Annual Report for Fiscal Year Ending 12-31, 2025 (Form 10-K)

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of Cadre Holdings, Inc. (D/B/A The Safariland Group) ("Cadre," "the Company" "we," "us" and "our") should be read together with our audited consolidated financial statements together with related notes thereto, included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. A discussion of changes in our financial condition and the results of operations from the year ended December 31, 2024 to December 31, 2023 can be found in Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed on March 11, 2025. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect future plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance. The forward-looking statements are dependent upon events, risks and uncertainties that may be outside of Cadre's control. Our actual results may differ significantly from those projected in the forward- looking statements. Factors that might cause future results to differ materially from those projected in the forward- looking statements include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the sections entitled "Risk Factors" and "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain total amounts may not foot due to rounding.

Overview and 2025 Financial Highlights

Cadre is a global leader in the manufacturing and distribution of safety equipment and other related products for the law enforcement, first responder, military and nuclear markets. Our equipment provides critical protection to allow its users to safely and securely perform their duties and protect those around them in hazardous or life-threatening situations. Through our dedication to superior quality, we establish a direct covenant with end users that our products will perform and keep them safe when they are most needed. We sell a wide range of products including body armor, explosive ordnance disposal equipment, duty gear, remote handling solutions, containers for the storage of radioactive materials, and ventilation and containment solutions through both direct and indirect channels. In addition, through our owned distribution, we serve as a one-stop shop for first responders providing equipment we manufacture as well as third-party products including uniforms, optics, boots, firearms and ammunition. The majority of our diversified product offering is governed by rigorous safety standards and regulations. Demand for our products is driven by technological advancement as well as recurring modernization and replacement cycles for the equipment to maintain its efficiency, effective performance and regulatory compliance.

We service the ever-changing needs of our end users by investing in research and development for new product innovation and technical advancements that continually raise the standards for safety equipment. Our target end user base includes domestic and international first responders such as state and local law enforcement, fire and rescue, explosive ordnance disposal technicians, emergency medical technicians, fishing and wildlife enforcement and departments of corrections, as well as federal agencies including DoS, DoW, DoI, DoJ, DHS, DoC, DoE and numerous foreign government agencies in over 100 countries.

In April 2025, the Company acquired Zircaloy for $98.9 million.

In January 2026, the Company acquired TYR Tactical, LLC for $174.0 million.

The following table sets forth a summary of our financial highlights for the periods indicated:

Net sales increased by $42.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to December 31, 2024, primarily as a result of the recent acquisitions and higher demand for duty gear products, partially offset by a decline in EOD products and existing nuclear safety products.

Net income increased by $8.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily as a result of higher gross profit partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses from acquisitions, acquisition related costs, higher interest expense, and higher stock compensation expense.

KEY PERFORMANCE METRICS

Orders backlog

We monitor our orders backlog, which we believe is a forward-looking indicator of potential sales. Our orders backlog for products includes all orders that have been received and are believed to be firm. Due to municipal government procurement rules, in certain cases orders included in backlog are subject to budget appropriation or other contract cancellation clauses. Consequently, our orders backlog may differ from actual future sales. Orders backlog can be helpful to investors in evaluating the performance of our business and identifying trends over time.

The following table presents our orders backlog as of the periods indicated:

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Orders comprising backlog as of a given balance sheet date are typically invoiced in subsequent periods. A substantial portion of our products are processed and shipped within 60 days of an order being placed, though the fulfillment time for certain products, for example, explosive ordnance disposal equipment, may take three months or longer. Our orders backlog could experience volatility between periods, including as a result of customer order volumes and the speed of our order fulfillment, which in turn may be impacted by the nature of products ordered, the amount of inventory on hand and the necessary manufacturing lead time.

Orders backlog increased by $61.0 million as of December 31, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024, primarily due to increases of $51.3 million from the Zircaloy acquisition, $12.5 million from global EOD, $3.7 million from chemiluminescent products and $1.6 million from U.S. government and international channels for duty gear holsters, partially offset by reductions of $7.7 million from existing nuclear safety products.

DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN COMPONENTS OF FINANCIAL DATA

Net sales

We recognize revenue when a contract exists with a customer that specifies the goods and services to be provided at an agreed upon sales price and when the performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the goods or service to the customer. The performance obligation is considered satisfied when control transfers, which is generally determined when products are shipped or delivered to the customer but could be delayed until the receipt of customer acceptance, depending on the terms of the contract. The Company also has certain long-term contracts that contain performance obligations that are satisfied over time. The Company invoices the customer once the billing milestone is reached and collects under customary short-term credit terms. For long-term contracts, the Company recognizes revenue using the input method based on costs incurred, as this method is an appropriate measure of progress toward the complete satisfaction of the performance obligation.

At the time of revenue recognition, we also provide for estimated sales returns and miscellaneous claims from customers as reductions to revenues. Charges for shipping and handling fees billed to customers are included in net sales. Taxes collected from customers and remitted to government authorities are reported on a net basis and are excluded from sales. See Note 1 "Significant Accounting Policies - Revenue Recognition" to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We generate sales primarily through our four main sales channels: U.S. state and local agencies, international, U.S. federal agencies, and commercial.

Costs and Expenses

Cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold includes raw material purchases, manufacturing-related labor costs, contracted labor, project costs, shipping costs, allocated manufacturing overhead, facility costs, depreciation and amortization, and product warranty costs.

Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expense includes personnel-related costs, professional services, marketing and advertising expense, research and development, depreciation and amortization, and impairment charges.

Restructuring and transaction costs. Restructuring costs consist primarily of termination benefits and relocation of employees, termination of operating leases and other contracts related to consolidating or closing facilities. Transaction costs consist of legal fees and consulting costs related to one-time transactions.

Related party expense. Related party expense primarily consists of one-time fees paid to related parties for transaction related services.

Interest expense. Interest expense consists primarily of interest on outstanding debt.

Other income (expense), net. Other income (expense), net primarily consists of gains and losses from foreign currency transactions.

Provision for income taxes. A provision or benefit for income tax is calculated for each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. The provision or benefit for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The benefit or provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from differences between the book and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. See Note 16 "Income Taxes" in our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

In order to reflect the way our chief operating decision maker reviews and assesses the performance of the business, Cadre has determined that it has two reportable segments - the Product segment, which is comprised of components that manufacture and sell products, and the Distribution segment, which is comprised of our business that serves as a one-stop shop for law enforcement agencies that sells goods produced by the Product segment, as well as other third-party products.Segment information is consistent with how the chief operating decision maker, our chief executive officer, reviews the business, makes investing and resource allocation decisions and assesses operating performance.

The following table presents data from our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands unless otherwise noted):

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The following table presents segment data for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):

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Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2025 to Year Ended December 31, 2024

Net sales. Product segment net sales increased by $46.1 million, or 9.3%, from $497.6 million to $543.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to 2024, primarily due to increases of $49.2 million from the Zircaloy acquisition and $19.0 million from stronger demand for global duty gear products, partially offset by decreases of $15.5 million from EOD and $6.7 million from existing nuclear safety products. Distribution segment net sales decreased by $0.5 million or 0.5%, from $105.4 million to $104.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to 2024, primarily due to decreased agency demand for hard goods. Reconciling items consist primarily of intercompany eliminations.

Cost of goods sold. Product segment cost of goods sold increased by $19.2 million, or 6.7%, from $287.9 million to $307.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to 2024 primarily due to the Zircaloy acquisition, increased volume, and increased costs to manufacture product, partially offset by a decrease in inventory step-up amortization and continuous improvement projects. Product segment gross profit as a percentage of net sales increased by 137 basis points to 43.5% in 2025 from 42.2% in 2024 mainly driven by increased volume, favorable pricing net of material inflation, and a decrease in inventory step-up amortization, partially offset by labor and overhead inflation. Distribution segment cost of goods sold increased by $0.2 million, or 0.3%, from $81.6 million to $81.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to 2024 primarily due to driven by unfavorable mix. Distribution segment gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased by 57 basis points to 22.0% in 2025 from 22.5% in 2024 mainly driven by unfavorable mix. Reconciling items consist primarily of intercompany eliminations.

