How diabetes fuels heart disease among Latinos

For many Latino adults in the United States, diabetes isn't just about blood sugar, it's a warning sign for heart disease. Adults with diabetes are twice as likely to develop heart disease, and Latinos face higher rates of type 2 diabetes than non-Latino white adults, creating a double risk.

Liset Stoletniy, MD, a cardiologist at Loma Linda University International Heart Institute, says it's important for Latinos to understand they are at greater risk of developing diabetes due to a genetic predisposition to insulin resistance.

"Diabetes is a silent enemy. It doesn't just affect blood sugar. It damages the heart, kidneys, blood vessels, and the brain," says Stoletniy. "When sugars aren't controlled, every cell in the body suffers."

According to the U.S. Department of Health, about 11.5% of Latino adults in the U.S. have diagnosed diabetes, compared to 7.2% of non-Latino whites, and many more are living with the disease undiagnosed. In Latino communities, diabetes often develops at younger ages, setting the stage for early heart problems.

For older Latino patients, Stoletniy says years of living with uncontrolled diabetes is almost equivalent to carrying a heart disease diagnosis; the damage is already there.

Culture, food, and family traditions

While genetics play a role, diet and lifestyle are also major contributors. Traditional Latino foods hold deep cultural meaning but can become problematic when eaten in excess or prepared with saturated fats such as lard and oil.

"Tortillas and tamales are part of culture, and that's beautiful. But portion and preparation matter - one tortilla, not four, or tamales made without lard. Small changes protect the heart without erasing tradition," says Stoletniy.

She also emphasizes simple daily habits that make a difference. Eating a meal and then taking a 30-minute walk, for example, helps prevent sugar spikes and protects the heart.

Prevention remains the most powerful tool. That means encouraging exercise across generations and finding simple ways to make traditional foods healthier.

Five everyday habits to protect Latino hearts:

• Get regular checks for A1C, blood pressure, cholesterol, and weight

• Swap soda for water with lemon, fried foods for grilled, and lard for avocado oil.

• Make exercise a family activity like walking after dinner.

• Pay attention to stress and regulate with deep breathing, prayer, or mindfulness.

• Take medication consistently and as prescribed.

Prevention is powerful

Stoletniy is certain that Latinos have the strength to choose healthier options and add in more exercise to their daily lives to protect themselves from heart disease.  

While no one thanks a doctor for the heart attack they didn't have, Stoletniy insists prevention is the true victory.