Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Except as otherwise indicated or required by the context, all references in this Quarterly Report to the "Company," "Cactus," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Cactus, Inc. ("Cactus Inc.") and its consolidated subsidiaries. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes. The following discussion contains "forward-looking statements" that reflect our plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated as discussed in these forward-looking statements as a result of a variety of risks and uncertainties, which are difficult to predict, including those described above in "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," and in the risk factors included in "Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed may not occur. We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements except as otherwise required by law.
Executive Summary
Cactus is an equipment solutions provider primarily for onshore oil and gas markets. Cactus was founded in 2011 by a management group that previously operated two of the largest wellhead providers at the time. Since its formation, Cactus has rapidly grown to be a leading provider of wellhead solutions to the U.S. onshore market. With the acquisition of Cactus International, Cactus became a global wellhead supplier.
On February 28, 2023, Cactus acquired FlexSteel, which grew from its founding in 2003 to its current status as a leading provider of spoolable pipe technologies, primarily to the U.S. onshore market. We believe this acquisition enhances our position as a premier manufacturer and provider of highly engineered equipment primarily to the exploration and production ("E&P") industry and provides opportunities for meaningful growth. FlexSteel's spoolable technology products complement Cactus's pressure control equipment, and the combined business allows for exposure to customers' operations from production trees to transportation of oil, gas and other liquids, as well as to additional customers operating in the midstream area.
On January 1, 2026, Cactus completed the acquisition of Cactus International, a global provider of wellhead and pressure control equipment and services with operations across key international oil and gas markets. The acquisition significantly expands the Company's geographic footprint, diversifies its customer base, manufacturing, service and operational capabilities, and enhances its ability to serve customers globally. As a result of the acquisition, Cactus is now a global wellhead supplier with meaningful exposure to both U.S. and international drilling and production activity.
Demand for our products and services depends primarily upon oil and gas industry activity levels, including the number of active drilling rigs, the number of wells being drilled, the number of wells being completed, and the volume of newly producing wells, among other factors.
Revenues
Our revenues are derived from three sources: products, rentals, and field service and other. Product revenues are derived from the sale of wellhead systems, production trees and spoolable pipe and fittings. Rental revenues are derived from the rental of equipment used during the completion process, the repair of such equipment, and the rental of equipment or tools used to install wellhead equipment or spoolable pipe. Field service and other revenues are earned when we provide installation and other field services for both product sales and equipment rental.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, we derived 76% of total revenues from the sale of our products, 5% of total revenues from rental and 19% of total revenues from field service and other. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we derived 76% of total revenues from the sale of our products, 8% of total revenues from rental and 16% of total revenues from field service and other. We have worldwide operations, including the U.S., Saudi Arabia, UAE, and China, with more limited operations in Australia and Canada, as well as sales in other international markets.
We operate in two business segments consisting of the Pressure Control segment and the Spoolable Technologies segment.
Pressure Control
The Pressure Control segment designs, manufactures, sells and rents a range of wellhead and pressure control equipment under the Cactus Wellhead brand and, following the acquisition of Cactus International on January 1, 2026, includes a broader portfolio of surface pressure control products and services serving customers in key international oil and gas markets. Products are
sold and rented principally for onshore conventional and unconventional oil and gas wells and are utilized during the drilling, completion and production phases of our customers' wells. In addition, we provide field services for our products and rental equipment to assist with the installation, maintenance and handling of the equipment.
We operate through service centers in the United States that are strategically located in key oil and gas producing regions. These service centers support our field services and provide equipment assembly and repair services. Through our legacy operations and Cactus International, we also maintain service, rental and operational capabilities across numerous international markets, including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Australia. Pressure Control manufacturing and production facilities are located in Bossier City, Louisiana; Suzhou, China; Saudi Arabia; Abu Dhabi; and Hai Duong, Vietnam, supporting both domestic and international customer demand.
Demand for our Pressure Control product sales is driven primarily by the number of new wells drilled, as each new well requires a wellhead and, following the completion phase, a production tree. Demand for our rental equipment is driven primarily by well completions, as we rent frac trees to oil and gas operators to support hydraulic fracturing activities. Rental demand is also driven, to a lesser extent, by drilling activity through the rental of tools used in wellhead installation. Field service and other revenues are closely correlated with product sales and rental activity, as equipment sold or rented generally requires an associated service component.
Spoolable Technologies
The Spoolable Technologies segment designs, manufactures, and sells spoolable pipe and associated end fittings under the FlexSteel brand. Our customers use these products primarily as production, gathering, and takeaway pipelines to transport oil, gas or other liquids. In addition, we also provide field services and rental items to assist our customers with the installation of these products. We support our field service operations through service centers and pipe yards located in oil and gas regions throughout the United States and Western Canada. Our manufacturing facility is located in Baytown, Texas.
