Stem Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results (Form 8-K)

Stem Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results

Delivered Transformative 2025, Achieving First-Ever Full Year Positive Adjusted EBITDA

Software-Centric Strategy Drives Revenue Growth, Record Margins, and Significant Cost Reductions

Introducing 2026 Guidance, Targeting ~85% Adjusted EBITDA Growth and 10% ARR Expansion

Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Financial and Operating Highlights

Financial Highlights - Full Year 2025

•Revenue of $156.3 million, up 8% from $144.6 million for FY24

•Software, services, and edge hardware revenue of $141.4 million, up 25% from $113.2 million for FY24

•GAAP gross profit of $60.0 million, up from $(11.1) million for FY24

•Non-GAAP gross profit of $72.3 million, up from $63.7 million for FY24

•GAAP gross margin of 38%, versus (8)% for FY24

•Non-GAAP gross margin of 46%, versus 35% for FY24

•Net income of $137.8 million versus net loss of $854.0 million for FY24

•Adjusted EBITDA of $6.7 million versus $(22.8) million for FY24

•Operating cash flow of $6.9 million versus $(36.7) million for FY24

Financial Highlights - Fourth Quarter 2025

•Revenue of $47.2 million, down 15% from $55.8 million in 4Q24

•Software, services, and edge hardware revenue of $46.5 million, up 62% from $28.8 million in 4Q24

•GAAP gross profit of $23.2 million, up from $(2.5) million in 4Q24

•Non-GAAP gross profit of $20.9 million, up from $20.2 million in 4Q24

•GAAP gross margin of 49%, up from (4)% in 4Q24

•Non-GAAP gross margin of 45%, up from 36% in 4Q24

•Net loss of $16.0 million versus net loss of $51.1 million in 4Q24

•Adjusted EBITDA of $5.5 million versus $4.2 million in 4Q24

•Operating cash flow of $8.2 million versus $(14.7) million in 4Q24

•Ended 4Q25 with $48.9 million in cash and cash equivalents versus $43.1 million in 3Q25

Operating Highlights - Fourth Quarter 2025 and Full Year 2025

•Bookings of $32.7 million in 4Q25, down 13% from $37.6 million in 4Q24

•Bookings of $131.8 million in FY25, up 14% from $115.9 million in FY24

•Contracted backlog of $21.3 million at end of 4Q25, up 2% from $20.9 million at end of 4Q24

•Contracted Annual Recurring Revenue ("CARR") of $67.2 million, down 4% from $70.1 million at the end of 3Q25 and up 4% from $64.5 million at the end of 4Q24

•Annual recurring revenue ("ARR") of $61.1 million, up 1% from $60.2 million at the end of 3Q25 and up 16% from $52.8 million at the end of 4Q24

•Solar operating AUM of 36.1 gigawatts ("GW"), up 6% from 33.9 GW at the end of 3Q25 and 21% from 29.9 GW at the end of 4Q24

•Storage operating assets under management ("AUM") of 1.7 gigawatt hours ("GWh"), down slightly from 1.8 GWh at the end of 3Q25 and 1.8 GWh the end of 4Q24

HOUSTON - March 4, 2026 - Stem, Inc. ("Stem," "we," or the "Company") (NYSE: STEM), a global leader in artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled clean energy software and services, today announced its financial results for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025.

"2025 was a transformative year that fundamentally reshaped Stem into a software-centric, operationally disciplined organization," stated Arun Narayanan, Chief Executive Officer of Stem. "We delivered on every commitment we made, successfully launched two innovative products, PowerTrack™ EMS and PowerTrack Sage, and established the operational foundation to support sustainable growth. Most importantly, we've positioned Stem to capitalize on what we view as the massive clean energy opportunity ahead. In 2026, we are focused on continuing to strengthen our core business while developing new products and offerings, driving operational leverage, and building the foundation for accelerated growth in 2027 and beyond."

