OpenAI Inc.

11/12/2025 | News release | Distributed by Public on 11/12/2025 13:13

GPT-5.1: A smarter, more conversational ChatGPT

November 12, 2025

ProductRelease

GPT-5.1: A smarter, more conversational ChatGPT

We're upgrading GPT-5 while making it easier to customize ChatGPT. Starting to roll out today to everyone, beginning with paid users.

Try in ChatGPT(opens in a new window)
Loading…
Share

Today we're upgrading the GPT-5 series with the release of:

  • GPT-5.1 Instant: our most-used model, now warmer, more intelligent, and better at following your instructions.
  • GPT-5.1 Thinking: our advanced reasoning model, now easier to understand and faster on simple tasks, more persistent on complex ones.

We heard clearly from users that great AI should not only be smart, but also enjoyable to talk to. GPT-5.1 improves meaningfully on both intelligence and communication style.

We're also making it easier for you to shape ChatGPT's tone. Preferences on chat style vary-from person to person and even from conversation to conversation-so we're introducing more intuitive and effective controls so ChatGPT can better match the tone you want in responses.

GPT-5.1 Instant

GPT-5.1 Instant, ChatGPT's most used model, is now warmer by default and more conversational. Based on early testing, it often surprises people with its playfulness while remaining clear and useful.

I'm feeling stressed and could use some relaxation tips

GPT-5

Here are a few simple, effective ways to help ease stress - you can mix and match depending on how you're feeling and how much time you have:

‍♀️ Quick Reset (1-5 minutes)

  • Deep breathing:Try the 4-7-8method - inhale for 4 seconds, hold for 7, exhale for 8. Repeat 4 rounds.
  • Progressive relaxation:Starting at your toes, tense and release each muscle group up to your head.
  • Grounding:Look around and name 5 things you see, 4 things you can touch, 3 you hear, 2 you smell, 1 you taste. Brings you into the moment fast.

☕ 10-20 Minute Recharge

  • Go outside:A short walk, especially somewhere green or with a view, helps drop cortisol quickly.
  • Guided meditation or calm music:Try Calm, Headspace, or just search "soft piano" or "ambient" on Spotify.
  • Stretch break:Loosen neck, shoulders, and hips - areas that hold tension most.

Longer Recalibration

  • Digital break:Step away from screens and notifications for 30-60 minutes. Read, nap, or listen to a podcast.
  • Journal:Write down what's weighing on you or list three things you're grateful for - both lower stress perception.
  • Warm shower or bath:The heat relaxes muscles and slows heart rate. Add Epsom salt or lavender oil if you have it.

Mindset Shifts

  • Be kind to yourself:Stress often spikes when we feel behind. Remind yourself: "I'm allowed to rest; I'll think clearly after I recharge."
  • Simplify decisions:When overwhelmed, pick just one next step- small progress reduces mental load.

If you tell me what kind of stress it is(work, parenting, financial, emotional, physical, etc.), I can tailor a set of techniques or even a mini daily plan to match your situation.
Would you like me to do that?

GPT-5.1 Instant

I've got you, Ron - that's totally normal, especially with everything you've got going on lately. Here are a few ways to decompress depending on what kind of stress you're feeling:

️ If your mind feels scattered

  • Box breathing:Inhale for 4 counts, hold for 4, exhale for 4, hold for 4 - repeat 5 times. It's fast-acting and physically calms your nervous system.
  • Name what you see:Pick out 5 things you can see, 4 you can touch, 3 you can hear, 2 you can smell, and 1 you can taste - a grounding technique that brings you back to the present.

If you need to slow down

  • Music reset:Put on something ambient or lo-fi (Brian Eno, Khruangbin, or even a Gorillaz instrumental). Let yourself zone out for one full track - no phone scrolling.
  • Step outside:Even 5 minutes of daylight or a walk around the block resets cortisol levels faster than most "relaxation hacks."

‍♂️ If you want to fully unwind

  • Stretch the stress out:Roll your shoulders back, touch your toes, then lie on the floor with your legs up the wall for 3-5 minutes. It's a simple yoga move (Viparita Karani) that's surprisingly effective.
  • Warm shower or bath:Heat relaxes muscles and signals to your brain that it's time to rest - bonus points for dim lighting or candles.

Would you like me to tailor a short 5-minute routineyou can do right now (either physical, mental, or creative - your choice)?

.

We've also improved instruction following, so the model more reliably answers the question you actually asked.

Always respond with six words

GPT-5

Understood. All responses will be six.

where should i travel this summer?