Demand for our product sales in the Spoolable Technologies segment is driven primarily by the number of wells being placed into production after the completions phase, as customers use our spoolable pipe and associated fittings to bring wells more rapidly onto production. Rental and field service and other revenues are closely correlated with revenues from product sales, as items sold usually have an associated rental and service component.
Recent Developments and Trends
Oil and Natural Gas Prices
The following table summarizes average oil and natural gas prices over the indicated periods, as well as industry activity levels as reflected by the average number of active onshore drilling rigs during the same periods.
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Three Months Ended
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Nine Months Ended
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September 30, 2026
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June 30, 2026
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September 30, 2026
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September 30, 2025
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Brent Oil Price ($/bbl) (1)
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$
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96.30
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$
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102.63
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$
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93.15
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$
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71.00
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WTI Oil Price ($/bbl) (2)
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$
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87.12
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$
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95.65
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$
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85.25
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$
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67.31
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Natural Gas Price ($/MMBtu) (3)
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$
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2.87
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$
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2.95
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$
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3.49
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$
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3.45
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U.S. Land Drilling Rigs (4)
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575
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538
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548
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551
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International Land Drilling Rigs (4)
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850
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814
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835
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837
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(1) EIA Europe Brent spot price.
(2) EIA Cushing, OK West Texas Intermediate ("WTI") spot price.
(3) EIA Henry Hub Natural Gas spot price per million British Thermal Unit ("MMBtu").
(4) Based on data made publicly available by Baker Hughes Company.
The Company's operating results continue to be impacted by conditions in the oil and gas industry, which are primarily driven by global commodity prices, drilling and completion activity levels, and supply and demand dynamics.
Average WTI and Brent oil prices decreased approximately 9% and 6%, respectively, in the third quarter of 2026 compared to the second quarter of 2026, as the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. and Iran in mid-June led to a period of reduced commodity prices. The expiration of this Memorandum in August has led to a recent increase in commodity prices. Oil price levels have been highly volatile as geopolitical tensions remain escalated in the Middle East, and the ability to export oil through the Strait of Hormuz and the Red Sea remains uncertain. Oil prices for the nine months ended September 30, 2026, are well above prices for the same period of 2025 due to the conflict in the Middle East. Average Henry Hub natural gas prices remained stable in the third quarter of 2026.
In the third quarter of 2026, average U.S. land drilling activity levels were up 7% compared to the second quarter of 2026, as private operators responded to higher commodity prices. U.S. land drilling activity levels for the nine months ending September 30, 2026, are relatively in line with levels for the nine months ending September 30, 2025. International land drilling levels increased approximately 4% from the second quarter of 2026, led by recovering activity in the Middle East and strengthening activity in Europe.
U.S. Trade Policies
Over the course of 2025 and 2026, the Trump administration implemented and announced a number of new tariffs, including new Section 232 tariffs of 50% on imports of steel and certain products made from steel from most countries outside of the U.S. Threats and actual implementation of tariffs continue to cause market and geopolitical uncertainty. Tariff announcements and implementation have caused global equity, bond, and currency markets to experience heightened levels of volatility as market participants incorporate potential effects of supply chain disruption, inflation, and consumer demand into pricing models. In February 2026, the United States Supreme Court ruled that certain tariffs were unlawful, resulting in the implementation of alternative tariffs under Section 122 and further market uncertainty. The Section 122 tariffs expired in July 2026 and were replaced by subsequent Section 301 tariffs with similar cost impacts. As a result of the Supreme Court ruling, we filed claims for and have received certain tariff refunds and believe that we have received the majority of amounts due to us. We will continue to monitor the situation closely, but there is no guarantee that any future refund claim will be honored. The refunds received and being pursued represent a limited component of the overall tariff impact incurred by the Company as the most material tariffs incurred by the Company under Section 232 and 301 remain unchanged.
We are incurring, and expect to continue to incur, elevated tariff expenses on our goods imported from Vietnam and China, and experience generally higher steel input costs at our Bossier City and Baytown manufacturing facilities primarily as a result of the broad Section 232 tariffs. Both tariffs and higher steel input costs have impacted profitability, although the impact has been partially mitigated by cost reduction and tariff recovery efforts.