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"In 2025 we met guidance across all metrics. Our revenue growth, operational discipline, and dedication to cost management drove adjusted EBITDA and operating cash flow above the top end of our guidance ranges and enabled us to achieve our first positive annual performance for these critical metrics in company history," stated Brian Musfeldt, Chief Financial Officer of Stem. "Looking ahead, I am encouraged to report that the 2026 guidance introduced today is expected to result in approximately 85% growth in adjusted EBITDA and 10% growth in ARR, demonstrating the operating leverage of our transformed, software-centric business model."

Key Financial Results and Operating Metrics

(in $ millions unless otherwise noted):

			Three Months Ended December 31,												Twelve Months Ended December 31,
			2025						2024						2025						2024
Key Financial Results (1)
Revenue			$	47.2					$	55.8					$	156.3					$	144.6
GAAP Gross Profit (Loss)			$	23.2					$	(2.5)					$	60.0					$	(11.1)
GAAP Gross Margin (%)			49		%				(4)		%				38		%				(8)		%
Non-GAAP Gross Profit*			$	20.9					$	20.2					$	72.3					$	63.7
Non-GAAP Gross Margin (%)*			45		%				36		%				46		%				35		%
Net (Loss) Income			$	(16.0)					$	(51.1)					$	137.8					$	(854.0)
Adjusted EBITDA*			$	5.5					$	4.2					$	6.7					$	(22.8)
Key Operating Metrics
Bookings(2)			$	32.7					$	37.6					$	131.8					$	115.9
Contracted Backlog(3)**			$	21.3					$	20.9					$	21.3					$	20.9
CARR(4)**			$	67.2					$	64.5					$	67.2					$	64.5
ARR(5)**			$	61.1					$	52.8					$	61.1					$	52.8
Solar Operating AUM (in GW)(6)**			36.1						29.9						36.1						29.9
Storage Operating AUM (in GWh)(7)**			1.7						1.8						1.7						1.8

(1) As previously disclosed, revenue, gross profit (loss), and net income (loss) were negatively impacted by a $38.7 million net reduction in revenue during the year ended December 31, 2024, and by excess supplier costs, as discussed below.

(2) Beginning with our Q1 2025 Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company defines "Bookings" as the total value of executed purchase orders. Previously, this metric included all relevant executed contracts, regardless of whether or not a related purchase order had been executed.

(3) Beginning with our Q1 2025 Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company defines "Contracted Backlog" as the total value of hardware and non-recurring services bookings with executed purchase orders in dollars, as of a specific date. Previously, this metric included the total contract value of hardware, software and services contracts recognized ratably over the contract period, regardless of whether or not a related purchase order had been executed.

(4) Beginning with our Q1 2025 Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company defines "CARR" as the annualized value from Stem customer subscription contracts with executed purchase orders signed in the period for systems that are not yet operating and all operating Stem customer subscription contracts, including solar software, storage software & recurring managed services, and some recurring professional services contracts. Previously, this metric included the annualized value from all executed Stem customer subscription contracts, regardless of whether or not a related purchase order had been executed.

(5) Represents annualized recurring revenue from operating customer subscription contracts, including solar software, storage software & recurring managed services, and any recurring professional services contracts.

(6) Total GW of solar systems in operation.

(7) Represents total GWh of energy storage systems in operation. Contracted storage AUM from prior periods has been replaced with this metric.

*Non-GAAP financial measures. Adjusted EBITDA and non-GAAP gross profit and margin for the 12 months ended December 31, 2024 have been adjusted to exclude the impact of the previously disclosed reductions in revenue and excess supplier costs, as discussed below. Adjusted EBITDA for the 12 months ended December 31, 2024 has been adjusted to exclude the impact of impairment of accounts receivable related to contracts that provided parent company guarantees, as discussed below. See the section below titled "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for details and the section below titled "Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for reconciliations.

**At period end.

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Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Financial and Operating Results

Financial Results

Fourth quarter 2025 revenue decreased 15% to $47.2 million, versus $55.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2024, as expected, due to significantly reduced battery hardware sales, attributable in part to the Company's software-focused strategy introduced in 2024.

