Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund Inc.

07/09/2025 | Press release | Distributed by Public on 07/09/2025 12:04

Annual Report by Investment Company (Form N-CSR)

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
N-CSR
CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED
MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Investment Company Act file number
811-22014
Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)
60 State Street,
Boston
, MA 02109
(Address of principal executive offices) (ZIP code)
Christopher J. Kelley, Victory Capital Management, Inc.
60 State Street, Boston, MA 02109
(Name and address of agent for service)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (617)
742-7825
Date of fiscal year end: April 30, 2025
Date of reporting period: April 30, 2025
Form
N-CSR
is to be used by management investment companies to file reports with the Commission not later than 10 days after the transmission to stockholders of any report that is required to be transmitted to stockholders under Rule
30e-1
under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (17 CFR
270.30e-1). The
Commission may use the information provided on Form
N-CSR
in its regulatory, disclosure review, inspection, and policymaking roles.
A registrant is required to disclose the information specified by Form
N-CSR,
and the Commission will make this information public. A registrant is not required to respond to the collection of information contained in Form
N-CSR
unless the Form displays a currently valid Office of Management and Budget ("OMB") control number. Please direct comments concerning the accuracy of the information collection burden estimate and any suggestions for reducing the burden to Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20549-0609. The OMB has reviewed this collection of information under the clearance requirements of 44 U.S.C. ss. 3507.
ITEM 1. REPORT TO STOCKHOLDERS.
Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc.
Annual Report | April 30, 2025
Ticker Symbol: HNW
visit us: www.pioneerinvestments.com
Table of Contents
Portfolio Management Discussion
2
Portfolio Summary
12
Prices and Distributions
13
Performance Update
14
Schedule of Investments
16
Financial Statements
44
Notes to Financial Statements
50
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
73
Additional Information (unaudited)
75
Investment Objectives, Principal Investment Strategies and Principal Risks
76
Effects of Leverage
113
Approval of Renewal of Investment Management Agreement with Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. and Approval of Interim Investment Advisory Agreement with Victory Capital Management Inc.
115
Directors, Officers and Service Providers
126
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Portfolio Management Discussion | 4/30/25
Note to Stockholders: Effective April 1, 2025, Victory Capital Management Inc. ("Victory Capital") serves as the Adviser. See Note 10 to the Financial Statements for more information.
On May 6, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Fund approved a plan of liquidation of the Fund. The liquidation pursuant to the plan will be submitted to Fund stockholders for approval at a Special Meeting. The Board recommends that stockholders of the Fund vote for the liquidation of the Fund at the Special Meeting. The Fund has submitted a proxy statement to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to the proposal to liquidate the Fund. Copies of the Fund's proxy statement will also be mailed to each stockholder of record of the Fund. Stockholders are advised to read the Fund's proxy statement when it is available because it will contain important information.
In the following interview, Andrew Feltus, Jonathan Sharkey and Chin Liu discuss the factors that affected the performance of Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc. during the 12-month period ended April 30, 2025. Mr. Feltus, a Managing Director and Co-Director of High Yield, and a portfolio manager at Victory Capital, Mr. Sharkey, a senior vice president and a portfolio manager at Victory Capital, and Mr. Liu, Managing Director, Director of Insurance-Linked Securities (ILS) and Fixed-Income Solutions, and a portfolio manager at Victory Capital, are responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.
Q How did the Fund perform during the 12-month period ended April 30, 2025?
A Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc. returned 11.66% at net asset value (NAV) and 15.87% at market price during the 12-month period ended April 30, 2025. During the same 12-month period, the Fund's composite benchmark returned 8.15% at NAV. The Fund's composite benchmark is based on equal weights of the ICE Bank of America (ICE BofA) Global High Yield and Crossover Country Corporate and Government Index and the Morningstar/Loan Syndications & Trading Association (Morningstar/LSTA) Leveraged Loan Index.
Individually, during the 12-month period ended April 30, 2025, the ICE BofA Global High Yield and Crossover Country Corporate and Government Index returned 10.13%, and the Morningstar/LSTA Leveraged Loan Index returned 6.16%. Unlike
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the Fund, the composite benchmark and its component indices do not use leverage. While the use of leverage increases investment opportunity, it also increases investment risk.
During the same 12-month period, the average return at NAV of the 34 closed end funds in Morningstar's High Yield Bond Closed End Funds category (which may or may not be leveraged) was 11.04%, while the same closed end fund Morningstar category's average return at market price was 15.99%.
The shares of the Fund were selling at a 5.02% discount to NAV on April 30, 2025. Comparatively, the Fund's shares were selling at a discount to NAV of 8.47% on April 30, 2024.
On April 30, 2025, the standardized 30-day SEC yield of the Fund's shares was 10.40%*.
Q Which of the Fund's investment strategies contributed positively to the Fund's benchmark-relative performance during the 12-month period?
A The Fund is leveraged, which magnifies market movements. This proved additive to benchmark-relative returns during the 12-month period, driven by the market's positive performance during the period. With respect to ratings categories, the Fund's tilt toward lower quality issues within the high yield corporate bond market benefited benchmark relative results during the 12-month period, as non-rated issues outperformed the higher-rated "BB" in which the fund was underweight.
With regard to individual security selection, Abra Global Finance and Aeromexico, two issuers related to air transportation in Latin America, outperformed as a result of bankruptcy resolutions. Abra Global closed on a series of refinancing deals to begin restructuring existing debt.
The Fund's allocation to securitized investments was a slight contributor to the Fund's return during the 12-month period, with the Fund's asset-backed securities (ABS) holdings being the most significant contributors in that asset class. The primary
* The 30-day SEC yield is a standardized formula that is based on the hypothetical annualized earning power (investment income only) of the Fund's portfolio securities during the period indicated.
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driver of the ABS performance was the Fund's position in a servicing advance deal. Residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) holdings were a slight drag on the Fund's relative returns, despite each security in the RMBS sector achieving positive absolute performance as housing credit remains very strong.
The Fund's allocation to insurance-linked securities (ILS) aided the Fund's benchmark-relative performance during the 12-month period. During the period we increased the Fund's allocation to ILS from 19.0% to 20.4% of the Fund's total managed assets. One of the main value propositions of ILS, in our view, continues to be that the sources of risk and return for the asset class have remained structurally uncorrelated to the performance of the vast majority of other asset classes. That characteristic was a factor in the positive performance for ILS during the 12- month period. The continued elevated pricing trends associated with underwriting ILS risk, along with increased loss retention levels by insurance companies, helped drive the positive performance of the Fund's ILS holdings during the period. The 2024 North Atlantic Hurricane Season actual results stood at 18 Named Storms, 11 Hurricanes and 5 Major Hurricanes. Many of these events did not make landfall in the U.S. For those making U.S. landfalls, most of the insured losses were retained by insurance companies, with a small impact on the reinsurance industry.
A top performer within the Fund's allocation to bank loans was LA Fitness. LA Fitness continued to show operational improvements/deleveraging as it continues to prosper post COVID gym closures, and also is viewed as tariff resistant.
Q Which investment strategies detracted from the Fund's benchmark-relative performance results during the 12-month period ended April 30, 2025?
A From a high yield sector allocation perspective, the top detractors from benchmark-relative performance included the Fund's underweight positions in the media and telecommunications sectors, as well as the Fund's overweight positions within the basic industry and energy sectors. Within the basic industry sector, Cornerstone Building Brands, a leading manufacturer of external building products, underperformed as a result of the
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slowdown of housing in the second half of 2024. A meatpacker in Paraguay, Frigorifico Concepcion, underperformed as a result of accounting concerns, and we decided it was prudent for the Fund to exit the position.
Bank loans had positive performance during the period, but underperformed high yield and bonds and ILS due to a drop off in performance in the months of March and April centered around tariff implications and the potential recessionary affect that they might have. A loan issued by Inneos Quatro detracted from the Fund's performance during the 12-month period. Inneos Quattro, which is a global petrochemicals producer with end-markets including packaging, construction, automotive, electronics and household performed poorly during the first quarter of 2025, and was negatively impacted by the overall negative macro uncertainty for chemicals resulting from tariff implications.
Q Did the Fund's distributions
**
to stockholders change during the 12-month period ended April 30, 2025?
A The Fund's monthly distribution rate increased in May 2024 from $0.0900 to $0.0975, and again in February 2025 to $0.1000. The amount of distributions made to stockholders during the period was in excess of the net investment income earned by the Fund during the period. The Fund has accumulated undistributed net investment income which is part of the Fund's net asset value (
"
NAV
"
). A portion of this accumulated net investment income was distributed to stockholders during the period.
Q How did the level of leverage in the Fund change during the 12-month period ended April 30, 2025?
A The Fund employs leverage through a credit agreement. As of April 30, 2025, 29.6% of the Fund's total managed assets were financed by leverage, or borrowed funds, compared with 28.4% of the Fund's total managed assets financed by leverage at the start of the 12-month period on May 1, 2024. During the 12-month period, the Fund increased the amount of funds borrowed by a total of $2.0 million, to $43 million as of April 30, 2025. The change in the percentage of the Fund's total managed assets financed by leverage during the 12-month period was the result
** Dividends/Distributions are not guaranteed.
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of an increase in the absolute amount of funds borrowed. The interest rate on the Fund's leverage decreased by 94 basis points from May 1, 2024 to April 30, 2025.
Q Did the Fund have any exposure to derivatives during the 12- month period ended April 30, 2025?
A Yes, we invested the Fund's portfolio in forward foreign currency exchange contracts (currency forwards) and other currency- related derivatives during the period, which had a positive effect on benchmark-relative performance. These investments were made in an effort to hedge positions bought in non-dollar securities. In addition, the Fund's small position in U.S. futures contracts had a negligible effect relative to returns.
Q What is your investment outlook, and how is the Fund positioned heading into its new fiscal year?
A The endpoint for US tariff rates will be an important driver to the domestic economy and financial markets. The outlook for that landing spot remains opaque, particularly given the lack of a clear and achievable objective for tariff policy. Consensus expectations have generally coalesced around the following: (1) the 10% universal tariff will remain but the most extreme reciprocal tariffs will not be implemented, (2) the tariffs on China will be lowered from 145% to around 60%, and (3) sectoral tariffs of 25% will remain on steel, aluminum and autos. While this may be the most likely outcome, it is far from certain, and we view the distribution of potential tariff outcomes as being skewed higher relative to the current consensus. Under this tariff scenario, the US economy could muddle through with slower, but positive, economic growth in the second half of the year. If tariffs end up materially higher than current expectations, however, a US growth recession seems likely in coming quarters. The outlook for Fed policy is similarly bimodal as the dual mandate of stable prices (inflation) and maximum employment (growth) appear to be in tension. We do not expect the Fed to preemptively ease monetary policy to prevent a tariff-driven, or supply shock, recession, particularly when prices are rising sharply, but we do anticipate that the Fed would be willing to ease aggressively to reduce the severity of a recession that is clearly under way.
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On a longer-term basis, we have been contemplating the effect that the growth of private credit has had on the public High Yield bond and leveraged loans markets. Private credit has been growing steadily, as institutional investors have been willing to accept the much lower liquidity associated with private credit in exchange for its higher returns and lower volatility with no independent or market driven mark-to-market. Instead, valuations for private credit are provided by private credit managers. To achieve private credit investors' return expectations, private credit funds, which are already burdened by the product's higher fees, have targeted investments in higher-spread, higher-risk investments.
As we have noted, historically the High Yield bond market has increased in quality over time, with BBs now having the greatest weight in the index. This trend has been underway for multiple years and we believe it is at least partially due to private credit's thirst for higher spread credit risk. Competition has also grown within private credit, with spreads declining and terms loosening with features such as reduced call protection and Pay-In-Kind coupon options being added. Further, multiple private credit firms have seen substantial asset growth and now have the capability of lending over $1 billion to a single borrower, which allows them to compete with public markets for opportunities.
Overall, we believe the below Investment Grade credit markets have been tiering, with High Yield attracting larger and relatively higher credit quality issuers, leveraged loans attracting midsized mid-B issuers suited for Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs), and private credit attracting smaller and more aggressively financed issuers. We believe this tiering may help explain High Yield's decreasing dollar-weighted default rate, which leads to our expectation that future High Yield returns may be relatively less affected by credit losses. Of course, we expect periods of interest rate and spread volatility to keep High Yield returns volatile. Longer-term, we believe the migration of mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts and other higher credit risk financings to the private credit markets will result in average future default rates for the public High Yield bond market being below historic long-term averages.
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Strategically, with a longer-term view that private credit is financing some of the riskier credits, which means the typical High Yield issuer is becoming larger and relatively less aggressively financed, we believe High Yield spreads of at least 300 basis points over Treasuries may have the ability to generate attractive excess returns over the economic cycle. Tactically, on a shorter-term basis, we question whether High Yield spreads will return to levels below 300 basis points, where they spent all of the fourth quarter of 2024 and nearly all of the first quarter of 2025, considering the likelihood that the US economy slows on tariff and migration concerns.
We view High Yield valuations as "cautious but not panicked," and consider the economy as likely to slow but as also likely to avoid entering a recession, which we realize is the consensus view. However, this was before the shock emanating from President Trump's tariffs, which we believe may further reduce economic growth.
Overall, we have slightly reduced the Fund's allocation to commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS). There is very little exposure to the office sector in the Fund's CMBS allocation, as we remain cautious in relation to this subsector of the securitized market. We believe that the office sector must be delineated between the haves and have nots of the sector. While older sub-standard buildings are struggling to retain and attract tenants, much of the newer stock has attracted tenants that are willing to pay a premium for the newest product on the block. Offices built since 2010 have had positive absorption over the past year. Older non-renovated buildings have seen their values plummet over the past year and we believe that they will continue to struggle to re-finance. We believe there will be more pain to come in the office sector as loans come up to their maturity dates.
Loans typically feature floating interest rates and, therefore, typically have very short durations. Therefore, we think this means that loans may have the potential to take advantage of higher front-end yields on the Treasury curve. Considering the prospects for short-term rates to remain higher for longer than the futures market projects, we continue to be positive on the leveraged loan market in both the U.S. and Europe. CLO issuance
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has been active, creating steady demand for loans rated B or higher. We believe the loan market's lack of new borrowers, due to limited mergers & acquisition activity, provides demand for loans both in the U.S. and Europe, except for weaker B- and CCC borrowers which can be problematic for CLOs. Private credit funds have refinanced many of these higher risk borrowers. If the economy slides into recession, we would expect defaults to increase and for defaults to be concentrated in the lower part of B and the CCC ratings buckets. We expect technical factors within the loan market to remain favorable in both the U.S. and Europe, as CLOs are the largest owners of loans. We believe the loan market is likely to continue to see active issuance in 2025 with an emphasis on refinancing.
One of the main value propositions of ILS, including catastrophe bonds, continues to be that the source of the risk and return is structurally uncorrelated from the vast majority of other asset classes. This characteristic has continued to exhibit itself as we start 2025 and as we have observed over the past few years, especially when compared to the volatility in nearly all traditional asset classes. The majority of the calendar year return stream in the ILS marketplace has tended to occur in the second half of the year, driven by seasonality. In years with normal loss activity, historically around 60% to 70% of the annual return has come from the second half of the year.
The main focus of the Fund continues to be income and the higher level of rates has helped. Our cost of leverage has declined slightly as the Fed has begun the process of easing, this should allow some flexibility, although it might be accompanied by a more difficult environment for high yield bonds. We believe security selection will be more important going forward, and we've seen distressed securities struggle lately. Our team of analysts will focus on seeking to identify mispriced securities in an effort to help the Fund's performance.
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Please refer to the Schedule of Investments on pages 15 - 42 for a full listing of Fund securities.
All investments are subject to risk, including the possible loss of principal. In the past several years, financial markets have experienced increased volatility and heightened uncertainty. The market prices of securities may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably, due to general market conditions, such as real or perceived adverse economic, political, or regulatory conditions, recessions, inflation, changes in interest or currency rates, lack of liquidity in the bond markets, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues or adverse investor sentiment. These conditions may continue, recur, worsen or spread.
Investments in high-yield or lower-rated securities are subject to greater-than-average risk. The Fund may invest in securities of issuers that are in default or that are in bankruptcy.
Investing in foreign and/or emerging markets securities involves risks relating to interest rates, currency exchange rates, economic, and political conditions.
When interest rates rise, the prices of debt securities held by the Fund will generally fall. Conversely, when interest rates fall the prices of debt securities held by the Fund generally will rise. Investments held by the Fund are subject to possible loss due to the financial failure of the issuers of the underlying securities and the issuers' inability to meet their debt obligations.
The Fund may invest a significant amount of its total assets in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities may be difficult to dispose of at a price reflective of their value at the times when the Fund believes it is desirable to do so and the market price of illiquid securities is generally more volatile than that of more liquid securities. Illiquid securities also are more difficult to value, and investment of the Fund's assets in illiquid securities may restrict the Fund's ability to take advantage of market opportunities.
The Fund is authorized to borrow from banks and issue debt securities, which are forms of leverage. The Fund currently employs leverage through a credit agreement. Leverage creates significant risks, including the risk that the Fund's incremental income or capital appreciation for investments purchased with the proceeds of leverage will not be sufficient to cover the cost of the leverage, which may adversely affect the return for stockholders.
The Fund is required to maintain certain regulatory and other asset coverage requirements in connection with the use of leverage. In order to maintain required asset coverage levels, the Fund may be required to reduce the amount of leverage employed, alter the composition of the Fund's investment portfolio or take other actions at what might be inopportune times in the market. Such
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actions could reduce the net earnings or returns to stockholders over time, which is likely to result in a decrease in the market value of the Fund's shares.
Certain securities in which the Fund invests, including floating rate loans, once sold, may not settle for an extended period (for example, several weeks or even longer). The Fund will not receive its sale proceeds until that time, which may constrain the Fund's ability to meet its obligations.
The Fund may invest in insurance-linked securities. The return of principal and the right to additional payments from investments in insurance-linked securities are contingent on the non-occurrence of a predefined "trigger" event that leads to physical or economic loss, such as a hurricane or an aerospace catastrophe.
These risks may increase share price volatility.
Any information in this stockholders report regarding market or economic trends or the factors influencing the Fund's historical or future performance are statements of opinion as of the date of this report. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
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Portfolio Summary | 4/30/25
Portfolio Diversification
(As a percentage of total investments)*
10 Largest Holdings
(As a percentage of total investments)*
1. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., 7.697%, 10/15/97 (144A) 3.17%
2. Hercules LLC, 6.50%, 6/30/29 1.38
3. US Acute Care Solutions LLC, 9.75%, 5/15/29 (144A) 1.18
4. Limak Cimento Sanayi ve Ticaret AS, 9.75%, 7/25/29 (144A) 1.03
5. Energean Plc, 6.50%, 4/30/27 (144A) 1.03
6. Sammaan Capital, Ltd., 9.70%, 7/3/27 (144A) 1.00
7. Gol Finance S.A., 14.824% (1 Month Term SOFR
+
1,050 bps), 6/8/25 (144A)
0.97
8. Prime Healthcare Services, Inc., 9.375%, 9/1/29 (144A) 0.90
9. Global Aircraft Leasing Co., Ltd., 8.75%, 9/1/27 (144A) 0.89
10. First Quantum Minerals, Ltd., 8.625%, 6/1/31 (144A) 0.89
* Excludes short-term investments and all derivative contracts except for options purchased. The Fund is actively managed, and current holdings may be different. The holdings listed should not be considered recommendations to buy or sell any securities.
Amount rounds to less than 0.1%.
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Prices and Distributions | 4/30/25
Market Value per Share
^
4/30/25 4/30/24
Market Value $11.72 $11.45
Discount (5.02)% (8.47)%
Net Asset Value per Share^
4/30/25 4/30/24
Net Asset Value $12.34 $12.51
Distributions per Share*
Net Investment
Income
Short-Term
Capital Gains
Long-Term
Capital Gains
5/1/24 - 4/30/25 $1.5025 $- $-
Yields
4/30/25 4/30/24
30-Day SEC Yield 10.40% 6.79%
The data shown above represents past performance, which is no guarantee of future results.
^ Net asset value and market value are published in
Barron's
on Saturday,
The Wall Street Journal
on Monday and
The New York Times
on Monday and S
aturday
. Net asset value and market value are published daily on the Fund's website at www.pioneerinvestments.com.
* The amount of distributions made to stockholders during the period was in excess of the net investment income earned by the Fund during the period.
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Performance Update | 4/30/25
Investment Returns
The mountain chart below shows the change in market value, including reinvestment of dividends and distributions, of a $10,000 investment made in common shares of Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc. during the periods shown, compared to that of the (50%/50%) ICE BofA Global High Yield & Crossover Country Corporate & Government Index (Global High Yield/CCC & G Index) and Morningstar/LSTA Leveraged Loan Index benchmark, and the two indices that comprise the composite benchmark.
Value of $10,000 Investment
Average Annual Total Return
(As of April 30, 2025)
Period Net
Asset
Value
(NAV)
Market
Price
50% ICE BofA
Global High
Yield/CCC & G
Index/50%
Morningstar/
LSTA Leveraged
Loan Index
Morningstar/LSTA
Leveraged
Loan Index
ICE BofA
Global
High Yield/
CCC & G Index
10 Years 5.70% 5.73% 4.30% 4.88% 3.65%
5 Years 10.58 12.46 6.37 8.00 4.66
1 Year 11.66 15.87 8.15 6.16 10.13
Call 1-800-710-0935 or visit www.pioneerinvestments.com for the most recent month-end performance results. Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance data quoted.
Performance data shown represents past performance. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and market price will fluctuate, and your shares may trade below NAV due to such factors as interest rate changes and the perceived credit quality of borrowers.
(Please see the following page for additional performance and expense disclosure.)
Total investment return does not reflect broker sales charges or commissions. All performance is for common shares of the Fund.
Shares of closed-end funds, unlike open-end funds, are not continuously offered. There is a one-time public offering and, once issued, shares of closed-end funds are bought and sold in the open market through a stock exchange and frequently trade at prices lower than their NAV. NAV per common share is total assets less total liabilities, which include preferred shares or borrowings, as applicable, divided by the number of common shares outstanding.
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Performance Update | 4/30/25
When NAV is lower than market price, dividends are assumed to be reinvested at the greater of NAV or 95% of the market price. When NAV is higher, dividends are assumed to be reinvested at prices obtained through open-market purchases under the Fund's dividend reinvestment plan.
The performance table and graph do not reflect the deduction of fees and taxes that a stockholder would pay on Fund distributions or the sale of Fund shares. Had these fees and taxes been reflected, performance would have been lower.
The ICE BofA GHY/CCC & G Index is an unmanaged index that tracks the performance of the below-and border-line investment-grade global debt markets denominated in the major developed market currencies. The Index includes sovereign issuers rated BBB1 and lower along with corporate issues rated BB1 and lower. There are no restrictions on issuer country of domicile. The Morningstar/LSTA Leveraged Loan Index provides broad and comprehensive total return metrics of the U.S. universe of syndicated term loans.
