532
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(105)
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(3.0)
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%
|
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Restructuring costs
|
875
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|
|
463
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|
|
412
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|
89.0
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%
|
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Other operating expense
|
(472)
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(42)
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(430)
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n/a
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Operating income
|
17,508
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|
|
19,343
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|
|
(1,835)
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|
(9.5)
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%
|
|
Change in fair value of warrant liability
|
(1,031)
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|
(73)
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(958)
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n/a
|
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Change in fair value of earn-out liability
|
(514)
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(185)
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(329)
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n/a
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Interest expense, net
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9,917
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|
|
15,708
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|
(5,791)
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(36.9)
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%
|
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Income before income taxes
|
9,136
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|
|
3,893
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|
|
5,243
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|
|
134.7
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%
|
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Income tax expense
|
1,879
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|
|
1,076
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|
|
803
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|
|
74.6
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%
|
|
Net income
|
7,257
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|
|
2,817
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|
|
4,440
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|
|
157.6
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%
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment
|
$
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(956)
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$
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(285)
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(671)
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|
|
235.5
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%
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Total comprehensive income
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$
|
6,301
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|
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$
|
2,532
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|
|
$
|
3,769
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|
|
148.8
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%
|
Net Sales
Net sales for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 decreased $5.7 million, or 3.7%, to $147.3 million, as compared to $153.0 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. Lower sales volume resulted in a decrease of approximately $14.2 million, offset partially by improved price realization of approximately $8.1 million compared to the prior year period.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 decreased $2.4 million, or 2.7%, to $86.6 million, as compared to $89.0 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. The decrease in cost of goods sold in the first quarter of 2026, a period in which product sales decreased 3.7%, was due to lower sales volume and improved operational initiatives across facility efficiencies.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Gross profit for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 decreased $3.4 million, or 5.2%, to $60.7 million, as compared to $64.1 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. Gross margin for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 was 41.2% as compared to a gross margin of 41.9% for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. Gross profit margin decreased slightly due to fixed cost deleverage on lower new sales volume partially offset by improvements in operating efficiency.
Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative costs for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 decreased $1.3 million, or 3.5%, to $35.4 million, as compared to $36.7 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. Selling, general and administrative costs expressed as a percentage of sales remained the same at 24.0% for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 compared to 24.0% for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. The decrease in selling, general and administrative costs was due to greater efficiency on legal and marketing spend combined with lower outbound freight costs on reduced sales volume.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 slightly decreased to $4.0 million as compared to $4.1 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025, primarily due to a decrease in salaries.
Amortization and Impairment of Intangible Assets
Amortization of intangible assets was $3.4 million for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 compared to $3.5 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. Amortization decreased slightly due to tradenames with higher amortization expense in the prior year that became fully amortized.
Restructuring Costs
Restructuring costs for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 increased by $0.4 million to $0.9 million, as compared to $0.5 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025, reflecting restructuring and integration activities associated with our implementation of resource allocation efforts in support of portfolio development optimization.
Operating Income
As a result of factors described above, operating income for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 decreased $1.8 million, or 9.5%, to $17.5 million, as compared to $19.3 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025.
Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liability
For the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 and March 30, 2025, we recognized a gain of $1.0 million and a gain of $0.1 million, respectively. The warrant liability reflects the fair value of the Warrants issued in connection with the Business Combination.
Change in Fair Value of Earn-Out Liability
For the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 and March 30, 2025, we recognized a gain of $0.5 million and a gain of $0.2 million, respectively. The earn-out liability reflects the fair value of the unvested Earn-Out Shares resulting from the Business Combination.
Interest Expense
Interest expense for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 decreased $5.8 million, or 36.9%, to $9.9 million, as compared to $15.7 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. The decrease was primarily attributable to changes in the fair value of the interest rate collar, which decreased interest expense by $1.0 million during the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026, compared to an increase to interest expense of $3.8 million the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. Additionally, the interest expense decrease resulted from a decrease in our outstanding debt balance.
Income before Income Taxes
As a result of factors described above, we recognized $9.1 million of income before income taxes and $3.9 million of income before income taxes for the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 and March 30, 2025, respectively.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 was $1.9 million, as compared to income tax expense of $1.1 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. Our effective tax rate for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 was 20.6%. The difference between the effective tax rate for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 and the federal statutory rate in 2026 was due to permanent differences related to changes in fair value of warrant and earn-out liabilities recognized during the period, the benefit from the foreign derived intangible income (FDII) deduction, federal research and development tax credits, state taxes, and the impact of foreign taxes in higher tax rate jurisdictions. The effective tax rate for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025 was 27.6%. The difference between the effective tax rate for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025 and the federal statutory rate in 2025 was due to permanent differences related to changes in fair value of the warrant and earn-out liabilities recognized during the period, state taxes, and the impact of foreign taxes in higher rate jurisdictions.