Geopolitical Developments in the Middle East
Geopolitical conditions in the Middle East continue to disrupt global oil supplies, maintaining upward pressure on energy prices and contributing to volatility in international markets. Our operations in the region have been adversely impacted, and we continue to prioritize the safety of personnel in the region. We have experienced and expect to continue to experience disruptions to our operations, our customers' drilling activities, employee movement, and our supply chain, along with increased freight and logistics costs due to the conflict. In addition to disruptions to traffic through the Strait of Hormuz, escalating Houthi attacks in Saudi Arabia and continued security concerns in the region have created additional challenges for commercial shipping in the Red Sea. We will continue to monitor these developments and adjust our operations and supply chain activities to mitigate their impact. The duration, severity and ultimate impact of these conditions on our operations and financial results remain uncertain.
Pillar Two Framework
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ("OECD") has introduced a framework ("Pillar Two") that provides for a new, global minimum tax of at least 15% on the income of large multinational corporations arising in each jurisdiction in which they operate. Pillar Two is being implemented on a country-by-country basis, and many countries have adopted rules in this regard. On January 5, 2026, the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework formally released a side-by-side package implementing this understanding, together with related simplifications and safe harbors. The side-by-side solution only takes legal effect in a given jurisdiction once that jurisdiction enacts implementing legislation or guidance. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of Pillar Two, and the associated adoption of that legislation by local jurisdictions, across the jurisdictions in which it operates, and estimates the impacts to income tax expense to be immaterial.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
A discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates is contained in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have not been any changes in our critical accounting policies since December 31, 2025.
Consolidated Results of Operations
The following discussions relating to significant line items from our condensed consolidated statements of income are based on available information and represent our analysis of significant changes or events that impact the comparability of reported amounts. Where appropriate, we have identified specific events and changes that affect comparability or trends and, where reasonably practicable, have quantified the impact of such items.
We have two operating segments consisting of the Pressure Control segment and the Spoolable Technologies segment. Our results of operations are evaluated by the Chief Executive Officer on a consolidated basis as well as at the segment level. The performance of our operating segments is primarily evaluated based on segment operating income (in addition to other measures), which is defined as income before taxes and before interest income (expense), net, other income (expense), net and corporate and other expenses not allocated to the operating segments.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2026 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2026
The following table presents a summary of the segment consolidated operating results for the periods indicated:
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Three Months Ended
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September 30, 2026
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June 30, 2026
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$ Change
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% Change
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(in thousands)
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Revenues
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Pressure Control
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$
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304,829
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$
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343,995
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$
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(39,166)
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(11.4)%
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Spoolable Technologies
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126,868
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105,533
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21,335
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20.2
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Corporate and other
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(809)
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-
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(809)
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|
|
-
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|
Total revenues
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430,888
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|
449,528
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(18,640)
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(4.1)
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Operating income
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Pressure Control
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61,528
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59,154
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2,374
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4.0
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Spoolable Technologies
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41,597
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32,168
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9,429
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29.3
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Total segment operating income
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103,125
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91,322
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|
11,803
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12.9
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Corporate and other expenses
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(9,077)
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(7,740)
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(1,337)
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(17.3)
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Total operating income
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94,048
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|
83,582
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|
|
10,466
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|
|
12.5
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Interest income, net
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766
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|
949
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(183)
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(19.3)
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Income before income taxes
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94,814
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|
|
84,531
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|
|
10,283
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|
|
12.2
|
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Income tax expense
|
20,723
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|
|
23,151
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|
(2,428)
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|
|
(10.5)
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Net income
|
74,091
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|
|
61,380
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|
|
12,711
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|
|
20.7
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|
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interest
|
11,927
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|
|
12,384
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|
|
(457)
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|
|
(3.7)
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|
Net income attributable to Cactus Inc.
|
$
|
62,164
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|
|
$
|
48,996
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|
|
$
|
13,168
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|
|
26.9%
|
|
nm = not meaningful
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|
Pressure Control. Pressure Control revenue for the third quarter of 2026 was $304.8 million, a decrease of $39.2 million, or 11.4%, from the second quarter of 2026 primarily due to lower shipments to customers in the Middle East, which more than offset domestic revenue gains. Pressure Control operating income of $61.5 million for the third quarter of 2026 increased $2.4 million, or 4.0% from the second quarter of 2026, as lower operating leverage and reduced tariff recoveries of $5.6 million were more than offset by continued strength in spares and repair margins in the Middle East and lower purchase accounting-related adjustments, which declined from $20.0 million to $9.4 million in the quarter.
Spoolable Technologies. Spoolable Technologies revenue for the third quarter of 2026 was $126.9 million, an increase of $21.3 million, or 20.2% from the second quarter of 2026 primarily due to growth in both domestic and international shipments. Total operating income for Spoolable Technologies for the third quarter of 2026 was $41.6 million, compared to operating income of $32.2 million for the second quarter of 2026, an increase of $9.4 million, or 29.3%, sequentially. The increase in operating income was primarily due to improved operating leverage.