Selling, general and administrative. SG&A increased by $24.8 million, or 15.7%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to 2024 primarily due to the Zircaloy acquisition, increased employee compensation and associated benefits, and professional services expenses.

Restructuring and transaction costs. Restructuring and transaction costs increased by $1.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to 2024 primarily due to the Zircaloy and TYR acquisitions.

Related party expense. Related party expense decreased by $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to 2024 and primarily consisted of a $1.0 million fee paid to Kanders & Company, Inc., a company controlled by our Chief Executive Officer, in connection with the acquisition of Zircaloy for the year ended December 31, 2025,and a $1.8 million feepaid to Kanders & Company, Inc. in connection with the acquisition of Alpha Safety for the year ended December 31, 2024, in each case the expense is related to transaction services.

Interest expense. Interest expense increased by $4.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to 2024 primarily due to the addition of the incremental debt related to recent acquisitions.

Other income (expense), net. Other income, net was $7.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to Other expense, net of $4.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Provision for income taxes. Provision for income taxes increased by $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to 2024. The effective tax rate was 29.2% for the year ended December 31, 2025 and was higher than the statutory rate due to state taxes, acquisition related expenses and executive compensation, partially offset by equity-based compensation. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the effective tax rate was 33.4% and was higher than the statutory rate due to state taxes, transaction expenses and executive compensation, partially offset by research and development tax credits.

NON-GAAP MEASURES

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, which are non-GAAP financial measures that we use to supplement our results presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. EBITDA is defined as net income before depreciation and amortization expense, interest expense and provision for income tax. Adjusted EBITDA represents EBITDA that excludes restructuring and transaction costs, other (income) expense, net, stock-based compensation expense, stock-based compensation payroll tax expense, long-term incentive plan ("LTIP") bonus, amortization of inventory step-up, and contingent consideration expense as these items do not represent our core operating performance.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are performance measures that we believe are useful to investors and analysts because they illustrate the underlying financial and business trends relating to our core, recurring results of operations and enhance comparability between periods. Adjusted EBITDA is considered by our board of directors and management as an important factor in determining performance-based compensation.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not recognized measures under U.S. GAAP and are not intended to be a substitute for any U.S. GAAP financial measure and, as calculated, may not be comparable to other similarly-titled measures of performance of other companies. Investors should exercise caution in comparing our non-GAAP measures to any similarly titled measures used by other companies. These non-GAAP financial measures exclude certain items required by U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to information reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The table below presents our EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA reconciled to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures for the periods indicated:

Adjusted EBITDA increased by $6.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to 2024, primarily due to recent acquisitions and favorable pricing net of material inflation, partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity refers to our ability to generate sufficient cash flows to meet the cash requirements of our business operations, including working capital needs, capital expenditures, debt service, acquisitions and other commitments. Our principal sources of liquidity have been cash provided by operating activities, cash on hand and amounts available under our revolving loans and other available borrowings under our existing credit facilities.

For the year ended December 31, 2025, net cash provided from operating activities was $63.7 million and as of December 31, 2025, cash and cash equivalents totaled $122.9 million. We believe that our cash flows from operations and cash on hand, and available borrowing capacity under our existing credit facilities (as described below) will be adequate to meet our liquidity requirements for at least the twelve months following the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our future capital requirements will depend on several factors, including (i) the timing and extent of capital expenditures, including investments in our manufacturing facilities and

equipment, (ii) the size and timing of acquisitions and other strategic investments, (iii) the timing of debt service requirements, and (iv) general economic conditions and other factors affecting our business. We could be required, or could elect, to seek additional funding through public or private equity or debt financings; however, additional funds may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, our existing stockholders may experience dilution, and any new indebtedness could include restrictive covenants that limit our operating flexibility.