Net Income and Total Comprehensive Loss
As a result of factors described above, we recognized net income of $7.3 million and net income of $2.8 million for the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 and March 30, 2025, respectively. Additionally, we recognized total comprehensive income of $6.3 million for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026, as compared to total comprehensive income of $2.5 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. Comprehensive income includes the effect of foreign currency translation adjustments.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We present certain information with respect to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, and Free Cash Flow as supplemental measures of our operating performance and believe that such non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to investors, because they exclude the impact of certain items that we do not consider indicative of our ongoing operating performance and we believe are useful in comparing our results of operations between periods. We believe that the presentation of such non-GAAP measures enhance the usefulness of our financial information by presenting measures that management uses internally to establish forecasts, budgets and operational goals to manage and monitor our business. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures help to depict a more realistic representation of the performance of our underlying business, enabling us to evaluate and plan more effectively for the future.
EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, and Free Cash Flow are not prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. These measures should not be considered as measures of financial performance under U.S. GAAP, and the items excluded from or included in these metrics are significant components in understanding and assessing our financial performance. These metrics should not be considered as alternatives to net income, gross profit, net cash provided by operating activities, or any other performance measures, as applicable, derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Adjusted EBITDA
We define EBITDA as earnings before depreciation, amortization of intangible assets, interest expense, and income tax expense. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA adjusted to exclude, to the extent applicable, acquisition and restructuring costs, which includes operational restructuring and integration activities, termination related benefits, facilities relocation, and executive transition costs; changes in the fair value of the warrant liability; changes in the fair value of the earn-out liability; equity-based compensation expense; notable items that we do not believe are reflective of our underlying operating performance, including litigation settlements, transformative consulting fees and certain costs incurred for advisory services related to identifying
performance initiatives; and other expenses or gains, which includes gains or losses from disposal of fixed assets, franchise taxes, and gains or losses from foreign currency transactions. We define Adjusted EBITDA Margin as Adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales.
The following unaudited table presents the reconciliation of net income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin for the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 and March 30, 2025 (dollars in thousands):
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the thirteen weeks ended
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|
|
March 29, 2026
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|
March 30, 2025
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
7,257
|
|
|
$
|
2,817
|
|
|
Adjustments:
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|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
2,524
|
|
|
2,299
|
|
|
Amortization of intangible assets
|
3,427
|
|
|
3,532
|
|
|
Interest expense, net
|
9,917
|
|
|
15,708
|
|
|
Income tax expense
|
1,879
|
|
|
1,076
|
|
|
EBITDA
|
25,004
|
|
|
25,432
|
|
|
Change in fair value of warrant liability
|
(1,031)
|
|
|
(73)
|
|
|
Change in fair value of earn-out liability
|
(514)
|
|
|
(185)
|
|
|
Equity-based compensation expense
|
1,731
|
|
|
1,495
|
|
|
Restructuring costs
|
875
|
|
|
463
|
|
|
Notable items
|
1,728
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
Other operating income
|
(472)
|
|
|
(42)
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA
|
$
|
27,321
|
|
|
$
|
27,290
|
|
|
Net sales
|
$
|
147,330
|
|
|
$
|
153,044
|
|
|
Net income margin
|
4.9
|
%
|
|
1.8
|
%
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA Margin
|
18.5
|
%
|
|
17.8
|
%
|
Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS
We define Adjusted Net Income as earnings excluding the after-tax effect of changes in the fair value of the warrant liability, changes in the fair value of the earn-out liability, impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, loss on sale of assets, and gain or loss on the early extinguishment of debt. We define Adjusted Diluted EPS as Adjusted Net Income on a per share basis. Management uses these measures to focus on on-going operations and believes that it is useful to investors because it enables them to perform meaningful comparisons of past and present consolidated operating results. We believe that using this information, along with net income and net income per diluted share, provides for a more complete analysis of the results of operations.
The following unaudited tables present the reconciliation of net income and net income per diluted share, the most directly comparable GAAP measures, to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS for the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 and March 30, 2025 (dollars in thousands):
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the thirteen weeks ended
|
|
|
March 29, 2026
|
|
March 30, 2025
|
|
Net Income
|
$
|
7,257
|
|
|
$
|
2,817
|
|
|
Special items:
|
|
|
|
|
Adjust for: Change in fair value of warrant liability
|
(1,031)
|
|
|
(73)
|
|
|
Adjust for: Change in fair value of earn-out liability
|
(514)
|
|
|
(185)
|
|
|
Adjusted Net Income
|
$
|
5,712
|
|
|
$
|
2,559
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the thirteen weeks ended
|
|
|
March 29, 2026
|
|
March 30, 2025
|
|
Net income per diluted share
|
$
|
0.06
|
|
|
$
|
0.02
|
|
|
Special items:
|
|
|
|
|
Adjust for: Change in fair value of warrant liability
|
(0.01)
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
Adjusted Diluted EPS
|
$
|
0.05
|
|
|
$
|
0.02
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Free Cash Flow
We define Free Cash Flow as net cash provided by operating activities minus cash payments for capital expenditures, net of dispositions. Management believes providing Free Cash Flow is useful for investors to understand our performance and results of cash generation after making capital investments required to support ongoing business operations.