Index returns are calculated monthly, assume reinvestment of dividends and do not reflect any fees, expenses or sales charges.
The indices do not use leverage. It is not possible to invest directly in an index.
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Schedule of Investments | 4/30/25
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
UNAFFILIATED ISSUERS - 140.2%
Senior Secured Floating Rate Loan
Interests - 5.8%
of Net Assets*(a)
Auto Parts & Equipment - 0.8%
687,468 First Brands Group LLC, First Lien 2021 Term Loan, 9.541% (Term SOFR
+
500 bps), 3/30/27
$    641,064
191,582 First Brands Group LLC, First Lien 2022-II Incremental Term Loan, 9.541% (Term SOFR
+
500 bps), 3/30/27
    178,830
Total Auto Parts & Equipment     
$
819,894
Auto Repair Centers - 0.4%
471,437 Champions Holdco, Inc., Initial Term Loan, 9.072% (Term SOFR
+
475 bps), 2/23/29
$    421,701
Total Auto Repair Centers     
$
421,701
Building & Construction - 0.5%
493,705 Service Logic Acquisition, Inc., Amendment No. 8 Refinancing Term Loan, 7.322% (Term SOFR
+
300 bps), 10/29/27
$    494,939
Total Building & Construction     
$
494,939
Chemicals-Diversified - 0.3%
396,000 Ineos Quattro Holdings UK Ltd., 2029 Tranche B Dollar Term Loan, 8.672% (Term SOFR
+
425 bps), 4/2/29
$    343,530
Total Chemicals-Diversified     
$
343,530
Chemicals-Specialty - 0.1%
122,151 Mativ Holdings, Inc., Term B Loan, 8.186% (Term SOFR
+
375 bps), 4/20/28
$    121,845
Total Chemicals-Specialty     
$
121,845
Commercial Services - 0.3%
382,112 DS Parent, Inc., Term Loan B, 9.799% (Term SOFR
+
550 bps), 1/31/31
$    339,125
Total Commercial Services     
$
339,125
Computer Services - 0.2%
159,600 Amentum Holdings, Inc., Initial Term Loan, 6.572% (Term SOFR
+
225 bps ), 9/29/31
$    157,904
Total Computer Services     
$
157,904
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Cruise Lines - 0.3%
353,225 LC Ahab US Bidco LLC, Second Amendment Incremental Term Loan, 7.322% (Term SOFR
+
300 bps), 5/1/31
$    344,394
Total Cruise Lines     
$
344,394
Dialysis Centers - 0.4%
401,902 U.S. Renal Care, Inc., Closing Date Term Loan, 9.436% (Term SOFR
+
500 bps), 6/20/28
$    372,094
Total Dialysis Centers     
$
372,094
Distribution & Wholesale - 0.3%
307,838 Windsor Holdings III LLC, 2025 Dollar Refinancing Term B Loan, 7.073% (Term SOFR
+
275 bps), 8/1/30
$    304,567
Total Distribution & Wholesale     
$
304,567
Electric-Generation - 0.6%
572,125 Alpha Generation LLC, Initial Term B Loan, 7.072% (Term SOFR
+
275 bps ), 9/30/31
$    572,751
Total Electric-Generation     
$
572,751
Electronic Composition - 0.1%
120,240 Natel Engineering Co., Inc., Initial Term Loan, 10.692% (Term SOFR
+
625 bps), 4/30/26
$    106,111
Total Electronic Composition     
$
106,111
Medical-Drugs - 0.8%
700,000 Bausch Health Cos, Inc., Initial Term Loan, 10.57% (Term SOFR
+
625 bps), 10/8/30
$    661,500
164,175 Endo Finance Holdings, Inc., 2024 Refinancing Term Loan, 8.322% (Term SOFR
+
400 bps), 4/23/31
    159,558
Total Medical-Drugs     
$
821,058
Pipelines - 0.2%
250,000 M6 ETX Holdings II Midco LLC, Initial Term Loan, 7.324% (Term SOFR
+
300 bps), 4/1/32
$    249,063
Total Pipelines     
$
249,063
Recreational Centers - 0.5%
536,286 Fitness International LLC, Term B Loan, 9.572% (Term SOFR
+
525 bps), 2/12/29
$    536,286
Total Recreational Centers     
$
536,286
Total Senior Secured Floating Rate Loan Interests
(Cost $6,236,506)
  
$
6,005,262
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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(continued)
Shares Value
Common Stocks - 0.6%
of Net Assets
Communications Equipment - 0.1%
16,729(b) Digicel International Finance Ltd. $    142,199
Total Communications Equipment     
$
142,199
Financial Services - 0.1%
152,704(b)
+
Unifin Financiera SAB de CV $      9,344
1,669 WOM Equity      50,905
Total Financial Services      
$
60,249
Household Durables - 0.0%
89,094(b) Desarrolladora Homex SAB de CV $          5
Total Household Durables           
$
5
Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels - 0.0%
6(b) Amplify Energy Corp. $         16
2,189(b) Petroquest Energy, Inc.         284
Total Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels         
$
300
Passenger Airlines - 0.4%
24,166(b) Grupo Aeromexico SAB de CV $    426,170
Total Passenger Airlines     
$
426,170
Professional Services - 0.0%
441,379(b)
+
Atento S.A. $         -
Total Professional Services          
$
-
Total Common Stocks
(Cost $518,273)
    
$
628,923
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Asset Backed Securities - 4.8%
of Net
Assets
500,000 ACC Auto Trust, Series 2022-A, Class D, 10.07%, 3/15/29 (144A) $    498,118
403,666 Ally Bank Auto Credit-Linked Notes, Series 2024-A, Class G, 12.748%, 5/17/32 (144A)      409,251
644,350 Ally Bank Auto Credit-Linked Notes, Series 2024-B, Class G, 11.395%, 9/15/32 (144A)      643,322
1,000,000 JPMorgan Chase Bank NA - CACLN, Series 2021-3, Class G, 9.812%, 2/26/29 (144A)   1,001,976
1,000,000(a) MCF CLO VII LLC, Series 2017-3A, Class ER, 13.681% (3 Month Term SOFR
+
941 bps), 7/20/33 (144A)
     992,748
500,000(c)
+
RMF Buyout Issuance Trust, Series 2022-HB1, Class M5, 4.50%, 4/25/32 (144A)       33,000
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Asset Backed Securities -
(continued)
650,000 Santander Bank Auto Credit-Linked Notes, Series 2022-A, Class E, 12.662%, 5/15/32 (144A) $    669,866
614,944 Santander Bank Auto Credit-Linked Notes, Series 2023-B, Class F, 12.24%, 12/15/33 (144A)     639,065
Total Asset Backed Securities
(Cost $5,240,775)
  
$
4,887,346
Collateralized Mortgage
Obligations-2.8%
of Net Assets
330,000(a) Connecticut Avenue Securities Trust, Series 2021-R01, Class 1B2, 10.354% (SOFR30A
+
600 bps), 10/25/41 (144A)
$    342,787
13,951(a) DSLA Mortgage Loan Trust, Series 2005-AR6, Class 2A1C, 5.274% (1 Month Term SOFR
+
95 bps), 10/19/45
      13,791
200,000(a) Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. STACR REMIC Trust, Series 2021-DNA7, Class B2, 12.154% (SOFR30A
+
780 bps), 11/25/41 (144A)
     212,750
450,000(a) Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. STACR REMIC Trust, Series 2021-HQA3, Class B2, 10.604% (SOFR30A
+
625 bps), 9/25/41 (144A)
     464,445
280,000(a) Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. STACR REMIC Trust, Series 2022-DNA2, Class B2, 12.854% (SOFR30A
+
850 bps), 2/25/42 (144A)
     303,378
545,000(a) Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. STACR Trust, Series 2019-DNA3, Class B2, 12.618% (SOFR30A
+
826 bps), 7/25/49 (144A)
     617,212
100,000(a) Federal National Mortgage Association Connecticut Avenue Securities, Series 2021-R02, Class 2B2, 10.554% (SOFR30A
+
620 bps), 11/25/41 (144A)
     104,323
16,497 Global Mortgage Securitization, Ltd., Series 2004-A, Class B1, 5.25%, 11/25/32 (144A)        6,761
640,000(a) STACR Trust, Series 2018-HRP2, Class B2, 14.968% (SOFR30A
+
1,061 bps), 2/25/47 (144A)
    784,800
Total Collateralized Mortgage Obligations
(Cost $2,626,147)
  
$
2,850,247
Commercial Mortgage-Backed
Securities-10.6%
of Net Assets
1,000,000(c) Benchmark Mortgage Trust, Series 2020-B18, Class AGNG, 4.535%, 7/15/53 (144A) $    966,285
500,000(a) BPR Trust, Series 2021-WILL, Class E, 11.186% (1 Month Term SOFR
+
686 bps), 6/15/38 (144A)
     486,777
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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(continued)
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Commercial Mortgage-Backed
Securities-
(continued)
507,500(a) BX Trust, Series 2022-PSB, Class F, 11.655% (1 Month Term SOFR
+
733 bps), 8/15/39 (144A)
$    503,348
6,921,526(c)(d) CD Mortgage Trust, Series 2016-CD1, Class XA, 1.475%, 8/10/49       53,671
10,690,391(c)(d) COMM Mortgage Trust, Series 2015-LC21, Class XA, 0.65%, 7/10/48          140
600,000(c) COMM Mortgage Trust, Series 2024-CBM, Class G, 8.192%, 12/10/41 (144A)      528,786
750,000(a) Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. Multifamily Structured Credit Risk, Series 2021-MN1, Class B1, 12.104% (SOFR30A
+
775 bps), 1/25/51 (144A)
     817,187
389,487(c) FREMF Mortgage Trust, Series 2019-KJ24, Class B, 7.60%, 10/25/27 (144A)      370,985
993,492(a) FREMF Mortgage Trust, Series 2019-KS12, Class C, 11.348% (SOFR30A
+
701 bps), 8/25/29
     956,976
111,356(a) FREMF Mortgage Trust, Series 2020-KF74, Class C, 10.698% (SOFR30A
+
636 bps), 1/25/27 (144A)
     103,163
186,564(a) FREMF Mortgage Trust, Series 2020-KF83, Class C, 13.448% (SOFR30A
+
911 bps), 7/25/30 (144A)
     175,660
1,000,000(e) FREMF Mortgage Trust, Series 2021-KG05, Class C, 0.000%, 1/25/31 (144A)      612,478
12,323,566(d) FREMF Mortgage Trust, Series 2021-KG05, Class X2A, 0.10%, 1/25/31 (144A)       52,979
1,000,000(d) FREMF Mortgage Trust, Series 2021-KG05, Class X2B, 0.10%, 1/25/31 (144A)        4,141
366,248(c)(d) GS Mortgage Securities Trust, Series 2014-GC24, Class XA, 0.406%, 9/10/47            3
500,000(a) HIH Trust, Series 2024-61P, Class G, 11.257% (1 Month Term SOFR
+
694 bps), 10/15/41 (144A)
     493,596
1,000,000(c) HTL Commercial Mortgage Trust, Series 2024-T53, Class F, 12.325%, 5/10/39 (144A)   1,040,016
500,000(c) JP Morgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust, Series 2013-LC11, Class D, 4.296%, 4/15/46      117,150
984,346(c)(d) JPMBB Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust, Series 2014-C24, Class XA, 0.862%, 11/15/47           18
4,728,798(c)(d) Morgan Stanley Capital I Trust, Series 2016-BNK2, Class XA, 1.075%, 11/15/49       47,924
5,458,537(c)(d) Morgan Stanley Capital I Trust, Series 2016-UB12, Class XA, 0.767%, 12/15/49       37,758
698,164(a) Multifamily Connecticut Avenue Securities Trust, Series 2020-01, Class M10, 8.218% (SOFR30A
+
386 bps), 3/25/50 (144A)
     708,461
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Commercial Mortgage-Backed
Securities-
(continued)
900,000(c) Natixis Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust, Series 2019-FAME, Class E, 4.544%, 8/15/36 (144A) $    445,694
290,000 Palisades Center Trust, Series 2016-PLSD, Class A, 2.713%, 4/13/33 (144A)      211,410
179,909(c) Velocity Commercial Capital Loan Trust, Series 2020-1, Class M5, 4.29%, 2/25/50 (144A)      127,616
1,100,000 Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust, Series 2015-C28, Class E, 3.00%, 5/15/48 (144A)      866,808
1,660,500(c) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust, Series 2015-C31, Class E, 4.743%, 11/15/48 (144A)   1,157,209
Total Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities
(Cost $11,972,109)
$
10,886,239
Convertible Corporate Bonds - 1.9%
of Net Assets
Banks - 0.0%
IDR
812,959,000
PT Bakrie & Brothers Tbk, 12/31/25 $      3,232
Total Banks       
$
3,232
Chemicals - 1.9%
1,900,000(f) Hercules LLC, 6.50%, 6/30/29 $  1,986,729
Total Chemicals   
$
1,986,729
Total Convertible Corporate Bonds
(Cost $1,630,051)
  
$
1,989,961
Corporate Bonds - 83.6%
of Net Assets
Advertising - 1.5%
645,000 Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., 7.50%, 6/1/29 (144A) $    528,642
535,000 Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., 7.75%, 4/15/28 (144A)      444,050
625,000 Neptune Bidco US, Inc., 9.29%, 4/15/29 (144A)     556,250
Total Advertising   
$
1,528,942
Aerospace & Defense - 0.2%
214,000 Triumph Group, Inc., 9.00%, 3/15/28 (144A) $    224,487
Total Aerospace & Defense     
$
224,487
Airlines - 5.4%
1,558,536(g) ABRA Global Finance, 14.00% (8.00% PIK or 6.00% Cash), 10/22/29 (144A) $  1,059,804
1,460,000 Avianca Midco 2 Plc, 9.625%, 2/14/30 (144A)   1,274,887
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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(continued)
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Airlines - (continued)
1,403,766(a) Gol Finance S.A., 14.824% (1 Month Term SOFR
+
1,050 bps), 6/8/25 (144A)
$  1,403,766
505,000 Grupo Aeromexico S.A.B de CV, 8.25%, 11/15/29 (144A)      472,175
1,090,000 Grupo Aeromexico S.A.B de CV, 8.625%, 11/15/31 (144A)   1,008,523
285,000 Latam Airlines Group S.A., 13.375%, 10/15/29 (144A)     318,914
Total Airlines   
$
5,538,069
Auto Manufacturers - 0.4%
440,000 JB Poindexter & Co., Inc., 8.75%, 12/15/31 (144A) $    442,364
Total Auto Manufacturers     
$
442,364
Banks - 4.1%
1,135,000(c) Banco GNB Sudameris S.A., 7.50% (5 Year CMT Index
+
666 bps), 4/16/31 (144A)
$  1,101,260
685,000(c)(h) Banco Mercantil del Norte S.A., 8.375% (10 Year US Treasury Yield Curve Rate T Note Constant Maturity
+
776 bps) (144A)
     692,871
EUR
1,200,000
(c)(h)
CaixaBank S.A., 3.625% (5 Year EUR Swap
+
386 bps)
  1,234,058
275,000 Credito Real S.A.B de CV Escrow, 8.00%, 1/21/28       27,500
155,000 Freedom Mortgage Corp., 12.25%, 10/1/30 (144A)      170,543
865,000(c)(h)(i)
+
Sovcombank Via SovCom Capital DAC, 7.60% (5 Year CMT Index
+
636 bps) (144A)
          -
215,000(c)(h) UBS Group AG, 7.125% (5 Year USD SOFR Swap Rate
+
318 bps) (144A)
     205,622
230,000(c)(h) UBS Group AG, 9.25% (5 Year CMT Index
+
476 bps) (144A)
     257,092
490,000(c)(h) Yapi ve Kredi Bankasi AS, 9.743% (5 Year CMT Index
+
550 bps) (144A)
    494,616
Total Banks   
$
4,183,562
Biotechnology - 1.2%
EUR
1,080,000
Cidron Aida Finco S.a.r.l., 7.00%, 10/27/31 (144A) $  1,208,184
Total Biotechnology   
$
1,208,184
Building Materials - 2.6%
846,000 AmeriTex HoldCo Intermediate LLC, 10.25%, 10/15/28 (144A) $    871,496
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Building Materials - (continued)
464,000 Cornerstone Building Brands, Inc., 6.125%, 1/15/29 (144A) $    311,236
1,520,000 Limak Cimento Sanayi ve Ticaret AS, 9.75%, 7/25/29 (144A)   1,489,827
Total Building Materials   
$
2,672,559
Chemicals - 3.5%
735,000 Celanese US Holdings LLC, 6.95%, 11/15/33 $    736,426
300,000 LYB Finance Co. BV, 8.10%, 3/15/27 (144A)      317,676
415,000 Mativ Holdings, Inc., 8.00%, 10/1/29 (144A)      344,986
EUR
580,000
Olympus Water US Holding Corp., 9.625%, 11/15/28 (144A)      684,978
985,000 Olympus Water US Holding Corp., 9.75%, 11/15/28 (144A)   1,026,329
EUR
420,000
SCIL IV LLC/SCIL USA Holdings LLC, 9.50%, 7/15/28 (144A)     497,446
Total Chemicals   
$
3,607,841
Commercial Services - 3.2%
230,000 Allied Universal Holdco LLC, 7.875%, 2/15/31 (144A) $    234,913
585,000 Allied Universal Holdco LLC/Allied Universal Finance Corp., 9.75%, 7/15/27 (144A)      587,077
500,000 Avis Budget Car Rental LLC/Avis Budget Finance, Inc., 8.25%, 1/15/30 (144A)      498,850
473,000 Garda World Security Corp., 6.00%, 6/1/29 (144A)      442,427
660,000 Garda World Security Corp., 8.375%, 11/15/32 (144A)      651,040
558,000 Sotheby's, 7.375%, 10/15/27 (144A)      523,717
295,000 Williams Scotsman, Inc., 6.625%, 6/15/29 (144A)     298,947
Total Commercial Services   
$
3,236,971
Computers - 0.2%
155,000 Amentum Holdings, Inc., 7.25%, 8/1/32 (144A) $    157,672
Total Computers     
$
157,672
Diversified Financial Services - 8.3%
500,000(c)(h) Air Lease Corp., 4.125% (5 Year CMT Index
+
315 bps)
$    461,001
85,000 Freedom Mortgage Holdings LLC, 8.375%, 4/1/32 (144A)       83,133
640,000 Freedom Mortgage Holdings LLC, 9.125%, 5/15/31 (144A)      647,089
540,000 Freedom Mortgage Holdings LLC, 9.25%, 2/1/29 (144A)      550,093
EUR
235,000
Garfunkelux Holdco 3 S.A., 6.75%, 11/1/25 (144A)      185,145
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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(continued)
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Diversified Financial Services - (continued)
GBP
400,000
Garfunkelux Holdco 3 S.A., 7.75%, 11/1/25 (144A) $    374,222
1,295,000 Global Aircraft Leasing Co., Ltd., 8.75%, 9/1/27 (144A)   1,290,308
685,000 OneMain Finance Corp., 9.00%, 1/15/29      713,201
145,000 Planet Financial Group LLC, 10.50%, 12/15/29 (144A)      142,999
1,030,000 Provident Funding Associates LP/PFG Finance Corp., 9.75%, 9/15/29 (144A)   1,057,645
1,475,000 Sammaan Capital, Ltd., 9.70%, 7/3/27 (144A)   1,447,351
1,174,000
+
Unifin Financiera SAB de CV, 1/27/28           -
1,032,453(g) WOM Chile Holdco S.p.A., 5.00%, 4/1/32 (144A)   1,032,453
538,958(g) WOM Mobile S.A., 11.00%, 4/1/31 (144A)     544,348
Total Diversified Financial Services   
$
8,528,988
Electric - 0.9%
1,030,000 GDZ Elektrik Dagitim AS, 9.00%, 10/15/29 (144A) $    964,690
7,000 Vistra Operations Co. LLC, 5.625%, 2/15/27 (144A)       6,995
Total Electric     
$
971,685
Engineering & Construction - 1.1%
960,000 ASG Finance Designated Activity Co., 9.75%, 5/15/29 (144A) $    912,000
230,000 IHS Holding, Ltd., 6.25%, 11/29/28 (144A)     218,486
Total Engineering & Construction   
$
1,130,486
Entertainment - 2.1%
295,000 Light & Wonder International, Inc., 7.25%, 11/15/29 (144A) $    300,753
EUR
310,000
Lottomatica Group S.p.A., 7.125%, 6/1/28 (144A)      364,353
1,230,000 Mohegan Tribal Gaming Authority/MS Digital Entertainment Holdings LLC, 8.25%, 4/15/30 (144A)   1,229,802
310,000 Mohegan Tribal Gaming Authority/MS Digital Entertainment Holdings LLC, 11.875%, 4/15/31 (144A)     306,148
Total Entertainment   
$
2,201,056
Food - 0.5%
520,000 Fiesta Purchaser, Inc., 9.625%, 9/15/32 (144A) $    543,729
Total Food     
$
543,729
Forest Products & Paper - 0.5%
EUR
500,000
Fedrigoni S.p.A., 6.125%, 6/15/31 (144A) $    548,724
Total Forest Products & Paper     
$
548,724
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
24
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Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Healthcare-Services - 3.8%
800,800 Auna S.A., 10.00%, 12/15/29 (144A) $    854,454
1,365,000 Prime Healthcare Services, Inc., 9.375%, 9/1/29 (144A)   1,301,365
1,677,000 US Acute Care Solutions LLC, 9.75%, 5/15/29 (144A)   1,702,458
Total Healthcare-Services   
$
3,858,277
Insurance - 4.5%
4,106,000 Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., 7.697%, 10/15/97 (144A) $  4,577,062
Total Insurance   
$
4,577,062
Internet - 1.4%
1,285,000 Acuris Finance US, Inc./Acuris Finance S.a.r.l., 9.00%, 8/1/29 (144A) $  1,226,372
265,000 ION Trading Technologies S.a.r.l., 9.50%, 5/30/29 (144A)     256,637
Total Internet   
$
1,483,009
Iron & Steel - 2.4%
845,000 Carpenter Technology Corp., 7.625%, 3/15/30 $    869,601
325,000 Cleveland-Cliffs, Inc., 7.375%, 5/1/33 (144A)      305,521
613,000 Metinvest BV, 7.75%, 10/17/29 (144A)      488,027
870,000 TMS International Corp., 6.25%, 4/15/29 (144A)     804,932
Total Iron & Steel   
$
2,468,081
Leisure Time - 1.6%
100,000 Carnival Corp., 7.625%, 3/1/26 (144A) $    100,129
600,000 Cruise Yacht Upper HoldCo, Ltd., 11.875%, 7/5/28      583,075
740,000 NCL Corp., Ltd., 6.75%, 2/1/32 (144A)      722,565
245,000 Viking Cruises, Ltd., 6.25%, 5/15/25 (144A)     245,043
Total Leisure Time   
$
1,650,812
Lodging - 0.7%
800,000(j) Grupo Posadas SAB de CV, 7.00%, 12/30/27 (144A) $    727,711
Total Lodging     
$
727,711
Machinery-Diversified - 0.8%
EUR
760,000
(a)
Mangrove Luxco III S.a.r.l., 7.279% (3 Month EURIBOR
+
500 bps), 7/15/29 (144A)
$    859,501
Total Machinery-Diversified     
$
859,501
Media - 2.4%
400,000 CSC Holdings LLC, 5.375%, 2/1/28 (144A) $    349,555
300,000 CSC Holdings LLC, 11.75%, 1/31/29 (144A)      283,625
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc. |
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|
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25
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Schedule of Investments | 4/30/25
(continued)
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Media - (continued)
655,000 Gray Media, Inc., 10.50%, 7/15/29 (144A) $    672,346
1,210,000 McGraw-Hill Education, Inc., 8.00%, 8/1/29 (144A)   1,198,367
Total Media   
$
2,503,893
Mining - 1.5%
1,260,000 First Quantum Minerals, Ltd., 8.625%, 6/1/31 (144A) $  1,277,078
200,000 First Quantum Minerals, Ltd., 9.375%, 3/1/29 (144A)     209,790
Total Mining   
$
1,486,868
Oil & Gas - 12.8%
290,000 3R Lux S.a.r.l., 9.75%, 2/5/31 (144A) $    284,589
910,000 Baytex Energy Corp., 8.50%, 4/30/30 (144A)      845,603
310,488 Borr IHC, Ltd./Borr Finance LLC, 10.00%, 11/15/28 (144A)      264,070
228,350 Borr IHC, Ltd./Borr Finance LLC, 10.375%, 11/15/30 (144A)      195,398