Debt

As of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $307.3 million and $223.2 million in outstanding debt, net of debt discounts and debt issuance costs, respectively, primarily related to the term loan facilities.

2024 Credit Agreement

On December 20, 2024 (the "2024 Credit Agreement Closing Date"), the Company refinanced its existing credit facilities and entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "2024 Credit Agreement"), whereby Safariland, LLC, as borrower (the "2024 Borrower"), the Company, and certain domestic subsidiaries of the 2024 Borrower, as guarantors (the "2024 Guarantors"), closed on and received funding under the 2024 Credit Agreement with PNC, as administrative agent, swingline lender, and issuing lender, along with several other lenders (collectively, the "2024 Lenders"). The 2024 Credit Agreement amends and restates the 2021 Credit Agreement in its entirety.

Pursuant to the 2024 Credit Agreement, the 2024 Borrower (i) borrowed $225.0 million under a term loan facility (the "2024 Term Loans"), (ii) may borrow up to $175.0 million under a revolving credit facility (the "2024 Revolving Loan"), including up to $30.0 million for letters of credit and up to $10.0 million for swingline loans, (iii) may borrow up to $115.0 million under a delayed draw term loan A-1 facility (the "DDTL A-1 Facility") available through June 20, 2025, and (iv) may borrow up to $75.0 million under a delayed draw term loan A-2 facility (the "DDTL A-2 Facility") available through June 20, 2026. Each of these facilities matures on December 20, 2029. The proceeds of the 2024 Term Loans were used to refinance the outstanding term loans under the 2021 Credit Agreement and to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with entering into the 2024 Credit Agreement. The 2024 Credit Agreement also permits the 2024 Borrower, subject to certain requirements, to arrange with lenders for an aggregate of $100.0 million (or more if certain leverage ratios are met) of additional revolving and/or term loan commitments (both of which are currently uncommitted).

The 2024 Borrower may elect to have borrowings under the 2024 Credit Agreement bear interest at either (i) a base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.50% per annum or (ii) a term SOFR rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.50% per annum, in each case based on the Company's consolidated total net leverage ratio. The 2024 Borrower is also required to pay a commitment fee on the unused portion of the 2024 Revolving Loan, the DDTL A-1 Facility, and the DDTL A-2 Facility, ranging from 0.175% to 0.25% per annum, based on the Company's consolidated total net leverage ratio.

The 2024 Term Loans require scheduled quarterly principal payments of 1.25% of the original aggregate principal amount, beginning March 31, 2025, with the balance due at maturity.

The 2024 Credit Agreement is guaranteed, jointly and severally, by the 2024 Guarantors and, subject to certain exceptions, secured by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of the 2024 Borrower and the 2024 Guarantors pursuant to an Amended and Restated Security and Pledge Agreement and an Amended and Restated Guaranty and Suretyship Agreement, each dated as of the 2024 Credit Agreement Closing Date.

The 2024 Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, and affirmative and negative covenants, including limitations on additional indebtedness, dividends, and other distributions, entry into new lines of business, use of loan proceeds, capital expenditures, restricted payments, restrictions on liens on the assets of the 2024 Borrower or any 2024 Guarantor, transactions with affiliates, amendments to organizational documents, accounting changes, sale and leaseback transactions, dispositions, and mandatory prepayments in connection with certain liquidity events. Additionally, the 2024 Credit Agreement contains certain restrictive debt covenants, which require us to: (i) maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.25 to 1.00, starting with the quarter ended December 31, 2024, which is to be determined for each quarter end on a trailing four quarter basis and (ii) maintain a quarterly maximum consolidated total net leverage ratio of 4.00 to 1.00 from the quarter ended December 31, 2024 until the quarter ended March 31, 2026, and thereafter 3.50 to 1.00, which is in each case to be determined on a trailing four quarter basis; provided that under certain circumstances and subject to certain limitations, in the event of a material acquisition, we may temporarily increase the consolidated total net leverage ratio by up to 0.50 to 1.00 for four fiscal quarters following such acquisition, subject to a maximum

