France's agricultural biotechnology sector operates under strict regulations and faces significant public opposition, limiting its development despite growing discussions about agricultural innovation and food security driven by climate change and global challenges. While the country is a leader in medical biotechnology, agricultural biotechnology remains underfunded, tightly controlled, and widely unpopular. The government permits the import of genetically engineered (GE) products for animal feed but prohibits their cultivation and restricts research. However, interest in New Breeding Techniques (NBTs) is increasing, reflecting broader trends across the European Union as stakeholders explore solutions to address climate-related and food security concerns.