BLS - U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

03/19/2026 | Press release | Distributed by Public on 03/19/2026 09:10

Business Employment Dynamics in California — Second Quarter 2025

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26-531-SAN
Thursday, March 19, 2026

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Business Employment Dynamics in California - Second Quarter 2025

From March 2025 to June 2025, gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments in California were 1,026,067, while gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments were 1,017,298, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Chris Rosenlund noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment loss of 8,769 jobs in the private sector during the second quarter of 2025. (See table 1.) During the previous quarter, gross job losses exceeded gross gains by 20,046. (See chart 1.)

View Chart Data
Chart 1. Private-sector gross job gains and losses in California, June 2020-June 2025, seasonally adjusted
Period Gross job losses Gross job gains

Jun 2020

2,641,827 754,893

Sep 2020

962,052 1,198,670

Dec 2020

851,077 1,162,360

Mar 2021

843,999 1,095,295

Jun 2021

919,204 1,125,173

Sep 2021

896,729 1,137,963

Dec 2021

819,205 1,257,072

Mar 2022

871,432 1,117,199

Jun 2022

1,026,519 1,049,626

Sep 2022

954,646 1,047,786

Dec 2022

1,014,659 1,021,108

Mar 2023

1,016,897 980,141

Jun 2023

1,002,437 1,042,036

Sep 2023

1,001,413 979,857

Dec 2023

993,953 985,804

Mar 2024

882,911 935,079

Jun 2024

1,072,979 956,316

Sep 2024

959,690 982,911

Dec 2024

985,054 1,037,801

Mar 2025

952,704 932,658

Jun 2025

1,026,067 1,017,298

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Business Employment Dynamics Technical Note.)

Gross job losses

In the second quarter of 2025, gross job losses represented 6.7 percent of private-sector employment in California; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 6.0 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In California, contracting establishments lost 801,375 jobs in the second quarter of 2025, an increase of 45,309 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 224,692 jobs, an increase of 28,054 jobs from the previous quarter.

View Chart Data
Chart 2. Private-sector gross job losses as a percent of employment, United States and California, June 2020-June 2025, seasonally adjusted
Period California United States

Jun 2020

18.5 16.8

Sep 2020

7.1 5.9

Dec 2020

6.1 5.7

Mar 2021

5.9 5.5

Jun 2021

6.4 5.9

Sep 2021

6.1 6.0

Dec 2021

5.5 5.4

Mar 2022

5.7 5.5

Jun 2022

6.7 6.2

Sep 2022

6.2 5.9

Dec 2022

6.6 5.9

Mar 2023

6.6 5.5

Jun 2023

6.4 5.9

Sep 2023

6.5 5.9

Dec 2023

6.4 5.7

Mar 2024

5.7 5.5

Jun 2024

6.9 5.9

Sep 2024

6.2 5.8

Dec 2024

6.4 5.7

Mar 2025

6.2 5.4

Jun 2025

6.7 6.0
Gross job gains

In the second quarter of 2025, gross job gains represented 6.6 percent of private-sector employment in California; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 5.7 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In California, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 750,753 in the second quarter of 2025, an increase of 66,948 jobs compared to the previous quarter. Opening establishments accounted for 266,545 jobs gained in the second quarter of 2025, an increase of 17,692 jobs from the previous quarter.

View Chart Data
Chart 3. Private-sector gross job gains as a percent of employment, United States and California, June 2020-June 2025, seasonally adjusted
Period California United States