Corporate and other. Corporate and other revenue represents the elimination of inter-segment sales from our Pressure Control segment to our Spoolable Technologies segment. Corporate and other expenses include costs associated with executive management and other administrative functions not directly attributable to our reporting segments. Corporate and other expenses for the third quarter of 2026 was $9.1 million, an increase of $1.3 million, or 17.3% from the second quarter of 2026 primarily due to higher transaction and personnel costs.
Interest income, net. Interest income, net was $0.8 million for the third quarter of 2026 compared to $0.9 million for the second quarter of 2026, with the decrease due to lower interest income earned on lower amounts of cash invested during the third quarter. The interest income, net is primarily comprised of interest income earned on the invested cash balance.
Income tax expense. Income tax expense for the third quarter of 2026 was $20.7 million compared to $23.2 million for the second quarter of 2026. Cactus Inc. is only subject to federal and state income tax on its share of income from Cactus Companies. Income allocated to the non-controlling interest is only taxable to the non-controlling interest.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
The following table presents a summary of the segment consolidated operating results for the periods indicated:
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|
|
|
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|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
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|
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|
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2026
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2025
|
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$ Change
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% Change
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(in thousands)
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Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Pressure Control
|
$
|
948,996
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|
|
$
|
538,763
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|
|
$
|
410,233
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|
|
76.1%
|
|
Spoolable Technologies
|
322,301
|
|
|
284,043
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|
|
38,258
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|
|
13.5
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|
Corporate and other
|
(2,532)
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|
|
(4,958)
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|
|
2,426
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|
|
48.9
|
|
Total revenues
|
1,268,765
|
|
|
817,848
|
|
|
450,917
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|
|
55.1
|
|
Operating income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure Control
|
159,287
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|
|
141,189
|
|
|
18,098
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|
|
12.8
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|
Spoolable Technologies
|
97,332
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|
|
77,735
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|
|
19,597
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|
|
25.2
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|
Total segment operating income
|
256,619
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|
|
218,924
|
|
|
37,695
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|
|
17.2
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|
Corporate and other expenses
|
(29,485)
|
|
|
(28,273)
|
|
|
(1,212)
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|
|
(4.3)
|
|
Total operating income
|
227,134
|
|
|
190,651
|
|
|
36,483
|
|
|
19.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income, net
|
1,935
|
|
|
7,820
|
|
|
(5,885)
|
|
|
(75.3)
|
|
Other income, net
|
-
|
|
|
221
|
|
|
(221)
|
|
|
(100.0)
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
229,069
|
|
|
198,692
|
|
|
30,377
|
|
|
15.3
|
|
Income tax expense
|
53,377
|
|
|
45,352
|
|
|
8,025
|
|
|
17.7
|
|
Net income
|
175,692
|
|
|
153,340
|
|
|
22,352
|
|
|
14.6
|
|
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interest
|
31,626
|
|
|
27,164
|
|
|
4,462
|
|
|
16.4
|
|
Net income attributable to Cactus Inc.
|
$
|
144,066
|
|
|
$
|
126,176
|
|
|
$
|
17,890
|
|
|
14.2%
|
|
nm = not meaningful
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure Control. Pressure Control revenue was $949.0 million for the first nine months of 2026, an increase of $410.2 million, or 76.1%, from the first nine months of 2025, primarily driven by international contributions from the newly acquired Cactus International joint venture. Operating income of $159.3 million in the first nine months of 2026 increased $18.1 million, or 12.8%, from the first nine months of 2025. The increase was primarily driven by higher operating income from Cactus International and tariff cost recovery, including the receipt of refunds of $15.9 million, which was more than offset by the impacts of purchase accounting and ongoing Section 232 and Section 301 tariff-related costs negatively affecting product margins compared to prior year.
Spoolable Technologies. Spoolable Technologies revenue for the first nine months of 2026 was $322.3 million, an increase of $38.3 million, or 13.5%, from the first nine months of 2025, primarily due to higher customer activity levels in international markets. Total operating income was $97.3 million in the first nine months of 2026, an increase of $19.6 million, or 25.2%,
compared to operating income of $77.7 million in the first nine months of 2025. The increase was driven in part by improved operating leverage.