The following unaudited table presents the reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, to Free Cash Flow for the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 and March 30, 2025 (dollars in thousands):
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the thirteen weeks ended
|
|
|
March 29, 2026
|
|
March 30, 2025
|
|
Net cash used in operating activities
|
$
|
(2,857)
|
|
|
$
|
(7,850)
|
|
|
Capital expenditures
|
(3,471)
|
|
|
(2,980)
|
|
|
Free Cash Flow
|
$
|
(6,328)
|
|
|
$
|
(10,830)
|
|
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary cash needs are to support working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, and debt repayments. We have generally financed our historical needs with operating cash flows, capital contributions and borrowings under our credit facilities. These sources of liquidity may be impacted by various factors, including demand for our products, investments made in acquired businesses, plant and equipment and other capital expenditures, and expenditures on general infrastructure and information technology.
On March 29, 2026, the Company had cash of $33.1 million and availability of $87.5 million under its $100.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility. As of March 29, 2026, the Company had $2.5 million in letters of credit and $10.0 million in borrowings outstanding under the revolving credit facility.
On March 18, 2026, the Company acquired HRX S.r.l., an Italian motorsports racewear brand, for a purchase price funded through a combination of borrowings under the Company's revolving credit facility and cash on hand. The acquisition impacted the Company's liquidity position as reflected in the March 29, 2026 cash and revolver balances noted above. The Company believes its existing cash balances, together with availability under its revolving credit facility, will be sufficient to fund its operating requirements, capital expenditures, and debt service obligations for the foreseeable future. See Note 2, "Acquisition" in the Notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information related to the Company's acquisition of HRX.
The Company is obligated under various operating leases for facilities, equipment and automobiles with estimated lease payments of approximately $6.8 million, including short term leases, due during the remainder of fiscal year 2026. See Note 15, "Lease Commitments" in the Notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information related to the Company's lease obligations.
See Note 7, "Debt" in the Notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further detail of our credit facility and the timing of principal maturities. As of March 29,
2026, based on the then current weighted average interest rate of 7.5%, expected interest payments associated with outstanding debt totaled approximately $30.7 million for the remainder of fiscal year 2026.
As discussed under "Business Environment" above, although the future impact of supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures are highly uncertain, we believe that cash generated through our current operating performance, and our operating plans, cash position, and borrowings available under our revolving credit facility, will be sufficient to satisfy our liquidity needs and capital expenditure requirements for the next 12 months and thereafter for the foreseeable future.
Cash Flows
The following table provides a summary of cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):
13-week period ended March 29, 2026 Compared With 13-week period ended March 30, 2025
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For the thirteen weeks ended
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March 29, 2026
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March 30, 2025
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Cash flows used in operating activities
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$
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(2,857)
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$
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(7,850)
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Cash flows used in investing activities
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(9,817)
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(7,740)
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Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities
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9,004
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(2,370)
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Effect of foreign currency rate fluctuations on cash
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(495)
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941
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Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
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$
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(4,165)
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$
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(17,019)
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Operating Activities. Net cash used in operating activities for the 13-week period ended March 29, 2026 was $2.9 million compared to net cash used in operating activities of $7.9 million for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025. Cash used in operating activities included, but not limited to, negative fluctuations in prepaids and other assets, accounts payable, and inventories of $13.4 million, $4.1 million, and $4.0 million, respectively. Partially offsetting the decrease were positive fluctuations from accounts receivable, accrued and other liabilities, and accrued interest of $14.8 million, $9.2 million, and $3.8 million, respectively.
Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities for the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 and March 30, 2025 was $9.8 million and $7.7 million, respectively, due to the cash payments related to the HRX acquisition in March 2026 and the acquisition of the perpetual license agreement with Cataclean in January 2025.
Financing Activities. Net cash provided by financing activities for the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 was $9.0 million, which primarily reflects borrowings under revolving credit agreement and deferred financing fees. The borrowings under revolving credit agreement during the 13-week periods ended March 29, 2026 totaled $10.0 million. Cash used in financing activities for the 13-week period ended March 30, 2025 was $2.4 million, which primarily reflects prepayments of principal of $1.8 million on the first lien term loan.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, sales, expenses and related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates, judgments and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Our actual results could differ from these estimates. For a discussion of our critical accounting estimates, refer to the section entitled "Critical Accounting Estimates" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on March 16, 2026. For further information see also Note 1, "Description of the Business, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in the Notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. There have been no material changes to the Company's critical accounting estimates included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For a discussion of Holley's new or recently adopted accounting pronouncements, see Note 1, "Description of the Business, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," in the Notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.