Jun 2020

5.3 4.8

Sep 2020

8.9 9.4

Dec 2020

8.4 7.4

Mar 2021

7.8 7.0

Jun 2021

7.8 6.8

Sep 2021

7.8 7.3

Dec 2021

8.4 7.7

Mar 2022

7.3 6.7

Jun 2022

6.8 6.5

Sep 2022

6.8 6.9

Dec 2022

6.6 6.3

Mar 2023

6.4 6.3

Jun 2023

6.8 6.2

Sep 2023

6.4 5.9

Dec 2023

6.3 6.0

Mar 2024

6.0 5.9

Jun 2024

6.2 5.8

Sep 2024

6.3 5.8

Dec 2024

6.7 5.9

Mar 2025

6.0 5.6

Jun 2025

6.6 5.7
Industries

Gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in 8 of the 11 published industry sectors in California in the second quarter of 2025. Professional and business services had the largest over-the-quarter net job decrease, with a loss of 19,409 jobs. This was the result of 199,101 gross job losses and 179,692 gross job gains. The retail trade industry had a net loss of 13,364 jobs and the manufacturing industry had a net loss of 10,544 jobs. Education and health services had a net gain of 25,334 jobs, the largest gain of any sector in the state.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at the Business Employment Dynamics homepage and the Business Employment Dynamics Summary.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Third Quarter 2025 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 29, 2026, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).


Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records.

More information on formal definitions of the data used in this release, along with coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the Business Employment Dynamics Technical Note.

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.

Table 1. Private-sector gross job gains and losses by industry, California, seasonally adjusted
Category Gross job gains and losses
(3 months ended) 		Gross job gains and losses
as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
June
2024 		Sept.
2024 		Dec.
2024 		Mar.
2025 		June
2025 		June
2024 		Sept.
2024 		Dec.
2024 		Mar.
2025 		June
2025

Total private (1)

Gross job gains

956,316 982,911 1,037,801 932,658 1,017,298 6.2 6.3 6.7 6.0 6.6

At expanding establishments

744,573 743,985 784,667 683,805 750,753 4.8 4.8 5.1 4.4 4.9

At opening establishments

211,743 238,926 253,134 248,853 266,545 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7

Gross job losses

1,072,979 959,690 985,054 952,704 1,026,067 6.9 6.2 6.4 6.2 6.7

At contracting establishments

787,061 737,214 774,582 756,066 801,375 5.1 4.8 5.0 4.9 5.2

At closing establishments

285,918 222,476 210,472 196,638 224,692 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.5

Net employment change (2)

-116,663 23,221 52,747 -20,046 -8,769 -0.7 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.1

Construction

Gross job gains

79,971 72,675 74,161 71,335 81,880 8.7 8.1 8.2 7.9 9.1

At expanding establishments

63,575 54,097 56,949 54,248 63,901 6.9 6.0 6.3 6.0 7.1

At opening establishments

16,396 18,578 17,212 17,087 17,979 1.8 2.1 1.9 1.9 2.0

Gross job losses

83,572 84,928 77,684 80,305 78,078 9.1 9.3 8.6 8.9 8.7

At contracting establishments

64,605 66,476 60,449 65,038 59,443 7.0 7.3 6.7 7.2 6.6

At closing establishments

18,967 18,452 17,235 15,267 18,635 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.1

Net employment change (2)

-3,601 -12,253 -3,523 -8,970 3,802 -0.4 -1.2 -0.4 -1.0 0.4

Manufacturing

Gross job gains

43,456 44,192 43,395 40,533 43,490 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.6

At expanding establishments

37,768 36,570 35,397 34,143 36,116 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.8 3.0

At opening establishments

5,688 7,622 7,998 6,390 7,374 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6

Gross job losses

55,013 55,794 56,384 48,313 54,034 4.4 4.5 4.6 3.9 4.4

At contracting establishments

45,828 46,288 46,838 41,261 45,533 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.3 3.7

At closing establishments

9,185 9,506 9,546 7,052 8,501 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.7

Net employment change (2)

-11,557 -11,602 -12,989 -7,780 -10,544 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.8

Wholesale trade

Gross job gains

28,734 28,746 30,873 27,016 31,346 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.2 4.9

At expanding establishments

23,095 21,414 23,188 20,411 24,579 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.8

At opening establishments

5,639 7,332 7,685 6,605 6,767 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1

Gross job losses

33,088 31,756 30,992 32,546 33,714 5.0 4.9 4.7 5.1 5.2

At contracting establishments

23,912 24,135 23,505 25,700 25,229 3.6 3.7 3.6 4.0 3.9

At closing establishments

9,176 7,621 7,487 6,846 8,485 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.3

Net employment change (2)