85,000 Cenovus Energy, Inc., 6.75%, 11/15/39       89,427
520,000 Civitas Resources, Inc., 8.375%, 7/1/28 (144A)      510,870
370,000 Civitas Resources, Inc., 8.625%, 11/1/30 (144A)      356,605
520,000 Civitas Resources, Inc., 8.75%, 7/1/31 (144A)      494,275
1,510,000 Energean Plc, 6.50%, 4/30/27 (144A)   1,479,800
405,000 Kosmos Energy, Ltd., 7.75%, 5/1/27 (144A)      365,744
410,000 Kraken Oil & Gas Partners LLC, 7.625%, 8/15/29 (144A)      366,783
910,000 Long Ridge Energy LLC, 8.75%, 2/15/32 (144A)      866,510
1,247,475 MC Brazil Downstream Trading S.a.r.l, 7.25%, 6/30/31 (144A)      964,298
515,000 Nabors Industries, Ltd., 7.50%, 1/15/28 (144A)      409,835
955,000 Occidental Petroleum Corp., 4.40%, 4/15/46      678,004
800,000 Petroleos Mexicanos, 5.95%, 1/28/31      661,891
970,000 Shelf Drilling Holdings, Ltd., 9.625%, 4/15/29 (144A)      686,414
900,000 SierraCol Energy Andina LLC, 6.00%, 6/15/28 (144A)      827,839
860,000 Strathcona Resources, Ltd., 6.875%, 8/1/26 (144A)      843,082
440,000 Transocean, Inc., 6.80%, 3/15/38      271,070
280,000 Transocean, Inc., 8.25%, 5/15/29 (144A)      225,750
280,000 Transocean, Inc., 8.50%, 5/15/31 (144A)      216,451
785,000 Tullow Oil Plc, 10.25%, 5/15/26 (144A)      617,599
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
26
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Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Oil & Gas - (continued)
620,000 Wildfire Intermediate Holdings LLC, 7.50%, 10/15/29 (144A) $    567,300
110,000 YPF S.A., 8.75%, 9/11/31 (144A)     111,180
Total Oil & Gas
$
13,200,387
Oil & Gas Services - 1.1%
521,000 Archrock Partners LP/Archrock Partners Finance Corp., 6.875%, 4/1/27 (144A) $    520,267
566,000 Enerflex, Ltd., 9.00%, 10/15/27 (144A)     578,891
Total Oil & Gas Services   
$
1,099,158
Pharmaceuticals - 1.1%
675,000 Bausch Health Cos., Inc., 10.00%, 4/15/32 (144A) $    660,942
410,000 Owens & Minor, Inc., 10.00%, 4/15/30 (144A)      423,168
381,000
+
Par Pharmaceutical, Inc., 7.50%, 4/1/27 (144A)           -
300,000
+
Tricida, Inc., 5/15/27          -
Total Pharmaceuticals   
$
1,084,110
Pipelines - 4.4%
751,953 Acu Petroleo Luxembourg S.a.r.l., 7.50%, 1/13/32 (144A) $    754,267
510,000 Delek Logistics Partners LP/Delek Logistics Finance Corp., 7.125%, 6/1/28 (144A)      503,920
450,000(a) Energy Transfer LP, 7.555% (3 Month Term SOFR
+
328 bps), 11/1/66
     433,387
915,000(c)(h) Energy Transfer LP, 7.125% (5 Year CMT Index
+
531 bps)
     901,694
145,000 Oneok, Inc., 5.45%, 6/1/47      124,759
344,000 Oneok, Inc., 5.60%, 4/1/44      306,391
720,000 Summit Midstream Holdings LLC, 8.625%, 10/31/29 (144A)      709,298
575,000 Venture Global LNG, Inc., 8.375%, 6/1/31 (144A)      554,482
215,000 Venture Global LNG, Inc., 9.50%, 2/1/29 (144A)     222,790
Total Pipelines   
$
4,510,988
REITS - 1.6%
EUR
210,000
Alexandrite Monnet UK Holdco Plc, 10.50%, 5/15/29 (144A) $    261,088
890,000 Uniti Group LP/Uniti Fiber Holdings, Inc./CSL Capital LLC, 6.00%, 1/15/30 (144A)      795,921
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc. |
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|
4/30/25
27
Table of Contents
Schedule of Investments | 4/30/25
(continued)
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
REITS - (continued)
10,000 Uniti Group LP/Uniti Group Finance 2019, Inc./CSL Capital LLC, 6.50%, 2/15/29 (144A) $      9,148
526,000 Uniti Group LP/Uniti Group Finance 2019, Inc./CSL Capital LLC, 10.50%, 2/15/28 (144A)     558,499
Total REITS   
$
1,624,656
Retail - 0.5%
510,000 Cougar JV Subsidiary LLC, 8.00%, 5/15/32 (144A) $    528,838
Total Retail     
$
528,838
Telecommunications - 5.4%
695,000 Altice France Holding S.A., 6.00%, 2/15/28 (144A) $    215,558
607,000 Altice France Holding S.A., 10.50%, 5/15/27 (144A)      188,182
200,000 Altice France S.A., 8.125%, 2/1/27 (144A)      183,062
445,000 Connect Finco S.a.r.l./Connect US Finco LLC, 9.00%, 9/15/29 (144A)      416,284
200,000 Iliad Holding SASU, 8.50%, 4/15/31 (144A)      210,966
850,000 Sprint LLC, 7.625%, 3/1/26      861,132
1,232,500 Total Play Telecomunicaciones S.A. de CV, 11.125%, 12/31/32 (144A)   1,109,691
1,195,000 Turkcell Iletisim Hizmetleri AS, 7.65%, 1/24/32 (144A)   1,195,435
EUR
560,000
Zegona Finance Plc, 6.75%, 7/15/29 (144A)      670,239
500,000 Zegona Finance Plc, 8.625%, 7/15/29 (144A)     531,710
Total Telecommunications   
$
5,582,259
Transportation - 1.9%
1,245,000 Carriage Purchaser, Inc., 7.875%, 10/15/29 (144A) $  1,022,193
655,000 Danaos Corp., 8.50%, 3/1/28 (144A)      663,470
400,000 Simpar Europe S.A., 5.20%, 1/26/31 (144A)     308,500
Total Transportation   
$
1,994,163
Total Corporate Bonds
(Cost $88,561,063)
$
85,965,092
Shares
Preferred Stock - 0.0%
of Net Assets
Internet - 0.0%
50,188(b) MYT Holding LLC, 10.00%, 6/6/29 $     19,448
Total Internet      
$
19,448
Total Preferred Stock
(Cost $91,625)
     
$
19,448
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
28
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Table of Contents
Shares Value
Right/Warrant - 0.0%
of Net Assets
Trading Companies & Distributors - 0.0%
GBP
6,475
(b)
Avation Plc, 1/1/59 $      2,718
Total Trading Companies & Distributors       
$
2,718
Total Right/Warrant
(Cost $-)
      
$
2,718
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Insurance-Linked Securities - 28.9%
of
Net Assets#
Event Linked Bonds - 17.3%
Earthquakes - California - 0.6%
250,000(a) Sutter Re, 14.023%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
975 bps), 6/19/26 (144A)
$    260,775
300,000(a) Torrey Pines Re, 9.489%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
522 bps), 6/5/26 (144A)
    306,540
    $567,315
Earthquakes - U.S. - 0.2%
250,000(a) Ursa Re, 9.776%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
550 bps), 12/6/25 (144A)
$    253,675
Flood - U.S. - 0.7%
500,000(a) FloodSmart Re, 18.286%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,400 bps), 3/12/27 (144A)
$    509,900
250,000(a) FloodSmart Re, 21.436%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,715 bps), 3/11/26 (144A)
    246,150
    $756,050
Multiperil - Florida - 0.5%
500,000(a) Sanders Re, 12.426%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
814 bps), 6/5/26 (144A)
$    518,550
Multiperil - U.S. - 5.8%
250,000(a) Bonanza Re, 9.786%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
550 bps), 12/19/27 (144A)
$    250,425
500,000(a) Foundation Re, 10.523%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
625 bps), 1/8/27 (144A)
     504,950
250,000(a) Four Lakes Re, 10.023%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
575 bps), 1/7/27 (144A)
     254,125
250,000(a) Four Lakes Re, 13.773%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
950 bps), 1/7/27 (144A)
     258,975
250,000(a) High Point Re, 10.026%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
575 bps), 1/6/27 (144A)
     251,225
250,000(a) Merna Re II, 11.526%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
725 bps), 7/7/27 (144A)
     260,200
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc. |
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|
4/30/25
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Table of Contents
Schedule of Investments | 4/30/25
(continued)
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Multiperil - U.S. - (continued)
250,000(a) Merna Re II, 12.776%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
850 bps), 7/7/27 (144A)
$    253,900
500,000(a) Mystic Re, 16.286%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,200 bps), 1/8/27 (144A)
     521,800
250,000(a) Residential Re, 11.273%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
700 bps), 12/6/28 (144A)
     252,850
375,000(a) Residential Re, 11.966%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
769 bps), 12/6/26 (144A)
     387,038
500,000(a) Residential Re, 12.706%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
842 bps), 12/6/27 (144A)
     517,750
500,000(a) Residential Re, 16.293%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,202 bps), 12/6/25 (144A)
     469,000
500,000(a) Sanders Re, 9.536%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
525 bps), 4/7/29 (144A)
     498,750
250,000(a) Sanders Re, 10.036%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
575 bps), 4/7/28 (144A)
     257,800
250,000(a) Sanders Re III, 9.826%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
555 bps), 4/7/27 (144A)
     255,700
250,000(a) Solomon Re, 9.806%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
552 bps), 6/8/26 (144A)
     255,750
250,000(a) Stabilitas Re, 12.786%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
850 bps), 6/5/26 (144A)
     257,825
250,000(a) Topanga Re, 9.326%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
505 bps), 1/8/26 (144A)
    241,000
  $5,949,063
Multiperil - U.S. & Canada - 2.0%
250,000(a) Atlas Re, 16.867%, (SOFR
+
1,250 bps), 6/8/27 (144A)
$    279,300
500,000(a) Galileo Re, 11.276%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
700 bps), 1/7/28 (144A)
     518,500
250,000(a) Kilimanjaro II Re, 11.536%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
725 bps), 6/30/28 (144A)
     262,800
250,000(a) Kilimanjaro III Re, 16.646%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,236 bps), 4/20/26 (144A)
     250,550
250,000(a) Matterhorn Re, 10.12%, (SOFR
+
575 bps), 12/8/25 (144A)
     244,775
250,000(a) Mona Lisa Re, 14.026%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
975 bps), 6/25/27 (144A)
     270,975
250,000(a) Mona Lisa Re, 16.786%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,250 bps), 1/8/26 (144A)
    256,075
  $2,082,975
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
30
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Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Multiperil - U.S. Regional - 0.5%
250,000(a) Aquila Re, 12.546%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
827 bps), 6/8/26 (144A)
$    257,750
250,000(a) Aquila Re, 13.466%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
918 bps), 6/8/26 (144A)
    259,875
    $517,625
Multiperil - Worldwide - 0.8%
250,000(a) Atlas Capital, 12.017%, (SOFR
+
765 bps), 6/5/26 (144A)
$    257,950
250,000(a) Cat Re 2001, 17.316%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,304 bps), 1/8/27 (144A)
     260,000
250,000(a) Kendall Re, 12.023%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
775 bps), 4/30/27 (144A)
    257,875
    $775,825
Windstorm - Florida - 1.0%
250,000(a) Integrity Re, 11.116%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
683 bps), 6/6/25 (144A)
$     25,000
250,000(a) Integrity Re, 16.523%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,225 bps), 6/6/28 (144A)
     249,450
250,000(a) Marlon Re, 11.286%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
700 bps), 6/7/27 (144A)
     255,850
250,000(a) Merna Re II, 13.026%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
875 bps), 7/7/27 (144A)
     257,000
250,000(a) Purple Re, 13.276%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
900 bps), 6/7/27 (144A)
    256,150
  $1,043,450
Windstorm - Mexico - 0.5%
250,000(a) International Bank for Reconstruction & Development, 16.571%, (SOFR
+
1,222 bps), 4/24/28 (144A)
$    264,075
250,000(a) International Bank for Reconstruction & Development, 18.073%, (SOFR
+
1,372 bps), 4/24/28 (144A)
    253,825
    $517,900
Windstorm - North Carolina - 0.7%
500,000(a) Blue Ridge Re, 7.99%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
799 bps), 1/8/27 (144A)
$    512,250
250,000(a) Cape Lookout Re, 11.176%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
690 bps), 3/13/32 (144A)
    251,000
    $763,250
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc. |
Annual
|
4/30/25
31
Table of Contents
Schedule of Investments | 4/30/25
(continued)
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Windstorm - Texas - 0.5%
250,000(a) Alamo Re, 10.273%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
600 bps), 6/7/27 (144A)
$    257,925
250,000(a) Alamo Re, 15.523%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,125 bps), 6/7/26 (144A)
    259,975
    $517,900
Windstorm - U.S. - 2.2%
250,000(a) Alamo Re, 12.668%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
839 bps), 6/7/26 (144A)
$    255,925
250,000(a) Bonanza Re, 12.726%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
845 bps), 1/8/26 (144A)
    253,625
250,000(a) Cape Lookout Re, 12.706%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
842 bps), 4/28/26 (144A)
    255,600
250,000(a) Gateway Re, 18.246%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,396 bps), 2/24/26 (144A)
    260,725
250,000(a) Gateway Re II, 13.176%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
890 bps), 4/27/26 (144A)
    257,850
250,000(a) Merna Re II, 14.526%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,025 bps), 7/7/26 (144A)
    260,875
250,000(a) Purple Re, 17.137%, (1 Month Term SOFR
+
1,281 bps), 4/24/26 (144A)
    260,175
500,000(a) Queen Street Re, 11.781%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
750 bps), 12/8/25 (144A)
    501,100
  $2,305,875
Windstorm - U.S. Regional - 0.8%
250,000(a) Citrus Re, 10.876%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
659 bps), 6/7/26 (144A)
$    255,825
250,000(a) Citrus Re, 13.056%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
877 bps), 6/7/26 (144A)
    258,900
250,000(a) Citrus Re, 13.526%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
925 bps), 6/7/27 (144A)
    263,225
    $777,950
Winterstorm - Florida - 0.5%
250,000(a) Integrity Re, 17.146%, (1 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,286 bps), 6/6/25 (144A)
$    251,875
250,000(a) Lightning Re, 15.286%, (3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill
+
1,100 bps), 3/31/26 (144A)
    256,750
    $508,625
Total Event Linked Bonds  $17,856,028
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
32
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Table of Contents
Face
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Collateralized Reinsurance - 3.7%
Multiperil - Massachusetts - 0.2%
250,000(b)(k)
+
Portsalon Re 2022, 5/31/28 $    229,230
Multiperil - U.S. - 1.2%
264,839(k)
+
Ballybunion Re 2022, 12/31/27 $         -
250,000(b)(k)
+
Cheltenham-PI0051 Re 2024, 5/31/30      261,598
878,691(b)(k)
+
PI0047 2024-1, 12/31/29     939,185
  $1,200,783
Multiperil - Worldwide - 2.3%
100,000(k)
+
Dartmouth Re 2021, 12/31/25 $         -
250,000(b)(k)
+
Epsom Re 2025, 12/31/30      224,783
500,000(b)(k)
+
Gamboge Re, 3/31/30      250,631
500,000(b)(k)
+
Gamboge Re 2025, 3/31/31      434,835
750,000(b)(k)
+
Merion Re 2025-1, 12/31/30      680,197
250,000(b)(k)
+
Old Head Re 2025, 12/31/30      209,198
250,000(b)(k)
+
Phoenix 3 Re, 1/4/39      275,450
250,000(b)(k)
+
Pine Valley Re 2025, 12/31/29      225,753
250,000(b)(k)
+
Walton Health Re 2019, 6/30/25          344
250,000(b)(k)
+
Walton Health Re 2022, 12/15/27      36,438
  $2,337,629
Windstorm - North Carolina - 0.0%
250,000(k)
+
Mangrove Risk Solutions, 4/30/30 $      4,325
Windstorm - U.S. Regional - 0.0%
500,000(k)
+
Oakmont Re 2024, 4/1/30 $     12,829
Total Collateralized Reinsurance   
$
3,784,796
Reinsurance Sidecars - 7.9%
Multiperil - U.S. - 0.5%
500,000(b)(k)
+
Carnoustie Re 2025, 12/31/30 $    480,425
1,000,000(b)(l)
+
Harambee Re 2018, 12/31/25        1,000
1,000,000(b)(l)
+
Harambee Re 2019, 12/31/25           -
500,000(b)(l)
+
Harambee Re 2020, 12/31/25          -
    $481,425
Multiperil - U.S. Regional - 0.0%
250,000(b)(k)
+
Brotherhood Re, 1/31/26 $         -
Multiperil - Worldwide - 7.4%
225,450(b)(l)
+
Alturas Re 2020-3, 9/30/25 $         -
213,682(b)(l)
+
Alturas Re 2021-3, 7/31/25        9,808
376,048(l)
+
Alturas Re 2022-2, 12/31/27       19,968
500,000(b)(k)
+
Banbury-PI0050 Re 2024, 3/31/30      560,000
1,000,000(b)(k)
+
Bantry Re 2025, 12/31/30      935,688
993,323(b)(k)
+
Berwick Re 2020-1, 12/31/25           -
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Schedule of Investments | 4/30/25
(continued)
Face
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Multiperil - Worldwide - (continued)
1,000,000(b)(k)
+
Berwick Re 2025, 12/31/30 $    933,522
500,000(b)(k)
+
Clearwater Re 2025, 12/31/30      500,767
80,000(b)(k)
+
Eden Re II, 3/20/26 (144A)        3,169
3,000(k)
+
Eden Re II, 3/19/27 (144A)        9,794
250,000(b)(k)
+
Gleneagles Re 2021, 12/31/25           25
250,000(b)(k)
+
Gleneagles Re 2022, 12/31/27       37,500
1,000,000(b)(k)
+
Gullane Re 2025, 12/31/30      823,136
498,977(b)(l)
+
Lorenz Re 2019, 6/30/25        3,643
363,953(b)(k)
+
Merion Re 2022-2, 12/31/27      291,240
500,000(b)(k)
+
Pangaea Re 2024-3, 7/1/28      536,506
500,000(b)(k)
+
Pangaea Re 2025-1, 12/31/30      434,111
645(b)(k)
+
Sector Re V, 12/1/28 (144A)       14,381
645(b)(k)
+
Sector Re V, 12/1/28 (144A)       14,381
1,000,000(b)(k)
+
Sector Re V, 12/1/29 (144A)   1,025,476
500,000(k)
+
Sussex Re 2022, 12/31/27           -
300,000(b)(l)
+
Thopas Re 2020, 12/31/25           60
250,000(l)
+
Thopas Re 2021, 12/31/25        2,325
250,000(l)
+
Thopas Re 2022, 12/31/27           -
766,025(l)
+
Thopas Re 2023, 12/31/28          689
766,025(l)
+
Thopas Re 2024, 12/31/29        7,048
750,000(b)(k)
+
Thopas Re 2025, 12/31/30      677,850
375,860(b)(l)
+
Torricelli Re 2021, 7/31/25        2,255
500,000(l)
+
Torricelli Re 2022, 6/30/28        1,400
750,000(l)
+
Torricelli Re 2023, 6/30/29       10,350
750,000(b)(l)
+
Torricelli Re 2024, 6/30/30      751,337
500,000(b)(l)
+
Viribus Re 2018, 12/31/25           -
212,306(b)(l)
+
Viribus Re 2019, 12/31/25           -
240,783(b)(l)
+
Viribus Re 2020, 12/31/25        7,392
221,888(b)(l)
+
Viribus Re 2022, 12/31/27       2,751
  $7,616,572
Total Reinsurance Sidecars   
$
8,097,997
Total Insurance-Linked Securities
(Cost $29,148,074)
$
29,738,821
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Foreign Government Bonds - 1.2%
of
Net Assets
Angola - 0.4%
448,000 Angolan Government International Bond, 8.250%, 5/9/28 (144A) $    379,949
Total Angola     
$
379,949
El Salvador - 0.1%
170,000 El Salvador Government International Bond, 9.650%, 11/21/54 (144A) $    168,485
Total El Salvador     
$
168,485
Ghana - 0.4%
7,680(e) Ghana Government International Bond, 0.000%, 7/3/26 (144A) $      7,250
18,377(e) Ghana Government International Bond, 0.000%, 1/3/30 (144A)       13,968
12,000(e) Ghana Government International Bond, 0.000%, 7/3/26       11,328
23,591(e) Ghana Government International Bond, 0.000%, 1/3/30       17,932
77,440(j) Ghana Government International Bond, 5.000%, 7/3/29 (144A)       66,099
111,360(j) Ghana Government International Bond, 5.000%, 7/3/35 (144A)       75,725
121,000(j) Ghana Government International Bond, 5.000%, 7/3/29      103,279
174,000(j) Ghana Government International Bond, 5.000%, 7/3/35     118,320
Total Ghana     
$
413,901
Ukraine - 0.3%
20,419(j) Ukraine Government International Bond, 0.000%, 2/1/30 (144A) $      9,994
76,302(j) Ukraine Government International Bond, 0.000%, 2/1/34 (144A)       29,357
64,481(j) Ukraine Government International Bond, 0.000%, 2/1/35 (144A)       32,440
53,734(j) Ukraine Government International Bond, 0.000%, 2/1/36 (144A)       26,890
149,520(j) Ukraine Government International Bond, 1.750%, 2/1/29 (144A)       93,301
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Schedule of Investments | 4/30/25
(continued)
Principal
Amount
USD ($)
Value
Ukraine - (continued)
130,830(j) Ukraine Government International Bond, 1.750%, 2/1/34 (144A) $     65,212
93,450(j) Ukraine Government International Bond, 1.750%, 2/1/35 (144A)      45,963
Total Ukraine     
$
303,157
Total Foreign Government Bonds
(Cost $1,348,512)
  
$
1,265,492
Shares
SHORT TERM INVESTMENTS - 0.0%
of Net
Assets
Open-End Fund - 0.0%
9,555(m) Dreyfus Government Cash Management,
Institutional Shares, 4.21%
$      9,555
      $9,555
TOTAL SHORT TERM INVESTMENTS
(Cost $9,555)
      
$
9,555
TOTAL INVESTMENTS IN UNAFFILIATED ISSUERS - 140.2%
(Cost $147,382,690)
$144,249,104
OTHER ASSETS AND LIABILITIES - (40.2)% $(41,387,230)
net assets - 100.0% $102,861,874
bps Basis Points.