consolidated total net leverage ratio of 4.00 to 1.00. Furthermore, the 2024 Credit Agreement also includes customary events of default, including non-payment of principal, interest, or fees, violation of covenants, inaccuracy of representations and warranties, failure to make payments on other material indebtedness, bankruptcy and insolvency events, material judgments, and change of control provisions. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, and after the expiration of any applicable grace period, payment of any outstanding loans under the 2024 Credit Agreement may be accelerated, and the Lenders could foreclose on their security interests in the assets of the Borrower and the Guarantors.

In April 2025, in connection with the Zircaloy acquisition, the Company drew $97.5 million of the $115.0 million available under the DDTL- A-1 Facility. The DDTL- A-1 Facility has the same terms and conditions as the 2024 Term Loan, including such items as interest rate, quarterly amortization payment requirements, and maturity date.

There were no amounts outstanding under the 2024 Revolving Loan or the DDTL A-2 Facility as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. As of March 6, 2026, there was $62.5 million outstanding under the 2024 Revolving Loan.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all applicable covenants under the 2024 Credit Agreement.

The foregoing description of the 2024 Credit Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.1to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 23, 2024, and is incorporated herein by reference as though fully set forth herein.

Canadian Credit Facility

On October 14, 2021, Med-Eng Holdings ULC and Pacific Safety Products Inc., the Company's Canadian subsidiaries, as borrowers (the "Canadian Borrowers"), and Safariland, LLC, as guarantor (the "Canadian Guarantor"), closed on a line of credit pursuant to a Loan Agreement (the "Canadian Loan Agreement") and a Revolving Line of Credit Note (the "Note") with PNC Bank Canada Branch ("PNC Canada"), as lender pursuant to which the Canadian Borrowers may borrow up to CDN$10.0 million under a revolving line of credit (including up to $3.0 million for letters of credit) (the "Revolving Canadian Loan"). The Revolving Canadian Loan matures on July 23, 2026. The Canadian Loan Agreement is guaranteed by the Canadian Guarantor pursuant to a Guaranty and Suretyship Agreement.

The Canadian Borrowers may elect to have borrowings either in United States dollars or Canadian dollars under the Canadian Loan Agreement, which will bear interest at a base rate or SOFR, in each case, plus an applicable margin, in the case of borrowings in United States dollars, or at a Canadian Prime Rate (as announced from time to time by PNC Canada) or a Canadian deposit offered rate ("CDOR") as determined from time to time by PNC Canada in accordance with the Canadian Loan Agreement. The applicable margin for these borrowings will range from 0.50% to 1.50% per annum, in the case of base rate borrowings and Canadian Prime Rate borrowings, and 1.50% to 2.50% per annum, in the case of SOFR borrowings and CDOR borrowings. The Canadian Loan Agreement also requires the Canadian Borrowers to pay (i) an unused line fee on the unused portion of the loan commitments in an amount ranging between 0.175% and 0.25% per annum, based upon the level of the Company's consolidated total net leverage ratio, and (ii) an upfront fee equal to 0.25% of the principal amount of the Note.

There were no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Canadian Loan as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

The Canadian Loan Agreement also contains customary representations and warranties, and affirmative and negative covenants, including, among others, limitations on additional indebtedness, entry into new lines of business, entry into guarantee agreements, making of any loans or advances to, or investments in, any other person, restrictions on liens on the assets of the Canadian Borrowers and mergers, transfers of assets and acquisitions. The Canadian Loan Agreement and Note also contain customary events of default that include, among others, non-payment of principal, interest or fees, violation of covenants, inaccuracy of representations and warranties, failure to make payment on, or defaults with respect to, certain other material indebtedness, bankruptcy and insolvency events, material judgments and change of control provisions. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, and after the expiration of any applicable grace period, payment of any outstanding loans under the Canadian Loan Agreement may be accelerated. As of March 6, 2026, there were no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Canadian Loan.

