Quarterly Report for Quarter Ending September 30, 2025 (Form 10-Q)

MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited financial statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 and the related Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both of which are contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed on March 25, 2025.

Cautionary Statement

This Management's Discussion and Analysis includes a number of forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") that reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. Forward-looking statements are often identified by words like "believe," "expect," "plan," "estimate," "anticipate," "intend," "project," "will," "predicts," "seeks," "may," "would," "could," "potential," "continue," "ongoing," "should" and similar expressions, or words which, by their nature, refer to future events. You should not place undue certainty on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this Form 10-Q. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results or from our predictions, including those risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, this Form 10-Q and in our other public filings. We undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Overview

CKX Lands, Inc., a Louisiana corporation, began operations in 1930 under the name Calcasieu Real Estate & Oil Co., Inc. It was originally organized as a spin-off by a bank operating in southwest Louisiana. The purpose of the spin-off was to form an entity to hold non-producing mineral interests which regulatory authorities required the bank to charge off. Over the years, as some of the mineral interests began producing, the Company used part of the proceeds to acquire land. In 1990, the Company made its largest acquisition when it was one of four purchasers who bought a fifty percent undivided interest in approximately 35,575 acres in southwest Louisiana.

Today the Company's income is derived from mineral royalties, timber sales and surface payments from its lands. CKX receives income from royalty interests and mineral leases related to oil and gas production, timber sales, land sales and surface rents. Although CKX is active in the management of its land and planting and harvesting its timber, CKX is passive in the production of income from oil and gas production in that CKX does not explore for oil and gas or operate wells. These oil and gas activities are performed by unrelated third parties.

CKX leases its property to oil and gas operators and collects income through its land ownership in the form of oil and gas royalties and lease rentals and geophysical revenues. The Company's oil and gas income fluctuates as new oil and gas production is discovered on Company land and then ultimately depletes or becomes commercially uneconomical to produce. The volatility in the daily commodity pricing of a barrel of oil or a thousand cubic feet, or "MCF," of gas will also cause fluctuations in the Company's oil and gas income. These commodity prices are affected by numerous factors and uncertainties external to CKX's business and over which it has no control, including the global supply and demand for oil and gas, and domestic and global economic conditions, among other factors.

CKX has small royalty interests in 20 different producing oil and gas fields. The size of each royalty interest is determined by the Company's net ownership in the acreage unit for the well. CKX's royalty interests range from 0.0045% for the smallest to 7.62% for the largest. As the Company does not own or operate the wells, it does not have access to any reserve information. Eventually, the oil and gas reserves under the Company's current land holdings will be depleted.

Timber income is derived from sales of timber on Company lands. The Company's timber income will fluctuate depending on our ability to secure stumpage agreements in the regional markets, timber stand age, and/or stumpage commodity prices. Timber is a renewable resource that the Company actively manages.

Surface income is earned from various recurring and non-recurring sources. Recurring surface income is earned from lease arrangements for farming, recreational and commercial uses. Non-recurring surface income can include such activities as pipeline right of ways, and temporary worksite rentals.

In managing its lands, the Company relies on and has established relationships with real estate, forestry, environmental and agriculture consultants as well as attorneys with legal expertise in general corporate matters, real estate, and minerals.

The Company actively searches for additional real estate for purchase in Louisiana with a focus on southwest Louisiana and on timberland and agricultural land. When evaluating unimproved real estate for purchase, the Company will consider numerous characteristics including but not limited to, timber fitness, agriculture fitness, future development opportunities and/or mineral potential. When evaluating improved real estate for purchase, the Company will consider characteristics including, but not limited to, geographic location, quality of existing revenue streams, and/or quality of the improvements.

The Company's Board of Directors regularly evaluates a range of strategic alternatives that could increase shareholder value, and the Board and management conduct due diligence activities in connection with such alternatives. These include opportunities for growth though the acquisitions of land or other assets, business combinations, dispositions of assets and reinvestment of the proceeds, and other alternatives.

On August 21, 2023, the Company announced that the Board had determined to initiate a formal process to evaluate strategic alternatives for the Company to enhance value for stockholders and had retained a financial advisor in connection with the process.