CMT Constant Maturity Treasury.
EURIBOR Euro Interbank Offered Rate.
FREMF Freddie Mac Multifamily Fixed-Rate Mortgage Loans.
SOFR Secured Overnight Financing Rate.
SOFR30A Secured Overnight Financing Rate 30 Day Average.
(144A) The resale of such security is exempt from registration under Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933. Such securities may be resold normally to qualified institutional buyers. At April 30, 2025, the value of these securities amounted to $114,346,738, or 111.2% of net assets.
(a) Floating rate note. Coupon rate, reference index and spread shown at April 30, 2025.
(b) Non-income producing security.
(c) The interest rate is subject to change periodically. The interest rate and/or reference index and spread shown at April 30, 2025.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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(d) Security represents the interest-only portion payments on a pool of underlying mortgages or mortgage-backed securities.
(e) Security issued with a zero coupon. Income is recognized through accretion of discount.
(f) Security is priced as a unit.
(g) Payment-in-kind (PIK) security which may pay interest in the form of additional principal amount.
(h) Security is perpetual in nature and has no stated maturity date.
(i) Security is in default.
(j) Debt obligation initially issued at one coupon which converts to a higher coupon at a specific date. The rate shown is the rate at April 30, 2025.
(k) Issued as participation notes.
(l) Issued as preference shares.
(m) Rate periodically changes. Rate disclosed is the 7-day yield at April 30, 2025.
* Senior secured floating rate loan interests in which the Fund invests generally pay interest at rates that are periodically re-determined by reference to a base lending rate plus a premium. These base lending rates are generally (i) the lending rate offered by one or more major European banks, such as SOFR, (ii) the prime rate offered by one or more major United States banks, (iii) the rate of a certificate of deposit or (iv) other base lending rates used by commercial lenders. The interest rate shown is the rate accruing at April 30, 2025.
+ Security is valued using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).
# Securities are restricted as to resale.
Restricted Securities Acquisition date Cost Value
Alamo Re 4/12/2023 $250,000 $255,925
Alamo Re 4/4/2024 250,000 257,925
Alamo Re 4/4/2024 250,000 259,975
Alturas Re 2020-3 8/3/2020 - -
Alturas Re 2021-3 8/16/2021 20,699 9,808
Alturas Re 2022-2 1/18/2022 - 19,968
Aquila Re 5/10/2023 250,000 257,750
Aquila Re 5/10/2023 250,000 259,875
Atlas Capital 5/17/2023 250,000 257,950
Atlas Re 5/24/2024 250,000 279,300
Ballybunion Re 2022 3/9/2022 - -
Banbury-PI0050 Re 2024 8/19/2024 500,000 560,000
Bantry Re 2025 1/21/2025 926,107 935,688
Berwick Re 2020-1 9/24/2020 - -
Berwick Re 2025 1/17/2025 910,239 933,522
Blue Ridge Re 11/14/2023 500,000 512,250
Bonanza Re 1/6/2023 250,000 253,625
Bonanza Re 12/16/2024 250,000 250,425
Brotherhood Re 1/22/2018 37,866 -
Cape Lookout Re 4/14/2023 250,000 255,600
Cape Lookout Re 2/27/2025 250,000 251,000
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Schedule of Investments | 4/30/25
(continued)
Restricted Securities Acquisition date Cost Value
Carnoustie Re 2025 1/17/2025 $489,639 $480,425
Cat Re 2001 11/14/2023 250,000 260,000
Cheltenham-PI0051 Re 2024 7/1/2024 196,626 261,598
Citrus Re 4/27/2023 250,000 258,900
Citrus Re 4/27/2023 250,000 255,825
Citrus Re 3/19/2024 250,000 263,225
Clearwater Re 2025 1/15/2025 500,000 500,767
Dartmouth Re 2021 1/19/2021 - -
Eden Re II 1/21/2022 1,569 3,169
Eden Re II 1/17/2023 - 9,794
Epsom Re 2025 4/16/2025 205,750 224,783
FloodSmart Re 2/23/2023 250,000 246,150
FloodSmart Re 2/29/2024 500,000 509,900
Foundation Re 12/19/2023 500,000 504,950
Four Lakes Re 12/8/2023 250,000 254,125
Four Lakes Re 12/8/2023 250,000 258,975
Galileo Re 12/4/2023 500,944 518,500
Gamboge Re 5/9/2024 161,817 250,631
Gamboge Re 2025 4/23/2025 433,487 434,835
Gateway Re 2/3/2023 250,000 260,725
Gateway Re II 4/13/2023 250,000 257,850
Gleneagles Re 2021 1/13/2021 4,575 25
Gleneagles Re 2022 1/18/2022 104,409 37,500
Gullane Re 2025 1/22/2025 823,724 823,136
Harambee Re 2018 12/19/2017 17,375 1,000
Harambee Re 2019 12/20/2018 - -
Harambee Re 2020 2/27/2020 - -
High Point Re 12/1/2023 250,000 251,225
Integrity Re 5/9/2022 250,000 25,000
Integrity Re 3/23/2023 250,000 251,875
Integrity Re 2/21/2025 250,000 249,450
International Bank for Reconstruction & Development 5/1/2024 250,000 264,075
International Bank for Reconstruction & Development 5/10/2024 243,821 253,825
Kendall Re 4/22/2024 250,000 257,875
Kilimanjaro II Re 6/24/2024 250,000 262,800
Kilimanjaro III Re 4/8/2021 250,000 250,550
Lightning Re 3/20/2023 250,000 256,750
Lorenz Re 2019 6/26/2019 70,683 3,643
Mangrove Risk Solutions 7/9/2024 - 4,325
Marlon Re 5/24/2024 250,000 255,850
Matterhorn Re 12/15/2021 250,000 244,775
Merion Re 2022-2 3/1/2022 310,129 291,240
Merion Re 2025-1 1/16/2025 644,006 680,197
Merna Re II 4/5/2023 250,000 260,875
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Restricted Securities
Acquisition date
Cost
Value
Merna Re II 5/8/2024 $250,000 $260,200
Merna Re II 5/8/2024 250,000 257,000
Merna Re II 5/8/2024 250,000 253,900
Mona Lisa Re 12/30/2022 250,000 256,075
Mona Lisa Re 6/13/2024 250,000 270,975
Mystic Re 12/12/2023 499,407 521,800
Oakmont Re 2024 5/23/2024 - 12,829
Old Head Re 2025 1/2/2025 193,449 209,198
Pangaea Re 2024-3 7/26/2024 500,000 536,506
Pangaea Re 2025-1 1/16/2025 437,980 434,111
Phoenix 3 Re 12/21/2020 178,918 275,450
PI0047 2024-1 1/26/2024 872,164 939,185
Pine Valley Re 2025 1/7/2025 215,514 225,753
Portsalon Re 2022 7/15/2022 202,158 229,230
Purple Re 4/6/2023 250,000 260,175
Purple Re 4/2/2024 250,000 256,150
Queen Street Re 5/12/2023 500,000 501,100
Residential Re 10/28/2021 500,000 469,000
Residential Re 11/22/2022 375,000 387,038
Residential Re 11/7/2023 500,000 517,750
Residential Re 11/4/2024 250,000 252,850
Sanders Re 5/24/2023 500,000 518,550
Sanders Re 1/16/2024 250,000 257,800
Sanders Re 12/10/2024 500,000 498,750
Sanders Re III 3/24/2023 250,000 255,700
Sector Re V 12/4/2023 - 14,381
Sector Re V 12/29/2023 - 14,381
Sector Re V 12/31/2024 1,000,000 1,025,476
Solomon Re 6/12/2023 250,000 255,750
Stabilitas Re 6/7/2023 250,000 257,825
Sussex Re 2022 1/5/2022 - -
Sutter Re 6/6/2023 250,000 260,775
Thopas Re 2020 12/30/2019 - 60
Thopas Re 2021 1/22/2021 - 2,325
Thopas Re 2022 2/15/2022 - -
Thopas Re 2023 2/13/2023 - 689
Thopas Re 2024 2/2/2024 - 7,048
Thopas Re 2025 1/10/2025 750,000 677,850
Topanga Re 10/5/2023 242,315 241,000
Torrey Pines Re 5/18/2023 300,000 306,540
Torricelli Re 2021 7/2/2021 - 2,255
Torricelli Re 2022 7/26/2022 - 1,400
Torricelli Re 2023 7/19/2023 - 10,350
Torricelli Re 2024 7/25/2024 743,994 751,337
Ursa Re 4/12/2023 250,000 253,675
Viribus Re 2018 12/22/2017 8,294 -
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Schedule of Investments | 4/30/25
(continued)
Restricted Securities
Acquisition date
Cost
Value
Viribus Re 2019 3/25/2019 $- $-
Viribus Re 2020 3/12/2020 24,541 7,392
Viribus Re 2022 4/18/2022 - 2,751
Walton Health Re 2019 7/18/2019 - 344
Walton Health Re 2022 7/13/2022 875 36,438
Total Restricted Securities
$29,738,821
% of Net assets
28.9%
FORWARD FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE CONTRACTS
Currency
Purchased
In
Exchange for
Currency
Sold
Deliver
Counterparty
Settlement
Date
Unrealized
Appreciation
(Depreciation)
EUR 2,370,000 USD 2,593,782 Citibank NA 6/26/25 $100,851
USD 736,952 EUR 670,000 Citibank NA 7/24/25 (26,110)
EUR 900,000 USD 940,600 HSBC Bank USA NA 5/22/25 80,319
EUR 1,165,000 USD 1,288,762 HSBC Bank USA NA 6/26/25 35,816
USD 401,391 GBP 310,000 HSBC Bank USA NA 6/27/25 (11,840)
USD 7,067,692 EUR 6,185,950 State Street Bank & Trust Co. 7/24/25 22,528
TOTAL FORWARD FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE CONTRACTS
$201,564
FUTURES CONTRACTS
FIXED INCOME INDEX FUTURES CONTRACTS
Number of
Contracts
Long
Description
Expiration
Date
Notional
Amount
Market
Value
Unrealized
(Depreciation)
4 U.S. Ultra Bond (CBT) 6/18/25 $484,448 $484,125 $(323)
TOTAL FUTURES CONTRACTS
$484,448
$484,125
$(323)
CBT Chicago Board of Trade.
Principal amounts are denominated in U.S. dollars ("USD") unless otherwise noted.
EUR - Euro
GBP - Great British Pound
IDR - Indonesian Rupiah
USD - United States Dollar
Purchases and sales of securities (excluding short-term investments and all derivative contracts except for options purchased) for the year ended April 30, 2025, aggregated $65,061,711 and $57,273,331, respectively.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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At April 30, 2025, the net unrealized depreciation on investments based on cost for federal tax purposes of $148,621,443 was as follows:
Aggregate gross unrealized appreciation for all investments in which there is an excess of value over tax cost $6,547,282
Aggregate gross unrealized depreciation for all investments in which there is an excess of tax cost over value (10,915,977)
Net unrealized depreciation $(4,368,695)
Various inputs are used in determining the value of the Fund's investments. These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels below.
Level 1 - unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical securities.
Level 2 - other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risks, etc.). See Notes to Financial Statements - Note 1A.
Level 3 - significant unobservable inputs (including the Adviser own assumptions in determining fair value of investments). See Notes to Financial Statements - Note 1A.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Schedule of Investments | 4/30/25
(continued)
The following is a summary of the inputs used as of April 30, 2025 in valuing the Fund's investments:
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Senior Secured Floating Rate Loan Interests $- $6,005,262 $- $6,005,262
Common Stocks
Financial Services - 50,905 9,344 60,249
Household Durables 5 - - 5
Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels 16 284 - 300
All Other Common Stocks - 568,369 - 568,369
Asset Backed Securities - 4,854,346 33,000 4,887,346
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations - 2,850,247 - 2,850,247
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities - 10,886,239 - 10,886,239
Convertible Corporate Bonds - 1,989,961 - 1,989,961
Corporate Bonds - 85,965,092 -* 85,965,092
Preferred Stock - 19,448 - 19,448
Right/Warrant 2,718 - - 2,718
Insurance-Linked Securities
Collateralized Reinsurance
Multiperil - Massachusetts - - 229,230 229,230
Multiperil - U.S. - - 1,200,783 1,200,783
Multiperil - Worldwide - - 2,337,629 2,337,629
Windstorm - North Carolina - - 4,325 4,325
Windstorm - U.S. Regional - - 12,829 12,829
Reinsurance Sidecars
Multiperil - U.S. - - 481,425 481,425
Multiperil - U.S. Regional - - -* -*
Multiperil - Worldwide - - 7,616,572 7,616,572
All Other Insurance-Linked Securities - 17,856,028 - 17,856,028
Foreign Government Bonds - 1,265,492 - 1,265,492
Open-End Fund 9,555 - - 9,555
Total Investments in Securities $12,294 $132,311,673 $11,925,137 $144,249,104
Other Financial Instruments
Credit Agreement $- $(43,325,000) $- $(43,325,000)
Net unrealized appreciation on forward foreign currency exchange contracts - 201,564 - 201,564
Net unrealized depreciation on futures contracts (323) - - (323)
Total Other Financial Instruments $(323) $(43,123,436) $- $(43,123,759)
* Securities valued at $0.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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The following is a reconciliation of assets valued using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):
Common
Stocks
Asset
Backed
Securities
Corporate
Bonds
Insurance-
Linked
Securities
Total
Balance as of 4/30/24 $50,188 $104,000 $-* $11,596,456 $11,750,644
Realized gain (loss)
(1)
- - - (956,759) (956,759)
Changed in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)
(2)
91,235 (85,642) (32,417) 85,122 58,298
Amortization Premium/Discount - 14,642 0 (7,057,135) (7,042,493)
Purchases 10,106 - 1,169 11,773,989 11,785,264
Sales (0) - - (3,558,880) (3,558,880)
Transfers in to Level 3** 14 - 31,248 - 31,262
Transfers out of Level 3** (142,199) - - - (142,199)
Balance as of 4/30/25 $9,344 $33,000 $0 $11,882,793 $11,925,137
(1)
Realized gain (loss) on these securities is included in the realized gain (loss) from investments on the Statement of Operations.
(2)
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on these securities is included in the change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) from investments on the Statement of Operations.
* Securities valued at $0
** Transfers are calculated on the beginning of period values. During the year ended April 30, 2025, investments having aggregate value of $50,188 was transferred out of Level 3 to Level 2, as there was significant observable inputs available to determine their value. Securities valued at $31,262 were transferred from Level 2 to Level 3, due to valuing the securities using unobservable inputs. There were no other transfers between Levels 1,2 and 3.
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of Level 3 investments still held and considered Level 3 at April 30, 2025: $(169,942)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Statement of Assets and Liabilities | 4/30/25
ASSETS:
Investments in unaffiliated issuers, at value (cost $147,382,690) $144,249,104
Cash 833
Foreign currencies, at value (cost $5) 5
Futures collateral 47,831
Due from broker for futures 2,875
Unrealized appreciation on forward foreign currency exchange contracts 239,514
Receivables -
Dividends 19,874
Interest 2,093,854
Other assets 52
Total assets $146,653,942
LIABILITIES:
Payables -
Credit agreement $43,325,000
Directors' fees 1,019
Interest expense 207,320
Variation margin for futures contracts 2,875
Unrealized depreciation on forward foreign currency exchange contracts 37,950
Management fees 102,008
Administrative expenses 16,874
Accrued expenses 99,022
Total liabilities $43,792,068
NET ASSETS:
Paid-in capital $170,513,824
Distributable earnings (loss) (67,651,950)
Net assets $102,861,874
NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE:
Based on $102,861,874/8,334,759 shares $12.34
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Statement of Operations
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 4/30/25
INVESTMENT INCOME:
Interest from unaffiliated issuers (net of foreign taxes withheld $35,056) $13,532,961
Dividends from unaffiliated issuers 2,927,659
Total Investment Income $16,460,620
EXPENSES:
Management fees $1,271,508
Administrative expenses 53,052
Transfer agent fees 16,016
Stockholder communications expense 30,048
Custodian fees 3,610
Professional fees 122,963
Printing expense 2,136
Officers' and Directors' fees 8,395
Insurance expense 3,563
Interest expense 2,659,845
Miscellaneous 52,207
Total expenses $4,223,343
Net investment income $12,237,277
REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS:
Net realized gain (loss) on:
Investments in unaffiliated issuers $(3,040,658)
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts (414,989)
Futures contracts (29,991)
Other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies 14,831 $(3,470,807)
Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on:
Investments in unaffiliated issuers $2,038,358
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts 256,809
Futures contracts 31,125
Other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies 11,956 $2,338,248
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments $(1,132,559)
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations $11,104,718
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Statements of Changes in Net Assets
Year
Ended
4/30/25
Year
Ended
4/30/24
FROM OPERATIONS:
Net investment income (loss) $12,237,277 $10,435,481
Net realized gain (loss) on investments (3,470,807) (6,239,385)
Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments 2,338,248 11,315,388
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations $11,104,718 $15,511,484
DISTRIBUTIONS TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS:
Net investment income
($1.50 and $1.08 per share, respectively) $(12,522,975) $(9,001,540)
Total distributions to common stockholders $(12,522,975) $(9,001,540)
Net increase (decrease) in net assets $(1,418,257) $6,509,944
NET ASSETS:
Beginning of year $104,280,131 $97,770,187
End of year $102,861,874 $104,280,131
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Statement of Cash Flows
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 4/30/25
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations $11,104,718
Adjustments to reconcile net decrease in net assets resulting from operations to net cash, restricted cash and foreign currencies from operating activities:
Purchases of investment securities $(62,966,021)
Proceeds from disposition and maturity of investment securities 61,610,310
Net purchases of short term investments (931,681)
Net accretion and amortization of discount/premium on investment securities (392,383)
Net realized loss on investments in unaffiliated issuers 3,040,658
Change in unrealized appreciation on investments in unaffiliated issuers (2,038,358)
Change in unrealized appreciation on forward foreign currency exchange contracts (256,809)
Change in unrealized appreciation on other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies (11,956)
Decrease in due from broker for futures 1,250
Increase in dividends receivable (3,101)
Increase in interest receivable (112,367)
Increase in other assets (1)
Decrease in variation margin for futures contracts (1,250)
Increase in management fees payable 85,135
Increase in directors' fees payable 141
Increase in administrative expenses payable 7,519
Decrease in accrued expenses payable (20,311)
Net cash, restricted cash and foreign currencies from operating activities $9,115,493
Cash Flows Used In Financing Activities:
Borrowings received 2,000,000
Decrease in interest expense payable (4,471)
Distributions to stockholders (12,522,975)
Net cash flows used in financing activities $(10,527,446)
Cash Impact From Foreign Exchange Fluctuations
Cash impact from foreign exchange fluctuations $11,956
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH, RESTRICTED CASH AND FOREIGN CURRENCIES $(1,399,997)
Cash, Restricted Cash and Foreign Currencies:
Beginning of year* $1,448,666
End of year* $48,669
Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for interest $2,664,316
* The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, restricted cash and foreign currencies reported within the Statement of Assets and Liabilities that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Statement of Cash Flows:
Year Ended
4/30/25
Year Ended
4/30/24
Cash $833 $22,628
Foreign currenices, at value 5 1,389,222
Restricted cash** 47,831 36,816
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
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Statement of Cash Flows
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 4/30/25
(continued)
Year Ended
4/30/25
Year Ended
4/30/24
Total cash, restricted cash and foreign currencies shown in the Statement of Cash Flows $48,669 $1,448,666
** Restricted cash is shown on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities as Futures Collateral.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
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Financial Highlights
Year
Ended
4/30/25
Year
Ended
4/30/24
Year
Ended
4/30/23
Year
Ended
4/30/22
Year
Ended
4/30/21
Per Share Operating Performance
Net asset value, beginning of period $12.51 $11.73 $13.58 $15.67 $12.60
Increase (decrease) from investment operations:
Net investment income (loss)(a) $1.47 $1.25 $1.13 $1.28 $1.25
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments (0.14) 0.61 (1.78) (2.05) 3.16
Net increase (decrease) from investment operations $1.33 $1.86 $(0.65) $(0.77) $4.41
Distributions to stockholders:
Net investment income and previously undistributed net investment income $(1.50)* $(1.08) $(1.16)* $(1.32)* $(1.34)*
Tax return of capital - - (0.04) - -
Total distributions $(1.50) $(1.08) $(1.20) $(1.32) $(1.34)
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value $(0.17) $0.78 $(1.85) $(2.09) $3.07
Net asset value, end of period $12.34 $12.51 $11.73 $13.58 $15.67
Market value, end of period $11.72 $11.45 $10.02 $12.30 $14.95
Total return at net asset value(b) 11.66% 17.95% (3.46)% (5.19)% 37.08%
Total return at market value(b) 15.87% 26.38% (8.96)% (9.99)% 49.94%
Ratios to average net assets of stockholders:
Total expenses plus interest expense(c) 3.97% 4.54% 3.42% 2.11% 2.06%
Net investment income available to stockholders 11.51% 10.42% 9.39% 8.42% 8.49%
Portfolio turnover rate 39% 31% 25% 46% 57%
Net assets, end of period (in thousands) $102,862 $104,280 $97,770 $113,182 $130,594
Total amount of debt outstanding (in thousands) $43,325 $41,325 $42,575 $54,950 $61,000
Asset coverage per $1,000 of indebtedness $3,374 $3,523 $3,296 $3,060 $3,141
* The amount of distributions made to stockholders during the year were in excess of the net investment income earned by the Fund during the year. The Fund has accumulated undistributed net investment income which is part of the Fund's net asset value ("NAV"). A portion of the accumulated net investment income was distributed to stockholders during the year. A decrease in distributions may have a negative effect on the market value of the Fund's shares.
