Implementing the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive

Priority question for written answer P-001059/2026
to the Commission
Rule 144
Isabella Lövin (Verts/ALE)

The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) is now being transposed into national legislation. The directive says that Member States should use primary energy factors or weighting factors to make different heating solutions comparable from an energy efficiency perspective. The Commission's recommendation clarifies that the terms 'primary energy factors' and 'weighting factors' should be regarded as synonymous.

In Sweden, the responsible authority has proposed using weighting factors that deviate from the methodology specified by the Commission for calculating primary energy factors. This risks the most energy-efficient solutions becoming disadvantaged.

Given the above, could the Commission answer the following:

• 1.What is the difference between a primary energy factor and a weighting factor?
• 2.Can a weighting factor be calculated in another way than that for a primary energy factor?
• 3.How will the Commission ensure that the EPBD's implementation promotes the most efficient use of energy resources and supports the EU's decarbonisation objectives, taking into account the limited availability of sustainable biomass and the fossil emissions that originate from waste incineration, including those from plastic waste?

Submitted: 13.3.2026