-4,354 -3,010 -119 -5,530 -2,368 -0.6 -0.5 0.0 -0.9 -0.3

Retail trade

Gross job gains

88,025 86,153 82,516 83,890 82,862 5.5 5.5 5.2 5.3 5.2

At expanding establishments

73,508 69,410 68,014 69,151 65,619 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.1

At opening establishments

14,517 16,743 14,502 14,739 17,243 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.1

Gross job losses

103,249 90,970 89,030 77,225 96,226 6.5 5.7 5.7 4.9 6.1

At contracting establishments

77,495 76,022 73,586 64,871 78,600 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.1 5.0

At closing establishments

25,754 14,948 15,444 12,354 17,626 1.6 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.1

Net employment change (2)

-15,224 -4,817 -6,514 6,665 -13,364 -1.0 -0.2 -0.5 0.4 -0.9

Transportation and warehousing

Gross job gains

32,810 44,268 61,690 30,735 36,201 4.4 5.9 8.1 4.0 4.8

At expanding establishments

26,736 36,649 54,884 25,132 27,790 3.6 4.9 7.2 3.3 3.7

At opening establishments

6,074 7,619 6,806 5,603 8,411 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.1

Gross job losses

41,820 34,175 33,389 54,803 44,025 5.6 4.6 4.4 7.2 5.9

At contracting establishments

33,488 26,224 26,093 48,764 37,801 4.5 3.5 3.4 6.4 5.1

At closing establishments

8,332 7,951 7,296 6,039 6,224 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.8

Net employment change (2)

-9,010 10,093 28,301 -24,068 -7,824 -1.2 1.3 3.7 -3.2 -1.1

Information

Gross job gains

22,171 24,036 29,150 19,264 28,866 4.1 4.4 5.5 3.7 5.5

At expanding establishments

17,861 18,974 24,365 15,071 25,197 3.3 3.5 4.6 2.9 4.8

At opening establishments

4,310 5,062 4,785 4,193 3,669 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7

Gross job losses

34,593 27,783 33,702 34,586 31,620 6.4 5.2 6.4 6.6 6.1

At contracting establishments

25,855 23,029 28,126 31,007 21,805 4.8 4.3 5.3 5.9 4.2

At closing establishments

8,738 4,754 5,576 3,579 9,815 1.6 0.9 1.1 0.7 1.9

Net employment change (2)

-12,422 -3,747 -4,552 -15,322 -2,754 -2.3 -0.8 -0.9 -2.9 -0.6

Financial activities

Gross job gains

40,984 42,200 47,183 39,158 45,052 5.1 5.3 5.9 4.9 5.7

At expanding establishments

29,636 29,392 32,080 28,620 30,996 3.7 3.7 4.0 3.6 3.9

At opening establishments

11,348 12,808 15,103 10,538 14,056 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.3 1.8

Gross job losses

49,932 45,086 47,178 43,157 40,809 6.2 5.7 5.9 5.4 5.2

At contracting establishments

30,668 31,683 34,487 30,243 27,316 3.8 4.0 4.3 3.8 3.5

At closing establishments

19,264 13,403 12,691 12,914 13,493 2.4 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7

Net employment change (2)

-8,948 -2,886 5 -3,999 4,243 -1.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.5 0.5

Professional and business services

Gross job gains

165,020 173,349 168,729 158,909 179,692 5.9 6.2 6.1 5.7 6.5

At expanding establishments

128,935 133,943 126,920 121,845 132,089 4.6 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.8

At opening establishments

36,085 39,406 41,809 37,064 47,603 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.7

Gross job losses

191,716 171,944 174,286 163,234 199,101 6.9 6.2 6.3 5.9 7.2

At contracting establishments

141,105 129,545 135,565 127,650 156,629 5.1 4.7 4.9 4.6 5.7

At closing establishments

50,611 42,399 38,721 35,584 42,472 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5

Net employment change (2)

-26,696 1,405 -5,557 -4,325 -19,409 -1.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7