(a) The per common share data presented above is based upon the average common shares outstanding for the periods presented.
(b) Total investment return is calculated assuming a purchase of common shares at the current net asset value or market value on the first day and a sale at the current net asset value or market value on the last day of the periods reported. Dividends and distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained under the Fund's dividend reinvestment plan. Total investment return does not reflect brokerage commissions. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results.
(c) Includes interest expense of 2.50%, 2.72%, 1.83%, 0.52% and 0.46%, respectively.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Notes to Financial Statements | 4/30/25
1. Organization and Significant Accounting Policies
Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc. (the "Fund") is organized as a Maryland corporation. Prior to April 21, 2021, the Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust. On April 21, 2021, the Fund redomiciled to a Maryland corporation through a statutory merger of the predecessor Delaware statutory trust with and into a newly-established Maryland corporation formed for the purpose of effecting the redomiciling. The Fund was originally organized on January 30, 2007. Prior to commencing operations on May 30, 2007, the Fund had no operations other than matters relating to its organization and registration as a diversified, closed-end management investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"). The investment objective of the Fund is to seek a high level of current income and the Fund may, as a secondary objective, also seek capital appreciation to the extent that it is consistent with its investment objective.
Until April 1, 2025, Amundi Asset Management US, Inc., an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Amundi and Amundi's wholly owned subsidiary, Amundi USA, Inc., served as the the Fund's former investment adviser ("Amundi US"). Effective April 1, 2025, Victory Capital Management Inc. ("Victory Capital") serves as the Fund's investment adviser (the "Adviser"). See Note 10.
The Fund is required to comply with Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, which governs the use of derivatives by registered investment companies. Rule 18f-4 permits funds to enter into derivatives transactions (as defined in Rule 18f-4) and certain other transactions notwithstanding the restrictions on the issuance of "senior securities" under Section 18 of the 1940 Act. Rule 18f-4 requires a Fund to establish and maintain acomprehensive derivatives risk management program, appoint a derivatives risk manager and comply with a relative or absolute limit on fund leverage risk calculated based on value-at-risk ("VaR"), unless the fund uses derivatives in only a limited manner (a "limited derivatives user"). The Fund is currently a limited derivatives user for purposes of Rule 18f-4.
The Fund adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Update 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU 2023-07) during the period. The Fund's adoption of the new standard impacted financial statement disclosures only and did not affect the Fund's financial position or results of operations. The management committee of the Adviser acts as the Fund's Chief Operations
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Decision Maker (CODM) who assesses performance and allocates resources with respect to the Fund. The Fund's operations constitute a single operating segment and therefore, a single reportable segment, because the Fund has a single investment strategy as disclosed in its prospectus, against which the CODM manages the business activities using information of the Fund as a whole, and assesses performance of the Fund. The financial information provided to and reviewed by the CODM is the same as that presented within the Fund's financial statements.
The Fund is an investment company and follows investment company accounting and reporting guidance under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP"). U.S. GAAP requires the management of the Fund to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of income, expenses and gain or loss on investments during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Fund in the preparation of its financial statements:
A.
Security Valuation
The net asset value of the Fund is computed once daily, on each day the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is open, as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE.
Fixed income securities are valued by using prices supplied by independent pricing services, which consider such factors as market prices, market events, quotations from one or more brokers, Treasury spreads, yields, maturities and ratings, or may use a pricing matrix or other fair value methods or techniques to provide an estimated value of the security or instrument. A pricing matrix is a means of valuing a debt security on the basis of current market prices for other debt securities, historical trading patterns in the market for fixed income securities and/or other factors. Non-U.S. debt securities that are listed on an exchange will be valued at the bid price obtained from an independent third party pricing service. When independent third party pricing services are unable to supply prices, or when prices or market quotations are considered to be unreliable, the value of that security may be determined using quotations from one or more broker-dealers.
Loan interests are valued at the mean between the last available bid and asked prices from one or more brokers or dealers as obtained from Loan Pricing Corporation, an independent third party pricing service. If price information is not available from Loan Pricing Corporation, or if the
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price information is deemed to be unreliable, price information will be obtained from an alternative loan interest pricing service. If no reliable price quotes are available from either the primary or alternative pricing service, broker quotes will be solicited.
Event-linked bonds are valued at the bid price obtained from an independent third party pricing service. Other insurance-linked securities (including reinsurance sidecars, collateralized reinsurance and industry loss warranties) may be valued at the bid price obtained from an independent pricing service, or through a third party using a pricing matrix, insurance valuation models, or other fair value methods or techniques to provide an estimated value of the instrument.
Equity securities that have traded on an exchange are valued by using the last sale price on the principal exchange where they are traded. Equity securities that have not traded on the date of valuation, or securities for which sale prices are not available, generally are valued using the mean between the last bid and asked prices or, if both last bid and asked prices are not available, at the last quoted bid price. Last sale and bid and asked prices are provided by independent third party pricing services. In the case of equity securities not traded on an exchange, prices are typically determined by independent third party pricing services using a variety of techniques and methods.
The value of foreign securities is translated into U.S. dollars based on foreign currency exchange rate quotations supplied by a third party pricing source. Trading in non-U.S. equity securities is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the net asset value of the Fund's shares are determined as of such times. The Adviser may use a fair value model developed by an independent pricing service to value non-U.S. equity securities.
Options contracts are generally valued at the mean between the last bid and ask prices on the principal exchange where they are traded. Over-the-counter ("OTC") options and options on swaps ("swaptions") are valued using prices supplied by independent pricing services, which consider such factors as market prices, market events, quotations from one or more brokers, Treasury spreads, yields, maturities and ratings, or may use a pricing matrix or other fair value methods or techniques to provide an estimated value of the security or instrument.
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts are valued daily using the foreign exchange rate or, for longer term forward contract positions, the spot currency rate and the forward points on a daily basis, in each case
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provided by a third party pricing service. Contracts whose forward settlement date falls between two quoted days are valued by interpolation.
Swap contracts, including interest rate swaps, caps and floors (other than centrally cleared swap contracts), are valued at the dealer quotations obtained from reputable International Swap Dealers Association members. Centrally cleared swaps are valued at the daily settlement price provided by the central clearing counterparty.
Shares of open-end registered investment companies (including money market mutual funds) are valued at such funds' net asset value. Shares of exchange-listed closed-end funds are valued by using the last sale price on the principal exchange where they are traded.
Shares of open-end registered investment companies (including money market mutual funds) are valued at such funds' net asset value. 
Securities or loan interests for which independent pricing services or broker-dealers are unable to supply prices or for which market prices and/or quotations are not readily available or are considered to be unreliable are valued by a fair valuation team comprised of certain personnel of the Adviser. The Adviser is designated as the valuation designee for the Fund pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Adviser's fair valuation team is responsible for monitoring developments that may impact fair valued securities.
Inputs used when applying fair value methods to value a security may include credit ratings, the financial condition of the company, current market conditions and comparable securities. The Adviser may use fair value methods if it is determined that a significant event has occurred after the close of the exchange or market on which the security trades and prior to the determination of the Fund's net asset value. Examples of a significant event might include political or economic news, corporate restructurings, natural disasters, terrorist activity or trading halts. Thus, the valuation of the Fund's securities may differ significantly from exchange prices, and such differences could be material.
B.
Investment Income and Transactions
Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date, except that certain dividends from foreign securities where the ex-dividend date may have passed are recorded as soon as the Fund becomes aware of the ex-dividend data in the exercise of reasonable diligence.
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Interest income, including interest on income-bearing cash accounts, is recorded on the accrual basis. Dividend and interest income are reported net of unrecoverable foreign taxes withheld at the applicable country rates and net of income accrued on defaulted securities.
Interest and dividend income payable by delivery of additional shares is reclassified as PIK (payment-in-kind) income upon receipt and is included in interest and dividend income, respectively.
Principal amounts of mortgage-backed securities are adjusted for monthly paydowns. Premiums and discounts related to certain mortgage-backed securities are amortized or accreted in proportion to the monthly paydowns. All discounts/premiums on purchase prices of debt securities are accreted/amortized for financial reporting purposes over the life of the respective securities, and such accretion/amortization is included in interest income.
Security transactions are recorded as of trade date. Gains and losses on sales of investments are calculated on the identified cost method for both financial reporting and federal income tax purposes.
C.
Foreign Currency Translation
The books and records of the Fund are maintained in U.S. dollars. Amounts denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars using current exchange rates.
Net realized gains and losses on foreign currency transactions, if any, represent, among other things, the net realized gains and losses on foreign currency exchange contracts, disposition of foreign currencies and the difference between the amount of income accrued and the U.S. dollars actually received. Further, the effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on investments are not segregated on the Statement of Operations from the effects of changes in the market prices of those securities, but are included with the net realized and unrealized gain or loss on investments.
D.
Federal Income Taxes
It is the Fund's policy to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment companies and to distribute all of its net taxable income and net realized capital gains, if any, to its stockholders. Therefore, no provision for federal income taxes is required. As of April 30, 2025, the Fund did not accrue any interest or penalties with respect to uncertain tax positions, which, if applicable, would be recorded as an income tax expense on the Statement of
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Operations. Tax returns filed within the prior three years remain subject to examination by federal and state tax authorities.
The amount and character of income and capital gain distributions to stockholders are determined in accordance with federal income tax rules, which may differ from U.S. GAAP. Distributions in excess of net investment income or net realized gains are temporary over distributions for financial statement purposes resulting from differences in the recognition or classification of income or distributions for financial statement and tax purposes. Capital accounts within the financial statements are adjusted for permanent book/tax differences to reflect tax character, but are not adjusted for temporary differences.
At April 30, 2025, the Fund was permitted to carry forward indefinitely $4,111,480 of short-term losses and $60,139,186 of long-term losses.
The tax character of distributions paid during the years ended April 30, 2025 and April 30, 2024, was as follows:
2025
2024
Distributions paid from:
Ordinary income $12,522,975 $9,001,540
Total
$12,522,975
$9,001,540
The following shows the components of distributable earnings (losses) on a federal income tax basis at April 30, 2025:
2025
Distributable earnings/(losses):
Undistributed ordinary income $967,411
Capital loss carryforward (64,250,666)
Net unrealized depreciation (4,368,695)
Total
$(67,651,950)
The difference between book basis and tax basis unrealized depreciation is primarily attributable to the mark to market on forward foreign currency exchange contracts, realization for tax purposes of unrealized gains on investments in passive foreign investment companies, the book/tax differences in the accrual of income on securities in default, adjustments relating to insurance-linked securities, perpetual bonds, and the premium amortization on callable bonds.
E.
Risks
The value of securities held by the Fund may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably, due to general market conditions, such as real or perceived adverse economic, political or regulatory conditions, recessions, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues,
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inflation, changes in interest rates, armed conflict such as between Russia and Ukraine or in the Middle East, sanctions against Russia, other nations or individuals or companies and possible countermeasures, lack of liquidity in the bond markets or adverse investor sentiment. In the past several years, financial markets have experienced increased volatility, depressed valuations, decreased liquidity and heightened uncertainty. These conditions may continue, recur, worsen or spread. Inflation and interest rates may increase. These circumstances could adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Fund's investments and negatively impact the Fund's performance.
Some sectors of the economy and individual issuers have experienced or may experience particularly large losses. Periods of extreme volatility in the financial markets, reduced liquidity of many instruments, increased government debt, inflation, and disruptions to supply chains, consumer demand and employee availability, may continue for some time. Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Russian securities lost all, or nearly all, their market value. Other securities or markets could be similarly affected by past or future political, geopolitical or other events or conditions.
Governments and central banks, including the U.S. Federal Reserve, have taken extraordinary and unprecedented actions to support local and global economies and the financial markets. These actions have resulted in significant expansion of public debt, including in the U.S. The consequences of high public debt, including its future impact on the economy and securities markets, may not be known for some time.
The U.S. and other countries are periodically involved in disputes over trade and other matters, which may result in tariffs, investment restrictions and adverse impacts on affected companies and securities. For example, the U.S. has imposed tariffs and other trade barriers on Chinese exports, has restricted sales of certain categories of goods to China, and has established barriers to investments in China. Trade disputes may adversely affect the economies of the U.S. and its trading partners, as well as companies directly or indirectly affected and financial markets generally. If the political climate between the U.S. and China does not improve or continues to deteriorate, if China enters into military conflict with Taiwan, the Philippines or another neighbor, or if other geopolitical conflicts develop or get worse, economies, markets and individual securities may be severely affected both regionally and globally, and the value of the Fund's assets may go down.
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At times, the Fund's investments may represent industries or industry sectors that are interrelated or have common risks, making the Fund more susceptible to any economic, political, or regulatory developments or other risks affecting those industries and sectors.
The market prices of the Fund's fixed income securities may fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. The value of your investment will generally go down when interest rates rise. A rise in rates tends to have a greater impact on the prices of longer term or duration securities. For example, if interest rates increase by 1%, the value of a Fund's portfolio with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to decrease by 10%, all other things being equal. A general rise in interest rates could adversely affect the price and liquidity of fixed income securities. The maturity of a security may be significantly longer than its effective duration. A security's maturity and other features may be more relevant than its effective duration in determining the security's sensitivity to other factors affecting the issuer or markets generally, such as changes in credit quality or in the yield premium that the market may establish for certain types of securities (sometimes called "credit spread"). In general, the longer its maturity the more a security may be susceptible to these factors. When the credit spread for a fixed income security goes up, or "widens", the value of the security will generally go down.
If an issuer or guarantor of a security held by the Fund or a counterparty to a financial contract with the Fund defaults on its obligation to pay principal and/or interest, has its credit rating downgraded or is perceived to be less creditworthy, or the credit quality or value of any underlying assets declines, the value of your investment will typically decline. Changes in actual or perceived creditworthiness may occur quickly. The Fund could be delayed or hindered in its enforcement of rights against an issuer, guarantor or counterparty.
The Fund invests in below-investment grade ("high yield") debt securities, floating rate loans and insurance-linked securities. The Fund may invest in securities and other obligations of any credit quality, including those that are rated below investment grade, or are unrated but are determined by the Adviser to be of equivalent credit quality. Below investment grade securities are commonly referred to as "junk bonds" and are considered speculative with respect to the issuer's capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Below investment grade securities, including floating rate loans, involve greater risk of loss, are subject to greater price volatility, and may be less liquid and more difficult to value, especially during periods of economic uncertainty or change, than higher rated debt securities.
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Certain securities in which the Fund invests, including floating rate loans, once sold, may not settle for an extended period (for example, several weeks or even longer). The Fund will not receive its sale proceeds until that time, which may constrain the Fund's ability to meet its obligations. The Fund may invest in securities of issuers that are in default or that are in bankruptcy. The value of collateral, if any, securing a floating rate loan can decline or may be insufficient to meet the issuer's obligations or may be difficult to liquidate. No active trading market may exist for many floating rate loans, and many loans are subject to restrictions on resale. Any secondary market may be subject to irregular trading activity and extended settlement periods. There is less readily available, reliable information about most floating rate loans than is the case for many other types of securities. Normally, the Adviser will seek to avoid receiving material, nonpublic information about the issuer of a loan either held by, or considered for investment by, the Fund, and this decision could adversely affect the Fund's investment performance. Loans may not be considered "securities," and purchasers, such as the Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections afforded by federal securities laws.
The Fund invest in insurance-linked securities ("ILS"). ILS may include event-linked bonds (also known as insurance-linked bonds or catastrophe bonds), quota share instruments (also known as "reinsurance sidecars"), collateralized reinsurance investments, industry loss warranties, event-linked swaps, securities of companies in the insurance or reinsurance industries, and other insurance and reinsurance-related securities. The Fund could lose a portion or all of the principal it has invested in an ILS, and the right to additional interest or dividend payments with respect to the security, upon the occurrence of one or more trigger events, as defined within the terms of an insurance-linked security. ILS carry significant risk. See note 1.G.
The Fund may invest in mortgage-related and asset-backed securities. The value of mortgage-related and asset-backed securities will be influenced by factors affecting the assets underlying such securities. As a result, during periods of declining asset value, difficult or frozen credit markets, swings in interest rates, or deteriorating economic conditions, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities may decline in value, face valuation difficulties, become more volatile and/or become illiquid. Mortgage-backed securities tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rate than other types of debt securities. These securities are also subject to prepayment and extension risks. Some of these securities may receive little or no collateral protection from the underlying assets and are thus subject to the risk of default. The risk of such defaults is
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generally higher in the case of mortgage-backed investments offered by non-governmental issuers and those that include so-called "sub-prime" mortgages. The structure of some of these securities may be complex and there may be less available information than for other types of debt securities. Upon the occurrence of certain triggering events or defaults, the Fund may become the holder of underlying assets at a time when those assets may be difficult to sell or may be sold only at a loss.
The Fund may invest in credit risk transfer securities. Credit risk transfer securities are unguaranteed and unsecured debt securities issued by government sponsored enterprises and therefore are not directly linked to or backed by the underlying mortgage loans. As a result, in the event that a government sponsored enterprise fails to pay principal or interest on its credit risk transfer securities or goes through a bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding, holders of such credit risk transfer securities have no direct recourse to the underlying mortgage loans and will generally receive recovery on par with other unsecured note holders in such a scenario. The risks associated with an investment in credit risk transfer securities are different than the risks associated with an investment in mortgage-backed securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, or other government sponsored enterprise or issued by a private issuer, because some or all of the mortgage default or credit risk associated with the underlying mortgage loans is transferred to investors. As a result, investors in these securities could lose some or all of their investment in these securities if the underlying mortgage loans default.
The Fund's investments in foreign markets and countries with limited developing markets may subject the Fund to a greater degree of risk than investments in a developed market. These risks include disruptive political or economic conditions, military conflicts and sanctions, terrorism, sustained economic downturns, financial instability, less liquid trading markets, extreme price volatility, currency risks, reduction of government or central bank support, inadequate accounting standards, tariffs, tax disputes or other tax burdens, nationalization or expropriation of assets and the imposition of adverse governmental laws, arbitrary application of laws and regulations or lack of rule of law and investment and repatriation restrictions. Lack of information and less market regulation also may affect the value of these securities. Withholding and other non-U.S. taxes may decrease the Fund's return. Non-U.S. issuers may be located in parts of the world that have historically been prone to natural disasters. Investing in depositary receipts is subject to many of the same risks as investing directly in
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non-U.S. issuers. Depositary receipts may involve higher expenses and may trade at a discount (or premium) to the underlying security.
Russia launched a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. In response to the military action by Russia, various countries, including the U.S., the United Kingdom, and European Union issued broad-ranging economic sanctions against Russia and Belarus and certain companies and individuals. Since then, Russian securities lost all, or nearly all, their market value, and many other issuers, securities and markets have been adversely affected. The United States and other countries may impose sanctions on other countries, companies and individuals in light of Russia's military invasion. The extent and duration of the military action or future escalation of such hostilities, the extent and impact of existing and future sanctions, market disruptions and volatility, and the result of any diplomatic negotiations cannot be predicted. These and any related events could have a significant impact on the value and liquidity of certain Fund investments, on Fund performance and the value of an investment in the Fund, particularly with respect to securities and commodities, such as oil, natural gas and food commodities, as well as other sectors with exposure to Russian issuers or issuers in other countries affected by the invasion, and are likely to have collateral impacts on market sectors globally.
The Fund may invest a significant amount of its total assets in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities are securities that the Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the securities.
The Fund may invest in REIT securities, the value of which can fall for a variety of reasons, such as declines in rental income, fluctuating interest rates, poor property management, environmental liabilities, uninsured damage, increased competition, or changes in real estate tax laws.
With the increased use of technologies such as the Internet to conduct business, the Fund is susceptible to operational, information security and related risks. While the Adviser has established business continuity plans in the event of, and risk management systems to prevent, limit or mitigate, such cyber-attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by service providers to the Fund such as the Fund's custodian and accounting agent, and the Fund's transfer agent. In addition, many beneficial owners of Fund shares hold them through accounts at broker-dealers, retirement platforms and other financial
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market participants over which neither the Fund nor the Adviser exercises control. Each of these may in turn rely on service providers to them, which are also subject to the risk of cyber-attacks. Cybersecurity failures or breaches
at
the Adviser or the Fund's service providers or intermediaries have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, interference with the Fund's ability to calculate its net asset value, impediments to trading, the inability of Fund stockholders to effect share purchases or sales or receive distributions, loss of or unauthorized access to private stockholder information and violations of applicable privacy
and
other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, or additional compliance costs. Such costs and losses may not be covered under any insurance.
In
addition, maintaining vigilance against cyber-attacks may involve substantial costs
over
time, and system enhancements may themselves be subject to cyber-attacks.
F. Restricted Securities
Restricted Securities are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale. Restricted securities generally are resold in transactions exempt
from
registration under
the
Securities Act of 1933.
Private
placement securities are generally considered to be restricted except for those securities traded between qualified institutional investors under the provisions of Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933.
Disposal of restricted investments may involve negotiations and expenses, and prompt sale at an acceptable price may be difficult to achieve. Restricted investments held by the Fund at April 30, 2025 are listed in the Schedule of Investments.
G. Insurance-Linked Securities ("ILS")
The Fund invests in ILS. The Fund could lose a portion or all of the principal it has invested in an ILS, and the right to additional interest or dividend payments with respect to the security, upon the occurrence of one or more trigger events, as defined within the terms of an insurance-linked security. Trigger events, generally, are hurricanes, earthquakes, or other natural events of a specific size or magnitude that occur in a designated geographic region during a specified time period, and/or that involve losses or other metrics that exceed a specific amount. There is no way to accurately predict whether a trigger event will occur, and accordingly, ILS carry significant risk. The Fund is entitled to receive principal, and interest and/or dividend payments so long as no trigger event occurs of the description and magnitude specified by the instrument. In addition to the specified trigger events, ILS may expose
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the Fund to other risks, including but not limited to issuer (credit) default, adverse regulatory or jurisdictional interpretations and adverse tax consequences.
The Fund's investments in ILS may include event-linked bonds. ILS also may include special purpose vehicles ("SPVs") or similar instruments structured to comprise a portion of a reinsurer's catastrophe-oriented business, known as quota share instruments (sometimes referred to as reinsurance sidecars), or to provide reinsurance relating to specific risks to insurance or reinsurance companies through a collateralized instrument, known as collateralized reinsurance. Structured reinsurance investments also may include industry loss warranties ("ILWs"). A traditional ILW takes the form of a bilateral reinsurance contract, but there are also products that take the form of derivatives, collateralized structures, or exchange-traded instruments.