Full year 2025 revenue increased 8% to $156.3 million versus $144.6 million in full year 2024. Reported full year 2024 revenue reflects a $38.7 million reduction due to updated valuations in 2024 of certain contract guarantees for hardware revenue originally recorded in 2022 and 2023. Core revenue from software, services, and edge hardware was $141.4 million for full year 2025, up 25% from $113.2 million for the full year 2024.

Fourth quarter 2025 GAAP gross profit (loss) was $23.2 million, or 49%, versus $(2.5) million, or (4)%, in the fourth quarter of 2024. Full year 2025 GAAP gross profit (loss) was $60.0 million, or 38%, versus $(11.1) million, or (8)% for the full year 2024. The year-over-year increase in the fourth quarter and full year 2025 GAAP gross profit was due to increased higher-margin software, services, and edge hardware sales and significantly decreased lower-margin battery hardware sales.

Fourth quarter 2025 non-GAAP gross profit was $20.9 million, or 45%, versus $20.2 million, or 36%, in the fourth quarter of 2024. Full year 2025 non-GAAP gross profit was $72.3 million, or 46% versus full year 2024 non-GAAP gross profit of $63.7 million, or 35%. The increase in non-GAAP gross profit for the fourth quarter and full year 2025 was primarily due to increased higher-margin software, services, and edge hardware sales and decreased lower-margin battery hardware sales.

Fourth quarter 2025 net loss was $16.0 million versus fourth quarter 2024 net loss of $51.1 million. Full year 2025 net income was $137.8 million versus full year 2024 net loss of $854.0 million. The year-over-year change in net loss for the fourth quarter and full year of 2025 was primarily driven by a $220.0 million gain on extinguishment of debt in the second quarter of 2025, $104.1 million of bad debt expense associated with impairment of receivables related to customer contracts that provided a parent company guarantee in the third quarter of 2024, and a one-time, $547.2 million impairment of goodwill reported during the second quarter of 2024.

Fourth quarter 2025 adjusted EBITDA was $5.5 million, compared to $4.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2024. Full year 2025 adjusted EBITDA was $6.7 million compared to $(22.8) million in full year 2024. The year-over-year improvement in adjusted EBITDA for the fourth quarter and full year 2025 was primarily driven by improved margins and significantly lower operating expenses resulting from ongoing cost reduction and profitability improvement initiatives.

The Company ended the fourth quarter of 2025 with $48.9 million in cash and cash equivalents, as compared to $43.1 million in cash and cash equivalents at the end of the third quarter 2025.

Operating Results

Bookings were $32.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, compared to $37.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2024. The year-over-year decrease was primarily due to fewer battery hardware bookings, as a result of the strategic de-emphasis of battery hardware resales. Software, services, and edge hardware bookings increased 6% year-over-year. Full year 2025 bookings of $131.8 million increased 14% versus full year 2024 bookings of $115.9 million driven by increased software, services, and edge hardware bookings.

Contracted backlog was $21.3 million at the end of the fourth quarter of 2025, down 4% compared to $22.2 million as of the end of the third quarter of 2025 due to reduced battery hardware backlog, and up 2% versus $20.9 million as of the end of the fourth quarter of 2024.

CARR was $67.2 million at the end of the fourth quarter of 2025 versus $70.1 million as of the end of the third quarter of 2025. CARR decreased sequentially due to lower managed services bookings and the cancellation of a managed services customer engagement representing approximately $3 million in CARR but was supported by increased PowerTrack software bookings.

Fourth quarter 2025 ARR increased 1% sequentially to $61.1 million at the end of the quarter from $60.2 million at the end of the third quarter of 2025. ARR sequentially increased due to a 5% increase in PowerTrack ARR to $40.7 million but was offset by the cancellation of a managed services customer contract representing $1 million in ARR.

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Solar operating AUM increased 6% sequentially to 36.1 GW for the fourth quarter. Storage operating AUM decreased 6% sequentially to 1.7 GWh for the quarter due to the cancellation of a managed services customer contract representing 0.1 GWh in AUM.