Education and health services

Gross job gains

188,536 203,826 217,730 194,391 201,174 6.0 6.4 6.8 5.9 6.1

At expanding establishments

129,695 140,905 150,264 131,090 132,326 4.1 4.4 4.7 4.0 4.0

At opening establishments

58,841 62,921 67,466 63,301 68,848 1.9 2.0 2.1 1.9 2.1

Gross job losses

193,452 148,662 177,553 151,276 175,840 6.1 4.7 5.5 4.6 5.4

At contracting establishments

120,251 102,161 128,023 102,139 127,541 3.8 3.2 4.0 3.1 3.9

At closing establishments

73,201 46,501 49,530 49,137 48,299 2.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

Net employment change (2)

-4,916 55,164 40,177 43,115 25,334 -0.1 1.7 1.3 1.3 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

Gross job gains

141,008 140,503 153,152 136,240 148,189 7.0 7.0 7.6 6.8 7.4

At expanding establishments

105,508 98,904 107,035 92,538 106,109 5.2 4.9 5.3 4.6 5.3

At opening establishments

35,500 41,599 46,117 43,702 42,080 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.1

Gross job losses

158,622 154,277 132,119 140,085 148,942 7.9 7.7 6.6 6.9 7.5

At contracting establishments

116,504 116,838 102,857 109,792 115,713 5.8 5.8 5.1 5.4 5.8

At closing establishments

42,118 37,439 29,262 30,293 33,229 2.1 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.7

Net employment change (2)

-17,614 -13,774 21,033 -3,845 -753 -0.9 -0.7 1.0 -0.1 -0.1

Other services (3)

Gross job gains

41,465 38,703 39,068 36,658 40,345 7.8 7.3 7.3 6.9 7.6

At expanding establishments

32,077 28,693 26,546 27,073 30,103 6.0 5.4 5.0 5.1 5.7

At opening establishments

9,388 10,010 12,522 9,585 10,242 1.8 1.9 2.3 1.8 1.9

Gross job losses

44,476 37,739 34,957 36,424 42,009 8.4 7.2 6.5 6.8 7.8

At contracting establishments

33,510 27,890 26,234 26,798 32,189 6.3 5.3 4.9 5.0 6.0

At closing establishments

10,966 9,849 8,723 9,626 9,820 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.8 1.8

Net employment change (2)

-3,011 964 4,111 234 -1,664 -0.6 0.1 0.8 0.1 -0.2

Footnotes:
(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately.
(2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.
(3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted
Category Gross job gains as a percent of employment
(3 months ended) 		Gross job losses as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
June
2024 		Sept.
2024 		Dec.
2024 		Mar.
2025 		June
2025 		June
2024 		Sept.
2024 		Dec.
2024 		Mar.
2025 		June
2025

United States(1)