Where the ILS are based on the performance of underlying reinsurance contracts, the Fund has limited transparency into the individual underlying contracts, and therefore must rely upon the risk assessment and sound underwriting practices of the issuer. Accordingly, it may be more difficult for the Adviser to fully evaluate the underlying risk profile of the Fund's structured reinsurance investments, and therefore the Fund's assets are placed at greater risk of loss than if the Adviser had more complete information. Structured reinsurance instruments generally will be considered illiquid securities by the Fund. These securities may be difficult to purchase, sell or unwind. Illiquid securities also may be difficult to value. If the Fund is forced to sell an illiquid asset, the Fund may be forced to sell at a loss.
H.
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts
The Fund may enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts ("contracts") for the purchase or sale of a specific foreign currency at a fixed price on a future date. All contracts are marked-to-market daily at the applicable exchange rates, and any resulting unrealized appreciation or depreciation is recorded in the Fund's financial statements. The Fund records realized gains and losses at the time a contract is offset by entry into a closing transaction or extinguished by delivery of the currency. Risks may arise upon entering into these contracts from the potential inability of counterparties to meet the terms of the contract and from unanticipated movements in the value of foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar (see Note 5).
During the year ended April 30, 2025, the Fund had entered into various forward foreign currency exchange contracts that obligated the Fund to deliver or take delivery of currencies at specified future maturity dates.
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Alternatively, prior to the settlement date of a forward foreign currency exchange contract, the Fund may close out such contract by entering into an offsetting contract.
The average market value of forward foreign currency exchange contracts open during the year ended April 30, 2025, was $2,769,994 and $6,164,052 for buys and sells, respectively. Open forward foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding at April 30, 2025 are listed in the Schedule of Investments.
I.
Futures Contracts
The Fund may enter into futures transactions in order to attempt to hedge against changes in interest rates, securities prices and currency exchange rates or to seek to increase total return. Futures contracts are types of derivatives.
All futures contracts entered into by the Fund are traded on a futures exchange. Upon entering into a futures contract, the Fund is required to deposit with a broker an amount of cash or securities equal to the minimum "initial margin" requirements of the associated futures exchange. The amount of cash deposited with the broker as collateral at April 30, 2025 is recorded as "Futures collateral" on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities.
Subsequent payments for futures contracts ("variation margin") are paid or received by the Fund, depending on the daily fluctuation in the value of the contracts, and are recorded by the Fund as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Cash received from or paid to the broker related to previous margin movement is held in a segregated account at the broker and is recorded as either "Due from broker for futures" or "Due to broker for futures" on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. When the contract is closed, the Fund realizes a gain or loss equal to the difference between the opening and closing value of the contract as well as any fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates where applicable. Futures contracts are subject to market risk, interest rate risk and currency exchange rate risk. Changes in value of the contracts may not directly correlate to the changes in value of the underlying securities. With futures, there is reduced counterparty credit risk to the Fund since futures are exchange-traded and the exchange's clearinghouse, as counterparty to all exchange-traded futures, guarantees the futures against default.
The average notional values of long position and short position futures contracts during the year ended April 30, 2025 were $503,711 and $0,
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respectively. Open futures contracts outstanding at April 30, 2025 are listed in the Schedule of Investments.
J.
Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan
All stockholders whose shares are registered in their own names automatically participate in the Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the "Plan"), under which participants receive all dividends and capital gain distributions (collectively, dividends) in full and fractional shares of the Fund in lieu of cash. Stockholders may elect not to participate in the Plan. Stockholders not participating in the Plan receive all dividends and capital gain distributions in cash. Participation in the Plan is completely voluntary and may be terminated or resumed at any time without penalty by notifying Equiniti Trust Company, the agent for stockholders in administering the Plan (the "Plan Agent"), in writing prior to any dividend record date; otherwise such termination or resumption will be effective with respect to any subsequently declared dividend or other distribution.
If a stockholder's shares are held in the name of a brokerage firm, bank or other nominee, the stockholder can ask the firm or nominee to participate in the Plan on the stockholder's behalf. If the firm or nominee does not offer the Plan, dividends will be paid in cash to the stockholder of record. A firm or nominee may reinvest a stockholder's cash dividends in shares of the Fund on terms that differ from the terms of the Plan.
Whenever the Fund declares a dividend on shares payable in cash, participants in the Plan will receive the equivalent in shares acquired by the Plan Agent either (i) through receipt of additional unissued but authorized shares from the Fund or (ii) by purchase of outstanding shares on the New York Stock Exchange or elsewhere. If, on the payment date for any dividend, the net asset value per share is equal to or less than the market price per share plus estimated brokerage trading fees (market premium), the Plan Agent will invest the dividend amount in newly issued shares. The number of newly issued shares to be credited to each account will be determined by dividing the dollar amount of the dividend by the net asset value per share on the date the shares are issued, provided that the maximum discount from the then current market price per share on the date of issuance does not exceed 5%. If, on the payment date for any dividend, the net asset value per share is greater than the market value (market discount), the Plan Agent will invest the dividend amount in shares acquired in open-market purchases. There are no brokerage charges with respect to newly issued shares. However, each participant will pay a pro rata share of brokerage
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trading fees incurred with respect to the Plan Agent's open-market purchases. Participating in the Plan does not relieve stockholders from any federal, state or local taxes which may be due on dividends paid in any taxable year. Stockholders holding Plan shares in a brokerage account may be able to transfer the shares to another broker and continue to participate in the Plan.
K.
Statement of Cash Flows
Information on financial transactions which have been settled through the receipt or disbursement of cash or restricted cash is presented in the Statement of Cash Flows. Cash as presented in the Fund's Statement of Assets and Liabilities includes cash on hand at the Fund's custodian bank and does not include any short-term investments. As of and for the year ended April 30, 2025, the Fund had restricted cash in the form of futures collateral on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities.
2. Investment Advisory Agreement
The Adviser manages the Fund's portfolio. Until April 1, 2025, Amundi US served as the Adviser. Management fees payable under the Fund's Investment Management Agreement with Amundi US were calculated daily and paid monthly at the annual rate of 0.85% of the Fund's average daily managed assets. "Managed assets" means (a) the total assets of the Fund, including any form of investment leverage, minus (b) all accrued liabilities incurred in the normal course of operations, which shall not include any liabilities or obligations attributable to investment leverage obtained through (i) indebtedness of any type (including, without limitation, borrowing through a credit facility or the issuance of debt securities), (ii) the issuance of preferred stock or other similar preference securities, and/or (iii) any other means. For the year ended April 30, 2025, the management fee was 0.85% of the Fund's average daily managed assets, which was equivalent to 1.20% of the Fund's average daily net assets.
Effective April 1, 2025, Victory Capital serves as the Adviser under an interim investment advisory agreement (the "Interim Advisory Agreement") (see note 10). The Interim Advisory Agreement will be in effect until the earlier of (i) stockholder approval of a new investment advisory agreement with Victory Capital or (ii) 150 days after April 1, 2025 (August 29, 2025). The terms of the Interim Advisory Agreement (including fees) are substantially the same as the terms of the Fund's investment advisory agreement with Amundi US. Investment advisory fees payable under the Interim Advisory Agreement will be held in escrow during the term of the Interim Advisory Agreement. At the end of the 150-day period, Victory Capital will be paid the lesser of (a) its costs incurred in performing its services under the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement and (b) the
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total amount of the escrow account, plus interest earned, if stockholders of the Fund do not approve a new investment advisory agreement with Victory Capital.
Effective April 1, 2025, Victory Capital has contractually agreed to reimburse expenses so that total annual fund operating expenses (excluding certain items such as interest, taxes, brokerage commissions) do not exceed 4.54%. These expense limitations are in effect through April 1, 2028.
In addition, under the management and administration agreements, certain other services and costs, including accounting, regulatory reporting and insurance premiums, are paid by the Fund as administrative reimbursements. Reflected on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities is $102,008 in management fees payable to Amundi US at April 30, 2025.
3. Compensation of Officers and Directors
The Fund paid an annual fee to its Directors. Except for the chief compliance officer, the Fund did not pay any salary or other compensation to its officers. The Fund paid a portion of the chief compliance officer's compensation for his services as the Fund's chief compliance officer. The Adviser paid the remaining portion of the chief compliance officer's compensation. For the year ended April 30, 2025, the Fund paid $8,395 in Officers' and Directors' compensation, which is reflected on the Statement of Operations as Officers' and Directors' fees. At April 30, 2025, on its Statement of Assets and Liabilities, the Fund had a payable for Directors' fees of $1,019 and a payable for administrative expenses of $16,874, which includes the payable for Officers' compensation.
4. Transfer Agent
Equiniti Trust Company, LLC ("EQ"), formerly known as American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, serves as the transfer agent with respect to the Fund's common shares. The Fund pays EQ an annual fee as is agreed to from time to time by the Fund and EQ for providing such services.
In addition, the Fund reimbursed the transfer agent for out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the transfer agent related to stockholder communications activities such as proxy and statement mailings and outgoing phone calls.
5. Master Netting Agreements
The Fund has entered into an International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. Master Agreement ("ISDA Master Agreement") or similar agreement with substantially all of its derivative counterparties. An ISDA Master Agreement is a bilateral agreement between the Fund and a
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counterparty that governs the trading of certain Over the Counter ("OTC") derivatives and typically contains, among other things, close-out and set- off provisions which apply upon the occurrence of an event of default and/or a termination event as defined under the relevant ISDA Master Agreement. The ISDA Master Agreement may also give a party the right to terminate all transactions traded under such agreement if, among other things, there is deterioration in the credit quality of the other party.
Upon an event of default or a termination of the ISDA Master Agreement, the non-defaulting party has the right to close-out all transactions under such agreement and to net amounts owed under each transaction to determine one net amount payable by one party to the other. The right to close out and net payments across all transactions under the ISDA Master Agreement could result in a reduction of the Fund's credit risk to its counterparty equal to any amounts payable by the Fund under the applicable transactions, if any. However, the Fund's right to set-off may be restricted or prohibited by the bankruptcy or insolvency laws of the particular jurisdiction to which each specific ISDA Master Agreement of each counterparty is subject.
The collateral requirements for derivatives transactions under an ISDA Master Agreement are governed by a credit support annex to the ISDA Master Agreement. Collateral requirements are generally determined at the close of business each day and are typically based on changes in market values for each transaction under an ISDA Master Agreement and netted into one amount for such agreement. Generally, the amount of collateral due from or to a counterparty is subject to threshold (a "minimum transfer amount") before a transfer is required, which may vary by counterparty. Collateral pledged for the benefit of the Fund and/or counterparty is held in segregated accounts by the Fund's custodian and cannot be sold, re- pledged, assigned or otherwise used while pledged. Cash that has been segregated to cover the Fund's collateral obligations, if any, will be reported separately on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities as "Swaps collateral". Securities pledged by the Fund as collateral, if any, are identified as such in the Schedule of Investments.
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Financial instruments subject to an enforceable master netting agreement, such as an ISDA Master Agreement, have been offset on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. The following charts show gross assets and liabilities of the Fund as of April 30, 2025.
Counterparty Derivative
Assets
Subject to
Master Netting
Agreement
Derivatives
Available
for Offset
Non-Cash
Collateral
Received(a)
Cash
Collateral
Received(a)
Net Amount
of Derivative
Assets(b)
Citibank NA $100,851 $(26,110) $- $- $74,741
HSBC Bank USA NA 116,135 (11,840) - - 104,295
State Street Bank & Trust Co. 22,528 - - - 22,528
Total $239,514 $(37,950) $- $- $201,564
Counterparty Derivative
Liabilities
Subject to
Master Netting
Agreement
Derivatives
Available
for Offset
Non-Cash
Collateral
Pledged(a)
Cash
Collateral
Pledged(a)
Net Amount
of Derivative
Liabilities(c)
Citibank NA $26,110 $(26,110) $- $- $-
HSBC Bank USA NA 11,840 (11,840) - - -
State Street Bank & Trust Co. - - - - -
Total $37,950 $(37,950) $- $- $-
(a) The amount presented here may be less than the total amount of collateral received/pledged, as the net amount of derivative assets and liabilities cannot be less than $0.
(b) Represents the net amount due from the counterparty in the event of default.
(c) Represents the net amount payable to the counterparty in the event of default.
6. Additional Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Fund's use of derivatives may enhance or mitigate the Fund's exposure to the following risks:
Interest rate risk relates to the fluctuations in the value of interest-bearing securities due to changes in the prevailing levels of market interest rates.
Credit risk relates to the ability of the issuer of a financial instrument to make further principal or interest payments on an obligation or commitment that it has to the Fund.
Foreign exchange rate risk relates to fluctuations in the value of an asset or liability due to changes in currency exchange rates.
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Equity risk relates to the fluctuations in the value of financial instruments as a result of changes in market prices (other than those arising from interest rate risk or foreign exchange rate risk), whether caused by factors specific to an individual investment, its issuer, or all factors affecting all instruments traded in a market or market segment.
Commodity risk relates to the risk that the value of a commodity or commodity index will fluctuate based on increases or decreases in the commodities market and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity.
The fair value of open derivative instruments (not considered to be hedging instruments for accounting disclosure purposes) by risk exposure at April 30, 2025, was as follows:
Statement of Assets
and Liabilities
Interest
Rate Risk
Credit
Risk
Foreign
Exchange
Rate Risk
Equity
Risk
Commodity
Risk
Assets
Unrealized appreciation on forward foreign currency exchange contracts $- $- $239,514 $- $-
Total Value $- $- $239,514 $- $-
Liabilities
Net unrealized depreciation on futures contracts^ $323 $- $- $- $-
Unrealized depreciation on forward foreign currency exchange contracts - - 37,950 - -
Total Value $323 $- $37,950 $- $-
^ Includes cumulative unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of futures contracts as reported in the Schedule of Investments. Only net variation margin is reported within the assets and/or liabilities on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities.
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The effect of derivative instruments (not considered to be hedging instruments for accounting disclosure purposes) on the Statement of Operations by risk exposure at April 30, 2025 was as follows:
Statement of Operations /
Statement of Cash Flows
Interest
Rate Risk
Credit
Risk
Foreign
Exchange
Rate Risk
Equity
Risk
Commodity
Risk
Net Realized Gain (Loss) on
Futures contracts $(29,991) $- $- $- $-
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts - - (414,989) - -
Total Value $(29,991) $- $(414,989) $- $-
Change in Net Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) on
Futures contracts $31,125 $- $- $- $-
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts - - 256,809 - -
Total Value $31,125 $- $256,809 $- $-
7. Fund Shares
There are 1,000,000,000 shares of common stock of the Fund ("common shares"), $0.001 par value per share authorized. Transactions in common shares for the year ended April 30, 2025 and the year ended April 30, 2024 were as follows:
4/30/25 4/30/24
Shares outstanding at beginning of year 8,334,759 8,334,759
Shares outstanding at end of year 8,334,759 8,334,759
8. Credit Agreement
The Fund has entered into a Revolving Credit Facility (the "Credit Agreement") with the Toronto-Dominion Bank, NY. There is a $45,000,000 borrowing limit.
At April 30, 2025, the Fund had a borrowing outstanding under the Credit Agreement totaling $43,325,000. The interest rate charged at April 30, 2025 was 5.47%. During the year ended April 30, 2025, the average daily balance was $43,272,945 at an average interest rate of 6.15%.
Interest expense of $2,659,845 in connection with the Credit Agreement is included on the Statement of Operations.
The Fund is required to maintain 300% asset coverage with respect to amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement. Asset coverage is calculated by subtracting the Fund's total liabilities not including the credit agreement, from the Fund's total assets and dividing such amount by the principal amount of the borrowing outstanding.
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The Credit Agreement renews on a daily basis in perpetuity. The bank or Fund may, at any time, deliver a termination notice, which becomes effective 179 days after its date of delivery.
9. Unfunded Loan Commitments
The Fund may enter into unfunded loan commitments. Unfunded loan commitments may be partially or wholly unfunded. During the contractual period, the Fund is obliged to provide funding to the borrower upon demand. A fee is earned by the Fund on the unfunded loan commitment and is recorded as interest income on the Statement of Operations. Unfunded loan commitments are fair valued in accordance with the valuation policy described in Note 1A and unrealized appreciation or depreciation, if any, is recorded on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities.
As of April 30, 2025, the Fund had no unfunded loan commitments outstanding.
10. Reorganization
Effective April 1, 2025, Amundi US, the Fund's former Adviser, was combined with Victory Capital Holdings, Inc., the parent company of Victory Capital (the "Transaction").
In connection with the Transaction, Fund stockholders were asked to approve a new investment advisory agreement with Victory Capital (the "New Advisory Agreement") at a special meeting originally scheduled for March 26, 2025 (the "Postponed Meeting"). The Fund postponed its meeting because it had not obtained a sufficient number of votes to approve the New Advisory Agreement.
Because stockholders did not approve the New Advisory Agreement prior to the closing of the Transaction, the Fund entered into an interim investment advisory agreement (the "Interim Advisory Agreement") with Victory Capital, which was approved by the Board and took effect upon the closing of the Transaction. The Interim Advisory Agreement allows Victory Capital to manage each Fund for up to 150 days following the closing of the Transaction (August 29, 2025). Please see Note 2. for additional information regarding the Interim Advisory Agreement.
After considering various options for the Fund, the Board has approved, and recommends that stockholders vote for, the liquidation of the Fund.
The Fund has filed a proxy statement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") with respect to the proposal to liquidate the Fund. Copies of the Fund's proxy statement will be mailed to each stockholder of record of the Fund. Stockholders are advised to read the
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Fund's proxy statement because it contains important information. The proxy statement and other documents filed by the Fund are available free of charge on the SEC website, www.sec.gov.
In light of the Board's approval of a plan of liquidation for the Fund and its recommendation that stockholders of the Fund vote for liquidation pursuant to the plan, the Postponed Meeting will not be rescheduled.
11. Subsequent Events
On May 6, 2025, the Board of the Fund amended the Fund's bylaws to remove Article II, Section 13. That repealed Article II, Section 13 made the Fund subject to the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act, which had the effect of limiting the voting rights in certain circumstances of a person who acquires more than a certain level of ownership of the Fund's common stock.
A monthly distribution was declared on May 5, 2025 of $0.1000 per share payable May 30, 2025, to stockholders of record on May 16, 2025.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and the Stockholders of Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc.:
Opinion on the Financial Statements and Financial Highlights
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc. (the "Fund"), including the schedule of investments, as of April 30, 2025, and the related statement of operations and statement of cash flows for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets and the financial highlights for each of the two years in the period then ended, and the related notes. In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund as of April 30, 2025, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the year then ended, and the changes in net assets and financial highlights for each of the two years in the period then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The financial highlights for the years ended April 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021 were audited by other auditors. Those auditors expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and financial highlights in their report dated June 27, 2023.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements and financial highlights are the responsibility of the Fund's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund's financial statements and financial highlights based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and financial highlights are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Fund is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Fund's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
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Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements and financial highlights, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements and financial highlights. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements and financial highlights. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of April 30, 2025, by correspondence with the custodian and brokers; when replies were not received from brokers, we performed other auditing procedures. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
June 25, 2025
We have served as the auditor of one or more of the Pioneer investment companies since 2024.
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Additional Information
(unaudited)
Notice is hereby given in accordance with Section 23(c) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 that the Fund may purchase, from time to time, its shares in the open market.
The percentages of the Fund's ordinary income distributions that are exempt from nonresident alien (NRA) tax withholding resulting from qualified interest income was 44.03%.
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Investment Objectives, Principal Investment Strategies and Principal Risks (unaudited)
CHANGES OCCURRING DURING THE MOST RECENT FISCAL YEAR
During the Fund's most recent fiscal year, there were no material changes to the Fund's investment objectives or policies that have not been approved by stockholders or in the principal risk factors associated with investment in the Fund.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES
The Fund's primary investment objective is to provide its common stockholders with a high level of current income. As a secondary investment objective, the Fund seeks capital appreciation to the extent consistent with its primary investment objective. The Fund's investment objectives are fundamental policies and may not be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its managed assets (net assets plus borrowings or other leverage for investment purposes) in a diversified portfolio of below investment grade (high yield) debt securities, loans and preferred stocks. These securities are rated below investment grade by the national rating agencies that cover the obligations (i.e., Ba and below by Moody's or BB and below by S&P), or if unrated, are determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. Investment in securities of below investment grade quality, commonly referred to as "junk bonds," involves substantial risk of loss. "Junk bonds" are considered predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer's ability to pay interest and repay principal and are susceptible to default or decline in market value due to adverse economic and business developments.
The Fund will provide written notice to stockholders at least 60 days prior to any change to the requirement that it invest at least 80% of its managed assets in below investment grade (high yield) debt securities, loans and preferred stocks.
The Fund may invest in securities and other obligations of any credit quality, including those that are rated below investment grade or are unrated but determined by the Adviser to be of equivalent credit quality. The Fund does not have a policy of maintaining a specific average credit
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quality or a dollar-weighted average maturity target or range for its portfolio. The Fund may invest any portion of its assets in securities and other instruments of non-U.S. issuers, including emerging market issuers, and may engage in certain strategic transactions.
The Fund allocates its investments principally among three sectors of the fixed income securities markets: (i) below investment grade debt securities and preferred stocks of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers, including governmental and corporate issuers in emerging markets ("global high income debt securities"), (ii) floating rate loans and (iii) insurance-linked securities ("ILS"). ILS include event-linked bonds (also known as insurance-linked bonds or catastrophe bonds), quota share instruments (also known as "reinsurance sidecars"), collateralized reinsurance investments, industry loss warranties, event-linked swaps, securities of companies in the insurance or reinsurance industries, and other insurance- and reinsurance-related securities. ILS are typically rated below investment grade or unrated.
The Adviser believes that this actively managed, diversified portfolio of asset classes - global high yield debt securities, floating rate loans and ILS - may provide investors with a range of potential benefits across various market cycles and under various market conditions. These benefits include, among others, the potential to provide investors with a relatively high level of current income without undue risk as a result of the low correlation among these asset classes, reduced volatility due to limited exposure to interest rate and duration risk, as well as a favorable risk return profile. Specifically, the floating rate feature of both floating rate loans and ILS serves to reduce sensitivity to changes in prevailing interest rates. In addition, the introduction of ILS to the diversified portfolio enhances these benefits by reducing volatility, while providing the potential for above average returns. Moreover, the Fund's investments in ILS offer investors access to a unique asset class that otherwise may be unavailable to them. The Fund's investments nevertheless involve significant risks since the Fund invests at least 80% of its managed assets in below investment grade (high yield) debt securities, loans and preferred stocks.