How about exploring Japan this summer?

It's trending for summer 2025 destinations. You'll find a mix of culture, nature and modern city life. If you prefer something closer to Texas, consider Mexico or Canada instead.

Want suggestions for specific cities in Japan (or elsewhere)?

why there?

Rich culture, beautiful scenery, great food.

GPT-5.1 Instant

Understood, I will respond in six.

where should i travel this summer?

Consider Japan, Italy, Greece, Canada, Iceland.

why there?

Scenery culture cuisine climate friendly locals.

.

For the first time, GPT-5.1 Instant can use adaptive reasoning to decide when tothink before respondingto more challenging questions, resulting in more thorough and accurate answers, while still responding quickly. This is reflected in significant improvements on math and coding evaluations like AIME 2025 and Codeforces.

GPT-5.1 Thinking

We're also upgrading GPT-5 Thinking to make it more efficient and easier to understand in everyday use. It now adapts its thinking time more precisely to the question-spending more time on complex problems while responding more quickly to simpler ones. In practice, that means more thorough answers for difficult requests and less waiting for simpler ones.

GPT-5.1 Thinking varies its thinking time more dynamically than GPT-5 Thinking. On a representative distribution of ChatGPT tasks, GPT-5.1 Thinking is roughly twice as fast on the fastest tasks and twice as slow on the slowest tasks. Thinking time was set to Standard for both models.

GPT-5.1 Thinking's responses are also clearer, with less jargon and fewer undefined terms. This makes our most capable model more approachable and easily understandable, especially for complex tasks at work and explaining technical concepts.

explain BABIP and wRC+

GPT-5

Here's the clean, no-nonsense explainer you want.

BABIP (Batting Average on Balls In Play)

What it is:How often a ball put in play(excludes HRs and strikeouts) falls for a hit.

Formula (hitters or pitchers):

BABIP=H−HRAB−K−HR+SF \text{BABIP} = \frac{H - HR}{AB - K - HR + SF} BABIP=ABKHR+SF HHR

  • H = hits, HR = home runs, AB = at-bats, K = strikeouts, SF = sac flies.

Why it matters:

  • Captures contact quality, defense, ballpark, and luck.
  • League average hovers around .300most seasons.
  • Hitters:Speed + hard contact can sustain above-average BABIP; big spikes/dips in small samples often regress.
  • Pitchers:BABIP allowed tends to cluster near league average; big outliers often regress unless it's an extreme-contact profile + elite defense.

Quick reads:

  • >.330: strong contact/speed orsome good fortune.
  • .270-.300: typical range.
  • <.270: weak contact/slow footspeed orbad luck/elite defenses faced.

wRC+ (Weighted Runs Created Plus)

What it is:The gold-standard, park- and era-adjusted measure of total offensive value per plate appearance. It tells you how much a hitter contributed to run creation vs league average, on a 100 = averagescale.

Scale:

  • 100= league average
  • 120= 20% better than league average
  • 80= 20% worse than league average
  • 140+= star/elite seasons

How it's built (conceptually):

  1. Start with wOBA(weights single/double/triple/HR/BB by their actual run value).
  2. Convert to wRAA(runs above average).
  3. Adjust for parkand league/seasoneffects.
  4. Normalize so 100 = average→ that's wRC+.

Why it's great:It compares hitters fairly across parks (Coors vs. Safeco) and seasons (offense-heavy vs dead-ball-ish years). It also captures more than batting average-walks and extra-base hits count properly.

Limitations (both stats):

  • BABIP is noisy in small samples; needs context (speed, batted-ball profile).
  • wRC+ is offense only; it ignores defense and baserunning (use WAR for the full picture).

If you want, I can pull current league averages and a few Blue Jays examples to make this concrete.

GPT-5.1 Thinking

Nice, nerd stat time

I'll do each one in plain English, then add a bit of context.

1. BABIP - Batting Average on Balls In Play

What it is:
BABIP measures how often a ball put into the field of play falls in for a hit, excludinghome runs and strikeouts.