The following table provides a summary of contracted backlog at the end of the fourth quarter of 2025, and includes only hardware and non-recurring services contracts, compared to contracted backlog at the end of the third quarter of 2025 ($ millions):

End of 3Q25			$	22.2
Add: Bookings			19.0
Less: Hardware revenue			(16.5)
Project and professional services revenue			(2.5)
Amendments/cancellations			(0.9)
End of 4Q25			$	21.3

Recent Highlights

On March 4, 2026, the Company announced that its PowerTrack™ Energy Management System ("EMS") has been selected to support Everyray GmbH's 90 MWh utility-scale battery energy storage system ("BESS") in Kölsa, Germany, and a 10 MWh BESS in Elsterwerda, Germany. Together, the projects further expand Stem's presence in the German market and reinforce PowerTrack's role as the control system for sophisticated, utility-scale storage deployments across Europe. Commercial operations are expected to commence in summer 2026.

On December 9, 2025, the Company announced its partnership with a leading clean energy asset owner focused on distributed solar and storage projects to operate and optimize a portfolio of battery energy storage systems (BESS) serving a local water utility company in Southern California. The four-site portfolio, including one hybrid solar and storage system, supports the Southern California water treatment facilities by delivering cost savings, operational resilience, and participation in California's Demand Response programs. Together with the asset owner, Stem is helping to ensure the continued success of these projects following the transition from a previous service provider, while enhancing performance, reliability, and revenue opportunities.

On December 3, 2025, the Company's Board of Directors increased the size of the Board from seven to eight directors, and appointed Arun Narayanan, Stem's Chief Executive Officer, to serve as a Class I Director, effective December 1, 2025.

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Outlook

The Company is introducing full year 2026 guidance ranges as follows ($ millions, unless otherwise noted):

Revenue			$140 - $190
Software, edge hardware, & services			$130 - $150
Battery hardware resale			Up to $40
Non-GAAP Gross Margin (%)*			40% - 50%
Adjusted EBITDA*			$10 - $15
Operating Cash Flow			$0 - $10
Year-end ARR**			$65 - $70

*See the section below titled "Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for information regarding why Stem is unable to reconcile Non-GAAP Gross Margin and adjusted EBITDA guidance to their most comparable financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP.

** See below for definitions.

Some Factors Affecting our Business and Operations

The Company is subject to risk and exposure from the evolving macroeconomic, regulatory, geopolitical and business environment, including uncertainty regarding the effects of the One Big Beautiful Bill (OBBB) on our business and that of our suppliers and customers, the effects of increased import tariffs and retaliatory trade policies, global inflationary pressures and interest rates, potential economic slowdowns or recessions, government shutdowns, and geopolitical pressures, including the wars in Ukraine and the Middle East, as well as tensions between China and the United States, and uncertainty around other current and future trade policies and other regulations. We regularly monitor and attempt to mitigate the direct and indirect effects of these circumstances on our business and financial results, although there is no guarantee of the extent to which we will be successful in these efforts.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to financial results determined in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), this earnings press release contains the following non-GAAP financial measures: adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP gross profit and non-GAAP gross margin.

We use these non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision-making and to evaluate our operating performance and prospects, develop internal budgets and financial goals, and facilitate period-to-period comparisons. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance and liquidity by excluding certain expenses and expenditures that may not be indicative of our operating performance, such as stock-based compensation and other non-cash charges, as well as discrete cash charges that are infrequent in nature. We believe that both management and investors benefit from referring to these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our performance and when planning, forecasting, and analyzing future periods. These non-GAAP financial measures also facilitate management's internal comparisons to our historical performance and liquidity as well as comparisons to our competitors' operating results, to the extent that competitors define these metrics in the same manner that we do. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors both because they (1) allow for greater transparency with respect to key metrics used by management in its financial and operational decision-making and (2) are used by investors and analysts to help them analyze the health of our business. Our calculation of these non-GAAP financial measures may differ from similarly-titled non-GAAP measures, if any, reported by other companies. In addition, other companies may not publish these or similar measures. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, or superior to, other measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. For

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reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA and non-GAAP gross profit and margin to their most comparable GAAP measures, see the section below entitled "Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures."