The Adviser is responsible for managing the Fund's overall investment program, including allocating the Fund's investments among the different asset classes and managing the Fund's investments in global high income debt securities, floating rate loans and ILS. The Adviser considers both broad economic and issuer specific factors in selecting a portfolio designed to achieve the Fund's investment objectives. The Adviser selects individual securities based upon the terms of the securities (such as yields compared to U.S. Treasuries or comparable issues), liquidity and rating, sector and issuer diversification. The Adviser also employs due diligence and
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fundamental quantitative and qualitative research to assess an issuer's credit quality, taking into account financial condition and profitability, future capital needs, potential for change in rating, industry outlook, the competitive environment and management ability. The Adviser may sell a portfolio security when it believes the security no longer will contribute to meeting the Fund's investment objectives. The Adviser makes that determination based on the same criteria it uses to select portfolio securities. In making these portfolio decisions, the Adviser relies on the knowledge, experience and judgment of its staff and the staff of its affiliates who have access to a wide variety of research.
In selecting ILS for investment, the Adviser uses quantitative and qualitative analysis. The Adviser utilizes quantitative analysis in an effort to model portfolio risk and attribution. This modeling process is supported by use of a risk analytic system that is used by the insurance industry. The risk analytic system contains a database of historical and hypothetical catastrophic events and property structures that assists the Adviser in its efforts to model peril exposures at both the security and portfolio level. Among the factors considered in this process are expected loss and the probabilities of loss and maximum loss. The Adviser's qualitative analysis may consider various factors, such as trigger term (measurement of loss event specific to an instrument) or other terms of an instrument, sponsor quality, deal structure, alignment of interest between the Fund and the sponsoring insurance company, and model accuracy. The Adviser's analysis guides the Adviser in determining the desired allocation of reinsurance-related securities by issuer, peril and geographic exposure. The Adviser may rely on information and analysis obtained from brokers, dealers and ratings organizations, among other sources.
The Fund may use financial leverage on an ongoing basis for investment purposes by borrowing from banks through a revolving credit facility. Leverage creates special risks not associated with unleveraged funds having a similar investment objectives and policies. These include the possibility of higher volatility of both the net asset value of the Fund and the value of assets serving as asset coverage for the borrowing. The fees and expenses attributed to leverage, including any increase in the management fees, will be borne by holders of common shares. The Adviser intends only to leverage the Fund when it believes that the potential total return on additional investments purchased with the proceeds of leverage is likely to exceed the costs incurred in connection with the leverage. The Fund may not be leveraged at all times, and the amount of leverage, if any, may vary depending on a variety of factors, including the Adviser's outlook for
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interest rates and credit markets and the costs that the Fund would incur as a result of such leverage. The Fund's leveraging strategy may not be successful.
Although the Adviser considers ratings when making investment decisions, the Adviser performs its own credit and investment analysis and does not rely primarily on ratings assigned by rating services. In evaluating the attractiveness of a particular obligation, whether rated or unrated, the Adviser generally gives equal weight to the obligation's yield and the issuer's creditworthiness and will normally take into consideration, among other things, the issuer's financial resources and operating history, its sensitivity to economic conditions and trends, the availability of its management, its debt maturity schedules and borrowing requirements, and relative values based on anticipated cash flow, interest and asset coverage and earnings prospects.
Portfolio Contents
Global high yield debt securities.
The Fund's investments in global high yield debt securities may include below investment grade convertible bonds and preferred stocks that are convertible into the equity securities of the issuer. The value of obligations of non-U.S. issuers is affected by changes in foreign tax laws (including withholding tax), government policies (in this country or abroad) and relations between nations, and trading, settlement, custodial and other operational risks. In addition, the costs of investing abroad are generally higher than in the United States.
Floating rate instruments.
Floating rate instruments pay interest rates that adjust or "float" periodically based on a specified interest rate or other reference and include floating rate loans, repurchase agreements, money market securities and shares of money market and short-term bond funds.
Floating rate loans.
Floating rate loans are provided by banks and other financial institutions to large corporate customers in connection with recapitalizations, acquisitions, and refinancings. These loans are generally acquired as a participation interest in, or assignment of, loans originated by a lender or other financial institution. These loans are rated below investment grade. The rates of interest on the loans typically adjust periodically by reference to a base lending rate, such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), a designated U.S. bank's prime or base rate or the overnight federal funds rate, plus a premium. Some loans reset on set dates, typically every 30 to 90 days, but not to exceed one year. Other loans reset periodically when the underlying rate resets.
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Senior loans hold a senior position in the capital structure of the borrower. Having a senior position means that, if the borrower becomes insolvent, senior debtholders, like the Fund, will be paid before subordinated debtholders and stockholders of the borrower. Senior loans typically are secured by specific collateral.
Floating rate loans typically are structured and administered by a financial institution that acts as an agent for the holders of the loan. Loans can be acquired directly through the agent, by assignment from another holder of the loan, or as a participation interest in the loan. When the Fund is a direct investor in a loan, the Fund may have the ability to influence the terms of the loan, although the Fund does not act as the sole negotiator or originator of the loan. Participation interests are fractional interests in a loan issued by a lender or other financial institution. When the Fund invests in a loan participation, the Fund does not have a direct claim against the borrower and must rely upon an intermediate participant to enforce any rights against the borrower.
Insurance-linked securities
Event-linked bonds
The Fund may invest in "event-linked" bonds, which sometimes are referred to as "insurance-linked" or "catastrophe" bonds. Event-linked bonds are floating rate debt obligations for which the return of principal and the payment of interest are contingent on the non-occurrence of a pre-defined "trigger" event, such as a hurricane or an earthquake of a specific magnitude. The trigger event's magnitude may be based on losses to a company or industry, industry indexes or readings of scientific instruments, or may be based on specified actual losses. If a trigger event, as defined within the terms of an event-linked bond occurs, the Fund may lose a portion or all of its accrued interest and/or principal invested in such event-linked bond. The Fund is entitled to receive principal and interest payments so long as no trigger event occurs of the description and magnitude specified by the instrument.
Event-linked bonds may be issued by government agencies, insurance companies, reinsurers, special purpose corporations or other U.S. or non-U.S. entities. Event-linked bonds are typically rated below investment grade or may be unrated. The rating for an event-linked bond primarily reflects the rating agency's calculated probability that a pre-defined trigger event will occur, which will cause a loss of principal. This rating may also assess the credit risk of the bond's collateral pool, if any, and the reliability of the model used to calculate the probability of a trigger event.
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The Fund's investments in event-linked bonds may have trigger events related to a broad range of insurance risks, which can be broken down into three major categories: natural risks, weather risks and non-natural events. Investments in event-linked bonds with trigger events related to natural risks will represent the largest portion of the Fund's event-linked bond investments. The events covered are natural catastrophes, such as hurricanes, other windstorms, earthquakes and fires. Investments in event-linked bonds linked to weather risks provide insurance to companies, or insurers of companies, whose sales depend on the weather and provide a hedge on the impact of weather-related risks. For example, a weather event-linked bond could provide coverage based on the average temperature in a region over a given period. Investments in event-linked bonds linked to non-natural risks could cover a much broader array of insurable risks, such as aerospace and shipping catastrophes.
The Fund may invest in other types of event-linked bonds where the trigger event may be based on company-wide losses ("indemnity triggers"), index-based losses ("index triggers") or a combination of triggers ("hybrid triggers").
Indemnity triggers.
Indemnity triggers are based on losses of the insurance company or other entity issuing the event-linked bond. The trigger event would be considered to have occurred if a company's losses on catastrophic insurance claims exceeded a certain aggregate amount of insured claims. If the company's losses were less than the pre-determined aggregate amount, then the trigger event would not be considered to have occurred and the Fund would be entitled to recover its principal plus accrued but unpaid interest. Indemnity triggers require investors and rating agencies to understand the risks of the insurance and reinsurance policies underwritten by the company, which may be difficult to obtain and ascertain, particularly in the case of complex commercial insurance and reinsurance policies. In addition, event-linked bond investors are dependent upon the company's ability to settle catastrophe claims in a manner that would not be disadvantageous to investors' interests.
Index triggers.
Index triggers follow one of three broad approaches: parametric, industry-loss and modeled-loss, or a combination thereof, which is discussed below as "hybrid triggers." Index triggers are based on pre-defined formulas, which eliminate the risks relating to a company's insurance claims-handling practices and potential information barriers. However, index triggers are generally riskier than indemnity triggers, since investors in event-linked bonds that have index triggers are dependent upon the accuracy of the models and reporting services used to calculate the formulas.
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- Parametric.
Parametric index triggers are based upon the occurrence of a catastrophic event with certain defined physical parameters (e.g., wind speed and location of a hurricane or magnitude and location of an earthquake).
- Industry-loss.
Industry loss index triggers are based upon the estimated loss for the insurance industry as a whole from a particular catastrophe. Estimates are derived from a reporting service, such as Property Claim Services.
- Modeled-loss.
Modeled-loss index triggers are based upon a catastrophe-modeling firm's database estimate of an industry loss, or a company's losses compared to a modeling firm's industry estimate of losses.
Hybrid triggers.
Hybrid triggers involve more than one trigger type in a single transaction or tranche of an event-linked bond. For example, a hybrid trigger could involve the occurrence of both a U.S. hurricane and a Japanese earthquake with a different kind of index trigger for each. Another example of a hybrid trigger involves different trigger types occurring in a particular sequence. For example, after the occurrence of a qualifying U.S. earthquake, a modeled-loss index is used to establish a company's overall market share, and then applied to the industry loss index associated with the qualifying event to determine any principal reduction. Hybrid triggers may be more complicated and difficult to understand for investors, and involve the applicable risks associated with the types of triggers described above.
Structured reinsurance investments
ILS include special purpose vehicles ("SPVs") or similar instruments structured to comprise a portion of a reinsurer's catastrophe-oriented business, known as quota share instruments (sometimes referred to as reinsurance sidecars), or to provide reinsurance relating to specific risks to insurance or reinsurance companies through a collateralized instrument, known as collateralized reinsurance. Quota share instruments and other structured reinsurance investments generally will be considered illiquid securities by the Fund. The Fund may invest substantially in illiquid securities.
Structured reinsurance investments developed along with event-linked bonds as a mechanism to facilitate risk-transfer from insurance markets to capital markets investors. These instruments are typically more customizable but less liquid investments than event-linked bonds. Like event-linked bonds, an investor in structured reinsurance investments participates in the premiums and losses associated with underlying reinsurance contracts. Where the instruments are based on the performance
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of underlying reinsurance contracts, the Fund has limited transparency into the underlying contracts and therefore must rely upon the risk assessment and sound underwriting practices of the insurer and/or reinsurer. Accordingly, it may be more difficult for the Adviser to fully evaluate the underlying risk profile of the Fund's structured reinsurance investments, and therefore the Fund's assets are placed at greater risk of loss than if the Adviser had more complete information. The instruments typically mature in one year.
The Fund invests indirectly in reinsurance contracts, by holding notes or preferred shares issued by a SPV or similar instrument whose performance is tied to an underlying reinsurance transaction, including quota share instruments. Quota share instruments are a form of proportional reinsurance in which an investor participates in the premiums and losses of a reinsurer's portfolio of catastrophe-oriented policies, according to a predefined percentage. For example, under a 10% quota share agreement, the SPV would be entitled to 10% of all premiums associated with a defined portfolio and be responsible for 10% of all related claims. The Fund, as a holder of a quota share issued by an SPV would be entitled to its pro rata share of premiums received by the SPV and would be responsible for its pro rata share of the claims, up to the total amount invested.
Collateralized reinsurance investments are privately structured securities or derivatives utilized to gain exposure to the reinsurance market. Collateralized reinsurance entails an SPV entering into a reinsurance arrangement that is then collateralized by invested capital and premiums related to the insurance coverage. The collateral is designed to cover in full the potential claims that could arise from the underlying reinsurance contract.
Structured reinsurance investments may include industry loss warranties ("ILWs"). ILWs are insurance-linked securities used to finance peak, nonrecurrent insurance risks, such as hurricanes, tropical storms and earthquakes. ILWs feature an industry loss index trigger, and, in some cases, a dual trigger design that includes a protection buyer indemnity trigger. A traditional ILW takes the form of a bilateral reinsurance contract, but there are also index products that take the form of derivatives, collateralized structures or exchange traded instruments. The common feature among these forms is that the payout trigger is based on an industry loss index or a parametric index. County-weighted industry loss warranties are variations of ILWs that provide reinsurance protection at a county level rather than state-wide or industry-wide losses.
The reinsurance market is highly cyclical, with coverage being written at the beginning of the year and midyear for coverage for the following
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12 months. The pricing of reinsurance is also highly cyclical as premiums for reinsurance coverage are driven, in large part, by insurers' recent loss experience.
Other fixed income securities
The Fund's fixed-income securities may have fixed or variable principal payments and all types of interest rate and dividend payment and reset terms, including fixed rate, adjustable rate, zero coupon, contingent, deferred, payment in kind and auction rate features. The Fund may invest in fixed-income securities with a broad range of maturities. The Fund's investments also may include unsecured or subordinated loans, revolving credit facilities, investment grade fixed income securities, convertible securities and money market instruments, such as commercial paper. The Fund also may purchase other floating rate debt securities such as notes, bonds and asset-backed securities (such as securities issued by special purpose funds investing in bank loans).
The Fund may invest in zero coupon bonds, deferred interest bonds and bonds or preferred stocks on which the interest is payable in-kind (PIK bonds). To the extent the Fund invests in such instruments, they will not contribute to the Fund's primary goal of current income. Zero coupon and deferred interest bonds are debt obligations which are issued at a significant discount from face value. While zero coupon bonds do not require the periodic payment of interest, deferred interest bonds provide for a period of delay before the regular payment of interest begins. PIK bonds are debt obligations that provide that the issuer thereof may, at its option, pay interest on such bonds in cash or in the form of additional debt obligations. Such investments may experience greater volatility in market value due to changes in interest rates. The Fund may be required to accrue income on these investments for federal income tax purposes and is required to distribute its net income each year in order to qualify for the favorable federal income tax treatment potentially available to regulated investment companies. The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for income distributions.
The Fund may hold securities that are unrated or in the lowest ratings categories (rated C by Moody's or D by S&P). Because of the greater number of investment considerations involved in investing in high yield, high risk floating rate loans and bonds, the achievement of the Fund's objectives depends more on the Adviser's judgment and analytical abilities than would be the case if invested primarily in securities in the higher ratings categories. The Fund may purchase obligations issued in connection with a restructuring pursuant to Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.
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While these investments are not a primary focus of the Fund, the Fund does not have a policy limiting such investments to a specific percentage of the Fund's assets.
Other debt securities in which the Fund may invest include: securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities and custodial receipts therefor; securities issued or guaranteed by a foreign government or any of its political subdivisions, authorities, agencies or instrumentalities or by international or supranational entities; corporate debt securities, including notes, bonds and debentures; certificates of deposit and bankers' acceptances issued or guaranteed by, or time deposits maintained at, banks (including U.S. or foreign branches of U.S. banks or U.S. or foreign branches of foreign banks) having total assets of more than $1 billion; commercial paper; and mortgage related securities. These securities may be of any maturity. The value of debt securities can be expected to vary inversely with interest rates.
The Fund may invest any portion of its assets in securities and other instruments of non-U.S. issuers, including emerging market issuers, and may engage in hedging transactions.
Preferred securities.
The Fund may invest in preferred securities. Preferred securities are equity securities, but they have many characteristics of fixed income securities, such as a fixed dividend payment rate and/or a liquidity preference over the issuer's common shares. However, because preferred shares are equity securities, they may be more susceptible to risks traditionally associated with equity investments than the Fund's fixed income securities.
Fixed rate preferred stocks have fixed dividend rates. They can be perpetual, with no mandatory redemption date, or issued with a fixed mandatory redemption date. Certain issues of preferred stock are convertible into other equity securities. Perpetual preferred stocks provide a fixed dividend throughout the life of the issue, with no mandatory retirement provisions, but may be callable. Sinking fund preferred stocks provide for the redemption of a portion of the issue on a regularly scheduled basis with, in most cases, the entire issue being retired at a future date. The value of fixed rate preferred stocks can be expected to vary inversely with interest rates.
Adjustable rate preferred stocks have a variable dividend rate which is determined periodically, typically quarterly, according to a formula based on a specified premium or discount to the yield on particular U.S. Treasury securities, typically the highest base-rate yield of one of three U.S. Treasury securities: the 90-day Treasury bill; the 10-year Treasury
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note; and either the 20-year or 30-year Treasury bond or other index. The premium or discount to be added to or subtracted from this base-rate yield is fixed at the time of issuance and cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of the adjustable rate preferred stock. Some adjustable rate preferred stocks have a maximum and a minimum rate and in some cases are convertible into common stock.
Auction rate preferred stocks pay dividends that adjust based on periodic auctions. Such preferred stocks are similar to short-term corporate money market instruments in that an auction rate preferred stockholder has the opportunity to sell the preferred stock at par in an auction, normally conducted at least every 49 days, through which buyers set the dividend rate in a bidding process for the next period. The dividend rate set in the auction depends on market conditions and the credit quality of the particular issuer. Typically, the auction rate preferred stock's dividend rate is limited to a specified maximum percentage of an external commercial paper index as of the auction date. Further, the terms of the auction rate preferred stocks generally provide that they are redeemable by the issuer at certain times or under certain conditions.
Convertible securities.
The Fund's investment in fixed income securities may include bonds and preferred stocks that are convertible into the equity securities of the issuer or a related company. Depending on the relationship of the conversion price to the market value of the underlying securities, convertible securities may trade more like equity securities than debt instruments.
Zero coupon securities.
The Fund may invest in zero coupon securities. Zero coupon securities are debt instruments that do not pay interest during the life of the security but are issued at a discount from the amount the investor will receive when the issuer repays the amount borrowed (the face value). The discount approximates the total amount of interest that would be paid at an assumed interest rate.
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities.
The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. Mortgage-backed securities may be issued by private companies or by agencies of the U.S. government and represent direct or indirect participation in, or are collateralized by and payable from, mortgage loans secured by real property. Asset-backed securities represent participations in, or are secured by and payable from, assets such as installment sales or loan contracts, leases, credit card receivables and other categories of receivables. The Fund's investments in mortgage related securities may include mortgage derivatives and structured securities.
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The Fund may invest in commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS"). CMBS are subject to the risks generally associated with mortgage-backed securities. CMBS may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government and are subject to risk of default on the underlying mortgages. CMBS issued by non-government entities may offer higher yields than those issued by government entities, but also may be subject to greater volatility than government issues. CMBS react differently to changes in interest rates than other bonds and the prices of CMBS may reflect adverse economic and market conditions. Small movements in interest rates (both increases and decreases) may quickly and significantly reduce the value of CMBS.
The commercial mortgages underlying certain commercial mortgage-backed securities generally allow all or a substantial portion of the loan balance to be paid at maturity, commonly known as a balloon payment. Some mortgage loans restrict periodic adjustments by limiting changes in the borrower's monthly principal and interest payments rather than limiting interest rate changes. These payment caps may result in negative amortization, where payments are less than the amount of principal and interest owed, with excess amounts added to the outstanding principal balance, which can extend the average life of the mortgage-backed securities.
The Fund may invest in credit risk transfer securities. Credit risk transfer securities are a type of mortgage-related security that transfers the credit risk related to certain types of mortgage-backed securities to the owner of the credit risk transfer security. Credit risk transfer securities are commonly issued by government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs), such as FNMA or FHLMC, but may also be issued by private entities such as banks or other financial institutions. Credit risk transfer securities issued by GSEs are unguaranteed and unsecured fixed or floating rate general obligations and are typically issued at par and have stated final maturities. In addition, GSE-issued credit risk transfer securities are structured so that: (i) interest is paid directly by the issuing GSE; and (ii) principal is paid by the issuing GSE in accordance with the principal payments and default performance of a pool of residential mortgage loans acquired by the GSE. In this regard, holders of GSE credit risk transfer securities receive compensation for providing credit protection to the GSE and, when a specified level of losses on the underlying mortgage loans occurs, the principal balance and certain payments owed to the holders of such GSE credit risk transfer securities may be reduced.
In the event that a government sponsored enterprise fails to pay principal or interest on its credit risk transfer securities or goes through a bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding, holders of such credit risk
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transfer securities have no direct recourse to the underlying mortgage loans and will generally receive recovery on par with other unsecured note holders in such a scenario. The risks associated with an investment in credit risk transfer securities are different than the risks associated with an investment in mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC, or other government sponsored enterprise or issued by a private issuer, because some or all of the mortgage default or credit risk associated with the underlying mortgage loans is transferred to investors. As a result, investors in these securities could lose some or all of their investment in these securities if the underlying mortgage loans default.
To the extent the Fund invests significantly in asset-backed and mortgage-related securities, its exposure to prepayment and extension risks may be greater than if it invested in other fixed income securities.
Certain debt instruments may only pay principal at maturity or may only represent the right to receive payments of principal or interest on underlying pools of mortgage or government securities, but not both. The value of these types of instruments may change more drastically than debt securities that pay both principal and interest during periods of changing interest rates. Principal only mortgage-backed securities generally increase in value if interest rates decline, but are also subject to the risk of prepayment. Interest only instruments generally increase in value in a rising interest rate environment when fewer of the underlying mortgages are prepaid. Interest only instruments could lose their entire value in a declining interest rate environment if the underlying mortgages are prepaid.
The Fund may invest in mortgage derivatives and structured securities. Mortgage derivatives or structured securities typically are not secured by real property. Because these securities have imbedded leverage features, small changes in interest or prepayment rates may cause large and sudden price movements. Mortgage derivatives can also become illiquid and hard to value in declining markets.
Inverse floating rate obligations.
The Fund may invest in inverse floating rate obligations (a type of derivative instrument). The interest rate on inverse floating rate obligations will generally decrease as short-term interest rates increase, and increase as short-term rates decrease. Due to their leveraged structure, the sensitivity of the market value of an inverse floating rate obligation to changes in interest rates is generally greater than a comparable long-term bond issued by the same issuer and with similar credit quality, redemption and maturity provisions. Inverse floating rate obligations may be volatile and involve leverage risk.
Second lien loans and other subordinated securities.
The Fund may invest in second lien loans and other securities that are subordinated or "junior"
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to more senior securities of the issuer. The investor in a subordinated security of an issuer is entitled to payment after other holders of debt in that issuer.
Collateralized debt obligations.
The Fund may invest in collateralized debt obligations ("CDOs"), which include collateralized bond obligations ("CBOs"), collateralized loan obligations ("CLOs") and other similarly structured securities. CDOs have securitized certain financial assets by issuing securities in the form of negotiable paper that are issued by an SPV. These securitized assets are, as a rule, corporate financial assets brought into a pool according to specific diversification rules. The SPV is a company founded solely for the purpose of securitizing these claims and its only asset is the diversified asset pool. On this basis, marketable securities are issued which, due to the diversification of the underlying risk, generally represent a lower level of risk than the original assets. The redemption of the securities issued by the SPV takes place at maturity out of the cash flow generated by the collected claims.