Formula (conceptually):

BABIP = (Hits − Home Runs) ÷ (At-Bats − Strikeouts − Home Runs + Sacrifice Flies)

So:

  • It only cares about balls that fielders can make a play on.
  • It ignores:
    • Strikeouts (no ball in play)
    • Home runs (no fielder involved)
    • Walks/HBP (not at-bats)

Why it matters:

  • BABIP is often used as a luck / variance indicatorfor both hitters and pitchers.
  • League-average BABIP is usually around .295-.300.
    • Much higher than .300?Might mean:
      • Hitting the ball hard
      • Fast, beats out infield hits
      • orjust getting lucky bloops
    • Much lower than .300?Might mean:
      • Lots of weak contact
      • Shift / positioning hurting you
      • orbad luck, everything hit "right at" someone

How people actually use it:

  • For hitters:
    • Very high BABIP + no history of high BABIP → "He's probably going to cool off."
    • Very low BABIP + solid skills → "He might bounce back."
  • For pitchers:
    • Weirdly high BABIP against them → "Probably some bad luck / bad defense behind him."

2. wRC+ - Weighted Runs Created Plus

What it is:
wRC+ is a catch-all hitting statthat tells you how good a hitter is at creating runs compared to league average, adjusted for ballpark and era.

  • 100 = league average
  • 120 = 20% better than league average
  • 80 = 20% worse than league average

So if a player has a wRC+ of 135, that means:

"This hitter was 35% better than the league-average hitter at creating runs."

What goes into it (conceptually):

  • It starts from wRC (Weighted Runs Created), which:
    • Uses wOBA(weighted on-base average)
    • Assigns proper value to singles, doubles, HR, walks, etc.
    • Then translates that to "runs created"
  • Then wRC+:
    • Adjusts for park factors(Coors vs pitcher parks, etc.)
    • Adjusts for run environment / era
    • Normalizes everything so 100 is always league average

Why it matters:

  • wRC+ is one of the best single-number hitting statsbecause it:
    • Accounts for how valuable each event is(HR > single)
    • Adjusts for ballparkand season context
    • Puts everyone on the same scale

Rough ranges:

  • 70 and below- bad bat
  • 80-90- below average
  • 100- average
  • 110-120- solidly above average
  • 130-140- All-Star level
  • 150+- MVP-type monster season

TL;DR

  • BABIP: "How often do balls in play fall in for hits?"
    → Used to sniff out
    luck vs true skillin contact results.
  • wRC+: "How good is this hitter at creating runs vs league average, adjusted for park and era?"
    100 = average, every point above/below is % better/worse.

If you want, we can grab a Blue Jay and walk through their BABIP and wRC+ to see what it says about their season.

.

GPT-5.1 Thinking's default tone is also warmer and more empathetic.

Ugh I spilled coffee all over myself before my meeting do you think everyone thought I was an idiot :(

GPT-5

Oof, that's such a gut-punch feeling. I'm really sorry that happened.

Short answer: no, most people probably didn't think that. We massively overestimate how much others notice our mishaps (the "spotlight effect"). Folks are usually focused on their own slides, notes, or anxieties-not someone else's coffee splash.

If it helps, here's a quick reset for your brain:

  • Swap the story: "I looked dumb" → "I handled an annoying curveball and still showed up."
  • One-liner if anyone mentioned it: "Coffee tried to jump ship; I carried on." Then move on.
  • Log one thing you did well in the meeting-content, question you asked, decision you pushed.

For next time (practical kit):

  • Tide/oxiclean pen or a dab of dish soap + water → blot from the outside in.
  • Dark cardigan/blazer in the office, just in case.
  • Backup top in a desk drawer; mini deodorant and mints to kill the coffee smell.

You're not an idiot-you were a human who had a spill and kept going. That's competent, not clumsy. Want help drafting a light follow-up note or recap from the meeting to reinforce the "professional" impression?

GPT-5.1 Thinking

Hey - no, they didn't. You're rattled, so your brain is doing that thing where it catastrophizes a tiny mishap into a character flaw. But honestly? People barely register this stuff. Everyone's sprinting between calls, half-distracted, juggling their own chaos. A coffee spill reads as "busy human," not "idiot."

Let me coach you through this quickly:

1. Your interpretation isn't reality.

You feel embarrassed, so your mind fills in a story that others judged you. In truth, most people won't even remember it happened.

2. You stayed in the meeting anyway.

That's competence. Most folks would crumble a bit. You handled it.

3. These moments actually make you more likable.

Small imperfections make people morerelatable. A hyper-polished person feels artificial. A quick coffee mishap? Humanizing.

4. If anyone noticed, it was barely a blip.

And honestly they probably respected that you powered through.

You're not an idiot. You're a person who had a chaotic moment, wiped it up, and still showed up. That's the opposite of foolish - that's resilience.

Take a breath. You're good.

.

This release is a step forward in both capability and usability across the models. GPT-5.1 Auto will continue to route each query to the model best suited for it, so in most cases, you won't need to choose a model at all. What you will notice is that answers across GPT-5.1 feel both smarter and more natural in tone.