The foregoing description of the Canadian Loan Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Canadian Loan Agreement, which is exhibit 10.18 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and is incorporated herein by reference as though fully set forth herein.

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Cash Flows

The following table presents a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated:

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Net cash provided by operating activities

During the year ended December 31, 2025, net cash provided by operating activities of $63.7 million resulted primarily from net income of $44.1 million, a $18.6 million add back to net income for depreciation and amortization, a $12.2 million add back to net income for stock-based compensation, a $2.4 million deduction for unrealized foreign exchange transaction gains and a $16.2 million deduction from net income from changes in operating assets and liabilities. Changes in operating assets and liabilities were driven by a $16.4 million decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities, a $3.6 million increase in inventory, and a $4.5 million increase in prepaid expenses and other assets, partially offset by a decrease in accounts receivable of $8.4 million.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash provided by operating activities of $31.8 million resulted primarily from net income of $36.1 million, a $16.4 million add back to net income for depreciation and amortization, a $8.4 million add back to net income for stock-based compensation, a $3.9 million add back for amortization of inventory step-up and a $36.4 million deduction from net income from changes in operating assets and liabilities. Changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily driven by an increase in accounts receivable of $24.9 million and a decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities of $15.6 million, partially offset by a decrease in inventories of $10.0 million.

Net cash used in investing activities

During the year ended December 31, 2025, we used $96.4 million of cash in investing activities, primarily consisting of $89.6 million for the acquisition of Zircaloy and $6.9 million for purchases of property and equipment.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, we used $147.4 million of cash in investing activities, primarily consisting of $141.8 million for the acquisition of ICOR and Alpha Safety and $5.7 million for purchases of property and equipment.

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

During the year ended December 31, 2025, net cash provided by financing activities of$31.6 million resulted primarily from proceeds from term loans of $97.5 million and proceeds from option exercises of $3.4 million, partially offset by principal payments on term loans of $13.8 million, taxes paid in connection with employee stock transactions of $40.2 million and dividends distributed of $15.4 million.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash provided by financing activities of$152.7 million resulted primarily from proceeds from term loans of $129.4 million and proceeds from the secondary offering, including option exercise, of $91.8 million, partially offset by principal payments on term loans of $43.3 million, payments for debt issuance costs of $3.1 million, taxes paid in connection with employee stock transactions of $5.3 million and dividends distributed of $13.9 million.

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations as of December 31, 2025 by period:

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not engage in off-balance sheet financing arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. Preparation of the financial statements requires us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that impact the reported amount of net sales and expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We consider an accounting judgment, estimate or assumption to be critical when the estimate or assumption is complex in nature or requires a high degree of judgment and when the use of different judgments, estimates and assumptions could have a material impact on ourconsolidated financial statements. While our significant accounting policies are described in more detail in Note 1 of our consolidated financial statements, we believe that the following accounting policies are those most critical to the judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements.

Business Combinations

We allocate the purchase price, including our estimate of contingent consideration, of our acquisitions to the assets and liabilities acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, based on their fair values at the date of acquisition. The fair values are primarily based on third-party valuations using our management assumptions that require significant judgments and estimates. The purchase price allocated to intangibles is based on unobservable factors, including but not limited to, projected revenues, expenses, customer attrition rates, royalty rates, and weighted average cost of capital, among others. The weighted average cost of capital uses a market participant's cost of equity and after-tax cost of debt and reflects the risks inherent in the cash flows. The unobservable factors we use are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable but are subject to estimation uncertainty.

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