Corporate and other. Corporate and other revenue represents the elimination of inter-segment sales from our Pressure Control segment to our Spoolable Technologies segment. Corporate and other expenses include costs associated with executive management and other administrative functions not directly attributable to our reporting segments. Corporate and other expenses for the first nine months of 2026 was $29.5 million, an increase of $1.2 million, or 4.3% from the first nine months of 2025. The increase was largely attributable to professional fees and integration expenses associated with the Baker Hughes Transaction.
Interest income, net. Interest income, net for the first nine months of 2026 was $1.9 million, compared to $7.8 million for the first nine months of 2025. The decrease was due to lower interest income earned on lower amounts of cash invested during the first nine months of 2026 as a result of the utilization of cash to fund the Baker Hughes Transaction.
Income tax expense. Income tax expense for the first nine months of 2026 was $53.4 million compared to $45.4 million for the first nine months of 2025. The increase in income tax expense from the first nine months of 2025 was primarily due to increase in taxes associated with foreign operations.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At September 30, 2026, we had $354.2 million of cash and cash equivalents. Our primary sources of liquidity and capital resources are cash on hand, cash flows generated by operating activities, and borrowings under our Amended ABL Credit Facility (as defined in Note 7 in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements). Depending upon market conditions and other factors, we may also have the ability to issue additional equity and debt if needed. As of September 30, 2026, we had $263.5 million of available borrowing capacity under our U.S. and UAE revolving credit facilities with no outstanding borrowings, in addition to $100.0 million available under our Term Loan Facility (as defined in Note 7 in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements) and $14.7 million in letters of credit outstanding. We were in compliance with the covenants of the Amended ABL Credit Facility as of September 30, 2026. Additionally, we have indemnified Baker Hughes for $13.9 million of contingent liabilities associated with letters of credit in support of Cactus International operations, which do not reduce the borrowing capacity under our Amended ABL Credit Facility.
In June 2023, our board of directors authorized the Company to repurchase shares of its Class A common stock for an aggregate purchase price of up to $150 million. Under our share repurchase program, shares may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions or block trades, in privately negotiated transactions, or any other method permitted under U.S. securities laws, rules and regulations. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to purchase any particular amount of shares, and the repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time at the Company's discretion. As of September 30, 2026, $146.3 million remained authorized for future repurchases of Class A common stock under the program.
We expect that our existing cash on hand, cash generated from operations and available borrowings under our Amended ABL Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility will be sufficient for the next 12 months to meet our material cash requirements, including working capital requirements, debt service obligations, anticipated capital expenditures, lease obligations, repurchases of shares of our Class A common stock, expected TRA liability payments, anticipated tax liabilities and dividends to holders of our Class A common stock as well as pro rata cash distributions to holders of CC Units other than Cactus Inc.
For the full year 2026, the Company expects its net capital expenditures to be approximately $65 million. The estimate includes the placement of orders for long-lead equipment related to the Middle East Spoolable Technologies manufacturing facility and the ongoing Baytown facility expansion. The Board of Directors has also approved the investment of capex related to the Spoolable Technologies business in the Eastern hemisphere, with initial capital outlays included in the Company's guidance. In the Pressure Control segment, capital expenditures are primarily related to U.S. service center enhancements, rental fleet investments, and international expansion, and less material investments in low-cost supply chain.
Our ability to satisfy our long-term liquidity requirements, including cash requirements to fund income tax liabilities and the TRA liability at Cactus Inc., along with associated distributions to holders of CC Units relating to their ownership of Cactus Companies, depends on our future operating performance, which is affected by, and subject to, prevailing economic conditions, market conditions in the E&P industry, availability and cost of raw materials, and financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. We will not be able to predict or control many of these factors, such as economic conditions in the markets where we operate, and competitive pressures. If necessary, we would likely choose to reduce and delay or defer our spending on capital expenditures and operating expenses to ensure we operate within the cash flow generated from our operations.
Cash Flows
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated:
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Nine Months Ended
September 30,
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2026
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2025
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(in thousands)
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Net cash provided by operating activities
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$
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251,255
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$
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186,148
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Net cash used in investing activities
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(341,651)
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(34,725)
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Net cash used in financing activities
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(51,520)
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(49,833)
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Net cash provided by operating activities was $251.3 million and $186.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Operating cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 increased primarily due to changes in working capital, largely driven by our recent acquisition of Cactus International.
Net cash used in investing activities was $341.7 million and $34.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 was primarily due to cash paid to acquire Cactus International for $371.0 million, less $70.0 million in cash acquired from the acquisition.
Net cash used in financing activities was $51.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to $49.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 was primarily related to an increase in the payment of Class A share dividends of $2.7 million and an increase in share repurchases of $2.2 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in distributions to members of Cactus Companies of approximately $3.4 million.