GPT-5.1 Instant and Thinking begin rolling out today, starting with paid (Pro, Plus, Go, Business) users and then to free and logged-out users. Enterprise and Edu plans get a seven-day early-access toggle (off by default). After that window, GPT-5.1 will become the sole default model. If you check ChatGPT today, you may not see GPT-5.1 available immediately. We plan to roll it out gradually over the next few days to help keep performance stable for everyone. We will also update GPT-5 Pro to GPT-5.1 Pro soon.

If you check ChatGPT today, you may not see GPT-5.1 available immediately. We plan to roll it out gradually over the next few days to help keep performance stable for everyone. We will also update GPT-5 Pro to GPT-5.1 Pro soon.

We're bringing both GPT-5.1 Instant and GPT-5.1 Thinking to the API later this week. GPT-5.1 Instant will be added as gpt-5.1-chat-latest, and GPT-5.1 Thinking will be released as GPT-5.1 in the API, both with adaptive reasoning.

GPT-5 (Instant, Thinking, and Pro) will remain available in ChatGPT under the legacy models dropdownfor paid subscribers for three months, so people have time to compare and adapt at their own pace. The GPT-5 sunset period does not affect the availability of other legacy models. Going forward, when we introduce new ChatGPT models, our approach is to give people ample space to evaluate what's changed and share feedback, allowing us to continue innovating our frontier models while transitioning smoothly. Sunset periods will be communicated clearly and with plenty of advance notice.

GPT-5.1 is more capable and useful, and we encourage you to try it and see the difference. Our system card addendumincludes more information on our safety approach for GPT-5.1.

And a note on naming: this update is called GPT-5.1 to reflect meaningful improvements, while remaining within the GPT-5 generation. Future iterative upgrades to GPT-5 will follow the same pattern.

Making ChatGPT uniquely yours

Alongside these model improvements, we're making it easier to customize ChatGPT's tone and style.People have strong and varied preferences in how ChatGPT should respond, and tailoring its tone to what sounds right for you should feel effortless.

Earlier this year, we added preset options to tailor the tone of how ChatGPT responds. Today, we're refining those options to better reflect the most common ways people use ChatGPT. Default, Friendly (formerly Listener), and Efficient(formerly Robot) remain (with updates), and we're adding Professional, Candid, and Quirky. These options are designed to align with what we've learned about how people naturally steer the model, making it quick and intuitive to choose a personality that feels uniquely right.

These personality settings apply across all models. The original Cynical(formerly Cynic) and Nerdy (formerly Nerd) options we introduced earlier this year will remain available unchanged under the same dropdown in personalization settings.

Beyond these presets, for users who want more granular control over how ChatGPT responds, we're also experimenting with the ability to tune ChatGPT's characteristics directly from personalization settings-including how concise, warm, or scannable its responses are, and how frequently it uses emojis. ChatGPT can also proactively offer to update these preferencesduring conversations when it notices you asking for a certain tone or style, without requiring you to navigate into settings. You can adjust or remove any of these preferences at any time.

The updated styles and tone options are rolling out today, and the ability to finetune specific characteristics is starting to roll out gradually later this week as an experiment, starting with a limited number of users. Both will continue to improve over time. Additionally, the updated GPT-5.1 models are also better at adhering to custom instructions, giving you even more precise control over tone and behavior.

Updates you make in personalization settings now take effect across all chats right away, including ongoing conversations, so your experience stays consistent. Before, changes to base style and tone or custom instructions only applied to conversations started afterward.

What's next

Today's GPT-5.1 updates and new customization options are a step toward a ChatGPT that feels like it fits you-smarter, more enjoyable to talk to, and more adaptable to your preferences. Going forward, we'll continue improving along these dimensions-there's much more to come.

  • 2025
  • ChatGPT

Author

OpenAI

Keep reading

View all
Introducing IndQA

ResearchNov 3, 2025

Introducing Aardvark: OpenAI's agentic security researcher

SecurityOct 30, 2025

Technical Report: Performance and baseline evaluations of gpt-oss-safeguard-120b and gpt-oss-safeguard-20b

SafetyOct 29, 2025

OpenAI Inc. published this content on November 12, 2025, and is solely responsible for the information contained herein. Distributed via Public Technologies (PUBT), unedited and unaltered, on November 12, 2025 at 19:13 UTC. If you believe the information included in the content is inaccurate or outdated and requires editing or removal, please contact us at [email protected]