On April 18, 2024, the Company provided an update on the process, noting that it had received preliminary indications of interest from multiple parties related to the potential acquisition of the Company or its assets, and that the Company and its advisors were working with a select group of these parties to provide them with additional information. The Board has formed a subcommittee to provide oversight and management of the process.

Since the April 18, 2024 update, management and the Board subcommittee, together with the Company's financial advisors, have continued working with interested parties.

As part of management's desire to maximize value for shareholders through this process, the Company expects to seek to partition, in kind or by sale, ownership of its undivided interests in lands co-owned with others. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in reaching a negotiated partition of its co-owned acreage that would avoid the need to seek partition in court.

Additionally, a sale of the Company or all or substantially all of its assets would be subject to a number of conditions and contingencies, including the approval of the Company's shareholders. There can be no assurance that this process will result in the successful negotiation of a definitive agreement for a transaction or any other strategic outcome, or that the Board will recommend that CKX's shareholders approve any transaction.

As disclosed in the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 15, 2025, and as discussed below, the Company entered into an Agreement of Purchase and Sale on August 14, 2025, for the sale, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the agreement, of approximately 7,014 acres of land wholly-owned by the Company in several parishes of the State of Louisiana.

Recent Developments

In 2019, the Company began developing several ranchette-style subdivisions on certain of its lands in Calcasieu and Beauregard Parishes using existing road rights of way. The Company has identified demand in those areas for ranchette-style lots, which consist of more than three acres each, and the Board of Directors and management believe this project will allow the Company to realize a return on its investment in the applicable lands after payment of expenses. The Company has completed and recorded plans for three subdivisions. The three subdivisions are located on approximately 415 acres in Calcasieu Parish and approximately 160 acres in Beauregard Parish and contain an aggregate of 39 lots. As of September 30, 2025, the Company has closed on the sale of 24 of the 39 lots. As of the date of this report the Company is actively marketing the remaining lots.

The Company is working to identify additional undeveloped acres owned by the Company in Southwest Louisiana that would likewise be suitable for residential subdivisions.

During 2024, the Company closed on the sale of one 25-acre ranchette lot in which it had a 100% ownership interest for net proceeds to the Company of $140,582. During the nine months ended September 2025, the Company closed on the sale of two 25-acre lots and one 53-acre lot in Calcasieu parish in which it had a 100% ownership interest for net proceeds to the Company of $499,228, inclusive of a gain on the sales of $275,399.

In August 2025, the Company entered into an Agreement of Purchase and Sale to sell approximately 7,014 acres of land located in multiple Louisiana parishes for $9.2 million in cash. The transaction is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2025, subject to customary conditions. The land has been reclassified as "Assets Held for Sale" as of the agreement date. We anticipate using the proceeds to strengthen our balance sheet and evaluate strategic opportunities. Until closing, we retain timber harvesting rights under the agreement. We do not expect the transaction to materially impact ongoing operations. The sale may result in a gain or loss depending on final closing adjustments and costs.

Results of Operations

Summary of Results

The Company's results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were driven primarily by increases in oil and gas and timber revenues as well as a decrease in general and administrative expenses, offset by a decrease in surface revenues. The decrease in general and administrative expenses is primarily due to a decrease in professional expenses and salaries and wages, while the decrease in surface revenues is primarily due to lower right of way income during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Revenue -Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

Total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2025 were $232,639, a decrease of approximately 35.8% when compared with the same period in 2024. Total revenue consists of oil and gas, timber, and surface revenues. Components of revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to 2024, are as follows:

		Three Months Ended September 30,
		2025				2024				Change from Prior Year				Percent Change from Prior Year
Revenues:
Oil and gas		$	47,135			$	73,340			$	(26,205	)			(35.7	)%
Timber sales			94,825				18,883				75,942				402.2	%
Surface revenue			90,679				79,046				11,633				14.7	%
Total revenues		$	232,639			$	171,269			$	61,370				35.8	%

Oil and Gas

Oil and gas revenues were 20% and 43% of total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

CKX received oil and/or gas revenues from 78 and 64 wells during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Oil and gas revenues decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024, by $26,205. The decrease was due to a decrease in the average oil sales and average gas sales prices as well as a decrease in net oil and gas produced.

Timber

Timber revenue was $94,825 and $18,883 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in timber revenues was due to normal business variations in timber customers' harvesting.