Definitions of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We define adjusted EBITDA as net loss attributable to Stem before depreciation and amortization, including amortization of internally developed software, interest expense, further adjusted to exclude stock-based compensation and other income and expense items, including gain on the extinguishment of debt, reduction in revenue, excess supplier costs, change in fair value of derivative liability, change in fair value of warrant liability, impairment of goodwill, contract termination payment, restructuring costs, (expected recovery of) impairment of accounts receivable related to customer contracts that provided parent company guarantees, impairment of inventory and other deferred costs, impairment of deferred costs with suppliers, and income tax provision or benefit. The expenses and other items that we exclude in our calculation of adjusted EBITDA may differ from the expenses and other items, if any, that other companies exclude when calculating adjusted EBITDA.

We define non-GAAP gross profit (loss) as gross profit (loss) excluding amortization of capitalized software, impairments related to decommissioning of end-of-life systems, excess supplier costs, and reduction in revenue. Non-GAAP gross margin is defined as non-GAAP gross profit (loss) as a percentage of revenue.

In the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred costs of $1.0 million above initially agreed prices on the acquisition of certain hardware systems from one of our suppliers, which resulted from production delays by such supplier. Because we had not previously incurred costs above initially agreed upon prices with a hardware supplier, we excluded this item from adjusted EBITDA and non-GAAP Gross Profit to better facilitate comparisons of our underlying operating performance across periods.

As previously disclosed, the Company entered into certain contractual guarantees in 2022 and 2023 pursuant to which, if a customer were unable to install or designate hardware to a specified project within a specified period of time, the Company would be required to assist the customer in re-marketing the hardware for resale by the customer. Such guarantees provided that, in such cases, if the customer resold the hardware for less than the amount initially sold to the customer, the Company would be required to compensate the customer for any shortfall in fair value for the hardware from the initial contract price. The Company accounted for specified contractual guarantees as variable consideration. As previously disclosed, the Company recorded a net revenue reduction of $38.7 million in hardware revenue during 2024, due to market conditions and revised negotiated valuations of assets under certain hardware price guarantees entered into in 2022 and 2023. Such reductions in revenue were related to deliveries that occurred prior to 2023. Additionally, the Company recorded a $104.1 million bad debt expense during the year ended December 31, 2024, as a result of an impairment of accounts receivable related to customer contracts that provided a parent company guarantee. The Company has not issued such guarantees since June 2023, does not intend to issue any new guarantees in the future, and does not expect further negative impact on its financial statements as a result of such guarantees.

See also the section below entitled "Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures."

Conference Call Information

Stem will hold a conference call to discuss this earnings press release and business outlook on Wednesday, March 4, 2026 beginning at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time. The conference call and accompanying slides may be accessed via a live webcast on a listen-only basis on the Events & Presentations page of the Investor Relations section of the Company's website at https://investors.stem.com/events-and-presentations. The call can also be accessed live over the telephone by dialing (877) 407-3982, or for international callers, (201) 493-6780 and referencing Stem. An audio replay will be available shortly after the call until April 4, 2026, and can be accessed by dialing (844) 512-2921 or for international callers by dialing (412) 317-6671. The passcode for the replay is 13751335. A replay of the webcast will be available on the Company's website at https://investors.stem.com/overview for 12 months after the call.

About Stem

Stem (NYSE: STEM) is a global leader reimagining technology to support the energy transition. We turn complexity into clarity and potential into performance.

Stem helps asset owners, operators, and energy stakeholders unlock the full value of their portfolios by enabling the intelligent development, deployment, and operation of clean energy assets. Stem's integrated software suite, PowerTrackTM, is the industry-standard and best-in-class platform for asset monitoring and optimization and is backed by expert professional and managed services, all delivered under one roof. Designed to address complex

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energy challenges seamlessly, our technology transforms raw data into clear, actionable insights, providing the visibility and intelligence needed to drive performance. With projects across 55 countries, customers have trusted Stem for nearly 20 years to maximize the value of their clean energy investments.

Driven by human and artificial intelligence, Stem is unlocking energy intelligence. Learn more at stem.com.