The EFTA Surveillance Authority (ESA) has today delivered a reasoned opinion to Norway for failing to implement EEA rules on port security correctly.

ESA's decision follows an inspection of the Norwegian Coastal Administration in March 2022, subsequent correspondence, and maritime security inspections conducted in 2023, 2024, and 2025. ESA has identified a systemic, long-standing administrative practice in Norway that restricts the scope of the port security framework by using a narrow interpretation of what constitutes a "port". As a result, several ports have not been covered by the required port security assessments.

EEA regulations concerning maritime security are designed to guarantee that sufficient measures are implemented throughout the entire maritime transport chain, extending beyond the limits of port facilities and terminals. Given increased global geopolitical tensions and related risks in Europe - including in Norway - the security of maritime infrastructure and related supply chains is essential to safeguard the internal market.

In ESA's view, Norway has failed to consistently apply EEA port security rules across all ports.

A reasoned opinion is the second step in formal infringement proceedings against an EEA EFTA State. Norway now has two months to take the necessary measures before ESA may decide to bring the cases to the EFTA Court.

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