Surface

Surface revenues increased for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024, by $11,633. The increase in surface revenue was due to higher oil and gas delay rental income and higher surface lease income, as well as one small right of way payment received in the current quarter.

Revenue -Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

Total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 were $716,759, a decrease of approximately 46.5% when compared with the same period in 2024. Total revenue consists of oil and gas, timber, and surface revenues. Components of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to 2024, are as follows:

		Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2024				2023				Change from Prior Year				Percent Change from Prior Year
Revenues:
Oil and gas		$	373,131			$	316,986			$	56,145				17.7	%
Timber sales			94,825				21,158				73,667				348.2	%
Surface revenue			248,803				1,002,406				(753,603	)			(75.2	)%
Total revenues		$	716,759			$	1,340,550			$	(623,791	)			(46.5	)%

Oil and Gas

Oil and gas revenues were 52% and 24% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

CKX received oil and/or gas revenues from 78 and 64 wells during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Oil and gas revenues increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024, by $56,145. The increase was due to an increase in the net oil and gas produced as well as an increase in the average gas sales price, slightly offset by a decrease in the average oil sales price.

Timber

Timber revenue was $94,825 and $21,158 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in timber revenues was due to normal business variations in timber customers' harvesting.

Surface

Surface revenues decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024, by $753,603. The decrease in surface revenue was due to lower right of way income during the nine month current period versus the prior year.

Costs and Expenses - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

Oil and gas costs decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024 by $7,301. Oil and gas costs increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024 by $3,071. Oil and gas costs fluctuated proportionately with increased or decreased production.

Timber costs decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024, by $2,052. Timber costs decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024, by $6,127. Timber costs are related to general management of the Company's timberland. The decrease is primarily due to decreased timber management costs.

General and administrative expenses increased for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024, by $19,832. This is primarily due to an increase in legal fees. General and administrative expenses decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024, by $684,850. This is primarily due to a decrease in professional expenses and salaries and wages.

Gain on Sale of Land - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

Gain on sale of land was $275,399 and $140,582 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, this consisted of the sale of one 25-acre lot in Calcasieu parish. There were no land sales for the three months ended September 30, 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, this consisted of the sale of two 25-acre ranchette lots and one 53-acre lot in Calcasieu parish. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, this consisted of the sale of one 25-acre ranchette lot in Calcasieu parish.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources of Liquidity

Current assets totaled $14,744,240 and current liabilities equaled $281,098 at September 30, 2025.

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had no outstanding debt.

In the opinion of management, cash and cash equivalents are adequate for projected operations and possible land acquisitions.

The Company's Board of Directors regularly evaluates a range of strategic alternatives that could increase shareholder value, and the Board and management conduct due diligence activities in connection with such alternatives. These include opportunities for growth though the acquisitions of land or other assets or business combinations, dispositions of assets and reinvestment of the proceeds, and other alternatives. The cost and terms of any financing to be raised in conjunction with any growth opportunity, including the Company's ability to raise debt or equity capital on terms and at costs satisfactory to the Company, and the effect of such opportunities on the Company's balance sheet, are critical considerations in any such evaluation.

Analysis of Cash Flows

Net cash provided by operating activities was $336,296 and $107,406 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in cash provided by operating activities was attributable to an increase in net income as well as a greater increase in current liabilities, which resulted in a favorable impact on operating cash flows.

Net cash provided by investing activities was $4,241,631 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, while net cash used in investing activities was $4,126,604 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, this resulted from purchases of certificates of deposits of $6,750,837, offset by the maturity of certificates of deposit of $10,493,240 and proceeds from the sale of fixed assets of $499,228. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, this resulted from purchases of certificates of deposits of $7,340,723, offset by the maturity of certificates of deposit of $3,073,537 and proceeds from the sale of fixed assets of $140,582.

Net cash used in financing activities was $147,614 and $208,854 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, this resulted from repurchases of common stock.

Significant Accounting Polices and Estimates

There were no changes in our significant accounting policies and estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 from those set forth in "Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Recent Accounting Pronouncements, to our condensed financial statements included in this report for information regarding recently issued accounting pronouncements that may impact our financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, financings, or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons, also known as "special purpose entities" (SPEs).