5.8 5.8 5.9 5.6 5.7 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.4 6.0

Alabama

5.6 5.8 5.8 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.9 5.3 5.6 5.6

Alaska

10.2 8.0 10.3 10.0 9.9 9.6 9.6 9.5 8.1 10.3

Arizona

5.6 6.4 6.1 5.8 5.3 6.5 5.7 5.9 5.3 6.3

Arkansas

5.3 5.5 5.8 5.1 5.1 5.7 5.2 4.8 5.1 5.5

California

6.2 6.3 6.7 6.0 6.6 6.9 6.2 6.4 6.2 6.7

Colorado

6.6 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.4 5.8 6.4 6.5 6.8 7.1

Connecticut

5.8 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.5 5.3 5.8

Delaware

5.8 6.8 6.1 5.9 5.9 6.5 6.4 6.3 5.3 6.1

District of Columbia

5.1 4.9 5.0 4.8 5.7 5.4 5.0 5.5 5.8 5.9

Florida

6.1 6.5 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.7 6.2 5.5 5.8

Georgia

5.9 5.8 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.7 6.1 5.4 5.7 5.6

Hawaii

5.2 5.7 5.3 4.9 4.8 5.6 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.2

Idaho

7.5 7.1 8.2 7.3 7.7 7.2 7.5 6.8 7.3 7.2

Illinois

5.1 4.9 5.1 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.0 5.2

Indiana

5.2 5.3 5.5 5.4 5.0 5.5 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.6

Iowa

5.6 5.3 5.6 5.8 5.6 5.8 6.0 5.6 5.5 5.8

Kansas

5.9 5.3 5.9 5.5 5.4 5.6 5.6 5.2 5.4 6.3

Kentucky

5.3 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.0 5.8 5.4 5.5 4.8 5.4

Louisiana

5.8 6.1 6.2 5.6 5.5 6.2 5.8 5.5 5.6 6.3

Maine

7.2 6.2 7.0 7.4 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.1 6.3 7.4

Maryland

7.1 5.9 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.9 6.1 5.9 5.7 6.2

Massachusetts

5.7 5.0 5.3 5.0 5.5 5.6 5.8 5.5 5.1 5.8

Michigan

5.7 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.8 5.4 5.8 5.9 5.3 5.5

Minnesota

5.7 5.1 5.5 5.1 5.8 5.2 5.8 5.1 5.5 5.5

Mississippi

5.7 6.3 6.3 5.7 6.3 6.3 5.7 6.2 6.1 6.5

Missouri

5.6 5.6 5.7 5.4 5.5 5.8 5.8 5.3 5.2 6.1

Montana

7.9 7.2 8.4 8.0 7.7 7.6 8.0 7.8 7.5 8.3

Nebraska

5.5 5.6 5.6 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.3 5.5

Nevada

5.8 6.2 6.1 5.4 6.2 5.8 5.9 5.6 5.9 6.3

New Hampshire

6.1 5.6 6.3 6.5 6.3 6.0 6.7 5.9 6.1 6.7

New Jersey

5.9 5.4 6.0 5.6 5.8 5.5 5.8 5.5 5.4 5.5

New Mexico

6.1 6.3 6.1 5.9 5.9 6.5 6.2 5.9 5.8 6.0

New York

5.8 5.7 5.7 6.6 5.9 5.5 5.8 5.5 5.0 7.0

North Carolina

5.6 5.5 6.1 5.4 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.5 5.5 5.4

North Dakota

6.6 6.5 6.5 6.7 6.4 6.6 6.5 6.6 6.5 6.7

Ohio

5.2 5.2 5.4 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.1 4.9 5.4

Oklahoma

5.7 6.1 6.0 5.5 5.5 6.4 5.5 5.5 5.3 6.2

Oregon

6.0 6.3 6.2 5.8 6.4 6.3 6.6 6.6 6.2 6.5

Pennsylvania

4.9 5.1 5.2 5.0 4.9 5.2 5.0 4.8 4.7 5.2

Rhode Island

6.6 6.2 7.3 6.6 6.3 6.7 6.4 6.3 5.9 6.7

South Carolina

6.1 6.2 6.4 6.1 5.8 6.0 5.9 5.9 5.5 6.6

South Dakota

6.0 5.9 6.7 6.2 6.0 6.2 5.9 5.9 6.5 6.1

Tennessee

5.5 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.1 5.6 5.7 6.2 5.1 5.9

Texas

5.4 5.7 5.8 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.4

Utah

6.5 6.8 6.8 6.6 6.6 6.9 6.2 6.3 6.0 6.6

Vermont

6.7 6.6 6.7 6.9 6.9 7.4 7.1 6.7 6.8 7.5

Virginia

5.6 5.8 5.8 5.6 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.1 5.8

Washington

5.9 5.8 5.8 5.7 6.0 5.6 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.4

West Virginia

7.0 5.9 6.5 6.4 5.5 6.7 6.6 6.1 5.7 6.3

Wisconsin

5.3 5.1 5.3 5.0 5.3 5.6 5.5 5.2 4.9 5.5

Wyoming

8.2 8.9 8.9 8.1 8.3 8.8 8.5 8.3 8.7 8.9

Puerto Rico

5.5 5.4 4.3 6.3 7.0 4.9 5.0 5.4 5.4 6.1

Virgin Islands

4.9 4.7 5.2 5.4 15.0 5.7 7.5 10.8 7.6 9.5

Footnotes
(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands. The sum of the states will not necessarily add to the U.S. total because of the independent seasonal adjustment of each state.

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