The Fund also may invest in CBOs, which are structured debt securities backed by a diversified pool of high yield, public or private fixed income securities. These may be fixed pools or may be "market value" (or managed) pools of collateral. The CBO issues debt securities that are typically separated into tranches representing different degrees of credit quality. The top tranche of securities has the greatest collateralization and pays the lowest interest rate. Lower CBO tranches have a lesser degree of collateralization quality and pay higher interest rates intended to compensate for the attendant risks. The bottom tranche specifically receives the residual interest payments (i.e., money that is left over after the higher tranches have been paid) rather than a fixed interest rate. The return on the lower tranches of a CBO is especially sensitive to the rate of defaults in the collateral pool. Under normal market conditions, the Fund expects to invest in the lower tranches of a CBO.
A CLO is a structured debt security issued by an SPV that was created to reapportion the risk and return characteristics of a pool of assets. The assets, typically floating rate loans, are used as collateral supporting the various debt tranches issued by the SPV. The key feature of the CLO structure is the prioritization of the cash flows from a pool of debt securities among the several classes of securities issued by a CLO.
Credit-linked notes.
The Fund may invest in credit-linked notes ("CLNs") for risk management purposes, including diversification. A CLN is a derivative instrument. It is a synthetic obligation between two or more parties where the payment of principal and/or interest is based on the performance of some obligation (a reference obligation). In addition to
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credit risk of the reference obligations and interest rate risk, the buyer/seller of the CLN is subject to counterparty risk.
Credit default swaps.
The Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements. The "buyer" in a credit default contract is obligated to pay the "seller" a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no event of default on an underlying reference obligation has occurred. If an event of default occurs, the seller must pay the buyer the "par value" (full notional value) of the reference obligation in exchange for the reference obligation. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If the Fund is a buyer and no event of default occurs, the Fund loses its investment and recovers nothing. However, if an event of default occurs, the buyer receives full notional value for a reference obligation that may have little or no value. As a seller, the Fund receives income throughout the term of the contract, which typically is between six months and three years, provided that there is no default event.
Credit default swaps involve greater risks than if the Fund had invested in the reference obligation directly. In addition to general market risks, credit default swaps are subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk and credit risks. The Fund will enter into swap agreements only with counterparties that are rated investment grade quality by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating organization at the time of entering into such transaction or whose creditworthiness is believed by the Adviser to be equivalent to such rating. If an event of default were to occur, the value of the reference obligation received by the seller, coupled with the periodic payments previously received, may be less than the full notional value it pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to the seller. When the Fund acts as a seller of a credit default swap agreement it is exposed to many of the same risks of leverage, since if an event of default occurs the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the reference obligation.
Event-linked swaps.
The Fund may obtain event-linked exposure by investing in event-linked swaps, which are similar to credit default swaps but typically are contingent, or formulaically related to defined trigger events. Trigger events include hurricanes, earthquakes and weather-related phenomena, including statistics relating to such events. If a trigger event occurs, the Fund may lose the swap's notional amount. As derivative instruments, event-linked swaps are subject to risks in addition to the risks of investing in event-linked bonds, including counterparty risk and leverage risk.
U.S. government securities.
The Fund may invest in U.S. government securities. U.S. government securities are obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government, its agencies or government-sponsored entities. U.S.
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government securities include obligations: directly issued by or supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, like Treasury bills, notes and bonds and GNMA certificates; supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, like those of the FHLBs; supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase the agency's securities like those of the FNMA; or supported only by the credit of the issuer itself, like the Tennessee Valley Authority. U.S. government securities include issues by non-governmental entities (like financial institutions) that carry direct guarantees from U.S. government agencies as part of government initiatives in response to the market crisis or otherwise. U.S. government securities include zero coupon securities that make payments of interest and principal only upon maturity and which therefore tend to be subject to greater volatility than interest-bearing securities with comparable maturities. Although the U.S. government guarantees principal and interest payments on securities issued by the U.S. government and some of its agencies, such as securities issued by GNMA, this guarantee does not apply to losses resulting from declines in the market value of these securities. Some of the U.S. government securities that the Fund may hold are not guaranteed or backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, such as those issued by FNMA and FHLMC.
Money market instruments.
Money market instruments include short-term U.S. government securities, U.S. dollar-denominated, high quality commercial paper (unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations to finance their short-term credit needs), certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances and repurchase agreements relating to any of the foregoing. U.S. government securities include Treasury notes, bonds and bills, which are direct obligations of the U.S. government backed by the full faith and credit of the United States and securities issued by agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. government, which may be guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury, may be supported by the issuer's right to borrow from the U.S. Treasury or may be backed only by the credit of the federal agency or instrumentality itself.
Common stocks.
The Fund may acquire an interest in common stocks upon the default of a loan or other security secured by such common stock. The Fund may also acquire warrants or other rights to purchase a borrower's common stock in connection with the making of a loan. Common stocks are shares of a corporation or other entity that entitle the holder to a pro rata share of the profits, if any, of the corporation without preference over any other stockholder or class of stockholders, including holders of such entity's preferred stock and other senior equity securities. Common stock usually carries with it the right to vote and frequently an exclusive right to do so. In selecting common stocks for investment, the Fund generally expects to
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focus primarily on the security's dividend paying capacity rather than on its potential for capital appreciation.
Other investment companies.
The Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies to the extent that such investments are consistent with the Fund's investment objectives and principal investment strategies and permissible under the 1940 Act. Subject to the limitations on investment in other investment companies, the Fund may invest in "ETFs."
Derivatives.
The Fund may, but is not required to, use futures and options on securities, indices and currencies, forward foreign currency exchange contracts, swaps, credit-linked notes and other derivatives. The Fund also may enter into credit default swaps, which can be used to acquire or to transfer the credit risk of a security or index of securities without buying or selling the security or securities comprising the relevant index. A derivative is a security or instrument whose value is determined by reference to the value or the change in value of one or more securities, currencies, indices or other financial instruments. The Fund may use derivatives for a variety of purposes, including:
In an attempt to hedge against adverse changes in the market prices of securities, interest rates or currency exchange rates
As a substitute for purchasing or selling securities
To attempt to increase the Fund's return as a non-hedging strategy that may be considered speculative
To manage portfolio characteristics (for example, the duration or credit quality of the Fund's portfolio)
As a cash flow management technique
The Fund may choose not to make use of derivatives for a variety of reasons, and any use may be limited by applicable law and regulations.
Repurchase Agreements.
In a repurchase agreement, the Fund purchases securities from a broker/dealer or a bank, called the counterparty, upon the agreement of the counterparty to repurchase the securities from the Fund at a later date, and at a specified price, which is typically higher than the purchase price paid by the Fund. The securities purchased serve as the Fund's collateral for the obligation of the counterparty to repurchase the securities. If the counterparty does not repurchase the securities, the Fund is entitled to sell the securities, but the Fund may not be able to sell them for the price at which they were purchased, thus causing a loss.
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Additionally, if the counterparty becomes insolvent, there is some risk that the Fund will not have a right to the securities, or the immediate right to sell the securities.
PRINCIPAL RISKS
General.
The Fund is a closed-end management investment company designed primarily as a long-term investment and not as a trading tool. The Fund is not a complete investment program and should be considered only as an addition to an investor's existing portfolio of investments. Because the Fund may invest substantially in high yield debt securities, an investment in the Fund's shares is speculative in that it involves a high degree of risk. Due to uncertainty inherent in all investments, there can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. Instruments in which the Fund invests may only have limited liquidity, or may be illiquid.
Market price of shares
. Common shares of closed-end funds frequently trade at a price lower than their net asset value. This is commonly referred to as "trading at a discount." This characteristic of shares of closed-end funds is a risk separate and distinct from the risk that the Fund's net asset value may decrease. Both long and short-term investors, including investors who sell their shares within a relatively short period after purchase, will be exposed to this risk. The Fund is designed primarily for long-term investors and should not be considered a vehicle for trading purposes.
Whether investors will realize a gain or loss upon the sale of the Fund's Common Shares will depend upon whether the market value of the shares at the time of sale is above or below the price the investor paid, taking into account transaction costs, for the shares and is not directly dependent upon the Fund's net asset value. Because the market value of the Fund's shares will be determined by factors such as the relative demand for and supply of the shares in the market, general market conditions and other factors beyond the control of the Fund, the Fund cannot predict whether its Common Shares will trade at, below or above net asset value, or below or above the offering price for the shares.
Market risk.
The market prices of securities or other assets held by the Fund may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably, due to general market conditions, such as real or perceived adverse economic, political, or regulatory conditions, political instability, recessions, inflation, changes in interest or currency rates, lack of liquidity in the bond markets, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues, weather or climate events, armed conflict, market disruptions caused by tariffs, trade disputes, sanctions or other government actions, or other factors or adverse
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investor sentiment. If the market prices of the Fund's securities and assets fall, the value of your investment will go down. A change in financial condition or other event affecting a single issuer or market may adversely impact securities markets as a whole.
Changes in market conditions may not have the same impact on all types of securities. The value of securities may also fall due to specific conditions that affect a particular sector of the securities market or a particular issuer. In the past decade, financial markets throughout the world have experienced increased volatility, depressed valuations, decreased liquidity and heightened uncertainty. Governmental and non-governmental issuers have defaulted on, or been forced to restructure, their debts. These conditions may continue, recur, worsen or spread. Events that have contributed to these market conditions include, but are not limited to, major cybersecurity events; geopolitical events (including wars, terror attacks and economic sanctions); measures to address budget deficits; downgrading of sovereign debt; changes in oil and commodity prices; dramatic changes in currency exchange rates; global pandemics; and public sentiment. Some sectors of the economy and individual issuers have experienced or may experience particularly large losses. Periods of extreme volatility in the financial markets; reduced liquidity of many instruments; increased government debt, inflation and disruptions to supply chains, consumer demand and employee availability, may continue for some time.
Raising the ceiling on U.S. government debt has become increasingly politicized. Any failure to increase the total amount that the U.S. government is authorized to borrow could lead to a default on U.S. government obligations, with unpredictable consequences for economies and markets in the U.S. and elsewhere. Inflation and interest rates have increased and may rise further. These circumstances could adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Fund's investments and negatively impact the Fund's performance. In addition, inflation, rising interest rates, global supply chain disruptions and other market events could adversely affect the companies or issuers in which the Fund invests. Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Russian securities lost all, or nearly all, their market value. Other securities or markets could be similarly affected by past or future political, geopolitical or other events or conditions.
Governments and central banks, including the U.S. Federal Reserve, have taken extraordinary and unprecedented actions to support local and global economies and the financial markets. These actions have resulted in significant expansion of public debt, including in the U.S. The consequences of high public debt, including its future impact on the economy and securities markets, may not be known for some time. U.S. Federal Reserve or other U.S. or non-U.S. governmental or central bank actions, including
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increases or decreases in interest rates, or contrary actions by different governments, could negatively affect financial markets generally, increase market volatility and reduce the value and liquidity of securities in which the Fund invests. Policy and legislative changes in the U.S. and in other countries are affecting many aspects of financial regulation, and these and other events affecting global markets, such as the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union (or Brexit), potential trade imbalances with China or other countries, or sanctions or other government actions against Russia, other nations or individuals or companies (or their countermeasures), may contribute to decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the financial markets. The impact of these changes on the markets, and the implications for market participants, may not be fully known for some time.
The U.S. and other countries are periodically involved in disputes over trade and other matters, which may result in tariffs, investment restrictions and adverse impacts on affected companies and securities. For example, the U.S. has imposed tariffs and other trade barriers on Chinese exports, has restricted sales of certain categories of goods to China, and has established barriers to investments in China. Trade disputes may adversely affect the economies of the U.S. and its trading partners, as well as companies directly or indirectly affected and financial markets generally. The U.S. government has prohibited U.S. persons, such as the Fund, from investing in Chinese companies designated as related to the Chinese military. These and possible future restrictions could limit the Fund's opportunities for investment and require the sale of securities at a loss or make them illiquid. The Chinese government is involved in a longstanding dispute with Taiwan that has included threats of invasion. If the political climate between the U.S. and China does not improve or continues to deteriorate, if China were to attempt unification of Taiwan by force, or if other geopolitical conflicts develop or get worse, economies, markets and individual securities may be severely affected both regionally and globally, and the value of the Fund's assets may go down.
Economies and financial markets throughout the world are increasingly interconnected. Economic, financial or political events, trading and tariff arrangements, armed conflict such as between Russia and Ukraine or in the Middle East, terrorism, natural disasters, infectious illness or public health issues, cybersecurity events, supply chain disruptions, sanctions against Russia, other nations or individuals or companies and possible countermeasures, and other circumstances in one country or region could have profound impacts on other countries or regions and on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries or regions directly affected, the value and liquidity of the Fund's
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investments may be negatively affected. The Fund may experience a substantial or complete loss on any security or derivative position.
High yield or "junk" bond risk
. Debt securities that are below investment grade, called "junk bonds," are speculative, have a higher risk of default or are already in default, tend to be less liquid and are more difficult to value than higher grade securities. Junk bonds tend to be volatile and more susceptible to adverse events and negative sentiments. These risks are more pronounced for securities that are already in default.
Interest rate risk.
The market prices of the Fund's fixed income securities may fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. The value of your investment will generally go down when interest rates rise. A rise in rates tends to have a greater impact on the prices of longer term or duration securities. For example, if interest rates increase by 1%, the value of a Fund's portfolio with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to decrease by 10%, all other things being equal. In recent years interest rates and credit spreads in the U.S. have been at historic lows. The U.S. Federal Reserve has raised certain interest rates, and interest rates may continue to go up. A general rise in interest rates could adversely affect the price and liquidity of fixed income securities. The maturity of a security may be significantly longer than its effective duration. A security's maturity and other features may be more relevant than its effective duration in determining the security's sensitivity to other factors affecting the issuer or markets generally, such as changes in credit quality or in the yield premium that the market may establish for certain types of securities (sometimes called "credit spread"). In general, the longer its maturity the more a security may be susceptible to these factors. When the credit spread for a fixed income security goes up, or "widens," the value of the security will generally go down.
Rising interest rates can lead to increased default rates, as issuers of floating rate securities find themselves faced with higher payments. Unlike fixed rate securities, floating rate securities generally will not increase in value if interest rates decline. Changes in interest rates also will affect the amount of interest income the Fund earns on its floating rate investments.
Credit risk.
If an issuer or guarantor of a security held by the Fund or a counterparty to a financial contract with the Fund defaults on its obligation to pay principal and/or interest, has its credit rating downgraded or is perceived to be less creditworthy, or the credit quality or value of any underlying assets declines, the value of your investment will typically decline. Changes in actual or perceived creditworthiness may occur quickly. The Fund could be delayed or hindered in its enforcement of rights against an issuer, guarantor or counterparty.
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Prepayment or call risk.
Many issuers have a right to prepay their securities. If interest rates fall, an issuer may exercise this right. If this happens, the Fund will not benefit from the rise in market price that normally accompanies a decline in interest rates, and will be forced to reinvest prepayment proceeds at a time when yields on securities available in the market are lower than the yield on the prepaid security. The Fund also may lose any premium it paid on the security.
Extension risk.
During periods of rising interest rates, the average life of certain types of securities may be extended because of slower than expected principal payments. This may lock in a below market interest rate, increase the security's duration and reduce the value of the security.
Risk of illiquid investments.
Certain securities and derivatives held by the Fund may be impossible or difficult to purchase, sell or unwind. Illiquid securities and derivatives also may be difficult to value. Liquidity risk may be magnified in an environment of rising interest rates or widening credit spreads. During times of market turmoil, there have been, and may be, no buyers or sellers for securities in entire asset classes. If the Fund is forced to sell an illiquid asset or unwind a derivatives position, the Fund may suffer a substantial loss or may not be able to sell at all.
Portfolio selection risk.
The Adviser's judgment about the quality, relative yield, relative value or market trends affecting a particular sector or region, market segment, security, industry or about interest rates or other market factors may prove to be incorrect or may not produce the desired results, or there may be imperfections, errors or limitations in the models, tools and information used by the Adviser.
Reinvestment risk.
Income from the Fund's portfolio will decline if the Fund invests the proceeds, repayment or sale of loans or other obligations into lower yielding instruments with a lower spread over the base lending rate. A decline in income could affect the common shares' distribution rate and their overall return.
Risks of investing in floating rate loans.
Floating rate loans and similar investments may be illiquid or less liquid than other investments and difficult to value. Market quotations for these securities may be volatile and/or subject to large spreads between bid and ask prices. No active trading market may exist for many floating rate loans, and many loans are subject to restrictions on resale. Any secondary market may be subject to irregular trading activity and extended trade settlement periods. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a loan may lose significant value before a default occurs.
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When the Fund invests in a loan participation, the Fund does not have a direct claim against the borrower and must rely upon an intermediate participant to enforce any rights against the borrower. As a result, the Fund is subject to the risk that an intermediate participant between the Fund and the borrower will fail to meet its obligations to the Fund, in addition to the risk that the issuer of the loan will default on its obligations. Also the Fund may be regarded as the creditor of the agent lender (rather than the borrower), subjecting the Fund to the creditworthiness of the lender as well as the borrower.
There is less readily available, reliable information about most senior loans than is the case for many other types of securities. Although the features of senior loans, including being secured by collateral and having priority over other obligations of the issuer, reduce some of the risks of investment in below investment grade securities, the loans are subject to significant risks. The Adviser believes, based on its experience, that senior floating rate loans generally have more favorable loss recovery rates than most other types of below investment grade obligations. However, there can be no assurance that the Fund's actual loss recovery experience will be consistent with the Adviser's prior experience or that the senior loans in which the Fund invests will achieve any specific loss recovery rate.
The types of covenants included in loan agreements generally vary depending on market conditions, the creditworthiness of the issuer, the nature of the collateral securing the loan, and other factors. Loans may have restrictive covenants that limit the ability of a borrower to further encumber its assets. If a borrower fails to comply with the covenants included in a loan agreement, the borrower may default in payment of the loan.
Some of the loans in which the Fund may invest may be "covenant lite." Covenant lite loans contain fewer maintenance covenants, or no maintenance covenants at all, than traditional loans and may not include terms that allow the lender to monitor the financial performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. This may expose the Fund to greater credit risk associated with the borrower and reduce the Fund's ability to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. As a result the Fund's exposure to losses on such investments may be increased, especially during a downturn in the credit cycle.
Second lien loans generally are subject to similar risks as those associated with senior loans. Because second lien loans are subordinated or unsecured and thus lower in priority on payment to senior loans, they are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the borrower and property securing
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the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations of the borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Second lien loans generally have greater price volatility than senior loans and may be less liquid.
Certain floating rate loans and other corporate debt securities involve refinancings, recapitalizations, mergers and acquisitions, and other financings for general corporate purposes. Other loans are incurred in restructuring or "work-out" scenarios, including debtor-in-possession facilities in bankruptcy. Loans in restructuring or similar scenarios may be especially vulnerable to the inherent uncertainties in restructuring processes. In addition, the highly leveraged capital structure of the borrowers in any of these transactions, whether acquisition financing or restructuring, may make the loans especially vulnerable to adverse economic or market conditions and the risk of default.
Loans to entities located outside of the U.S. may have substantially different lender protections and covenants as compared to loans to U.S. entities and may involve greater risks. The Fund may have difficulties and incur expense enforcing its rights with respect to non-U.S. loans and such loans could be subject to bankruptcy laws that are materially different than in the U.S.
Because affiliates of the Adviser may participate in the primary and secondary market for senior loans, limitations under applicable law may restrict the Fund's ability to participate in a restructuring of a senior loan or to acquire some senior loans, or affect the timing or price of such acquisition. Loans may not be considered "securities," and purchasers, such as the Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections afforded by federal securities laws.
Collateral risk.
The value of collateral, if any, securing a floating rate loan can decline, and may be insufficient to meet the issuer's obligations or may be difficult to liquidate. In addition, the Fund's access to collateral may be limited by bankruptcy or other insolvency laws. These laws may be less developed and more cumbersome with respect to the Fund's non-U.S. floating rate investments. Floating rate loans may not be fully collateralized or may be uncollateralized. Uncollateralized loans involve a greater risk of loss. In the event of a default, the Fund may have difficulty collecting on any collateral and would not have the ability to collect on any collateral for an uncollateralized loan. In addition, the lender's security interest or their enforcement of their security interest under the loan agreement may be found by a court to be invalid or the collateral may be
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used to pay other outstanding obligations of the borrower. Further, the Fund's access to collateral, if any, may be limited by bankruptcy law. To the extent that a loan is collateralized by stock of the borrower or its affiliates, this stock may lose all or substantially all of its value in the event of bankruptcy of the borrower. Loans that are obligations of a holding company are subject to the risk that, in a bankruptcy of a subsidiary operating company, creditors of the subsidiary may recover from the subsidiary's assets before the lenders to the holding company would receive any amount on account of the holding company's interest in the subsidiary.
Risk of disadvantaged access to confidential information.
The issuer of a floating rate loan may offer to provide material, non-public information about the issuer to investors, such as the Fund. Normally, the Adviser will seek to avoid receiving this type of information about the issuer of a loan either held by, or considered for investment by, the Fund. the Adviser's decision not to receive the information may place it at a disadvantage, relative to other loan investors, in assessing a loan or the loan's issuer. For example, in instances where holders of floating rate loans are asked to grant amendments, waivers or consents, the Adviser's inability to assess the impact of these actions may adversely affect the value of the portfolio. For this and other reasons, it is possible that the Adviser's decision not to receive material, non-public information under normal circumstances could adversely affect the Fund's investment performance.
Risks of subordinated securities
. A holder of securities that are subordinated or "junior" to more senior securities of an issuer is entitled to payment after holders of more senior securities of the issuer. Subordinated securities are more likely to suffer a credit loss than non-subordinated securities of the same issuer, any loss incurred by the subordinated securities is likely to be proportionately greater, and any recovery of interest or principal may take more time. If there is a default, bankruptcy or liquidation of the issuer, most subordinated securities are paid only if sufficient assets remain after payment of the issuer's non-subordinated securities. As a result, even a perceived decline in creditworthiness of the issuer is likely to have a greater impact on subordinated securities than more senior securities.
Issuer risk.
The value of corporate income-producing securities may decline for a number of reasons which directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer's goods and services.
U.S. Treasury obligations risk.
The market value of direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury may vary due to changes in interest rates. In addition,
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changes to the financial condition or credit rating of the U.S. government may cause the value of the Fund's investments in obligations issued by the U.S. Treasury to decline.
U.S. government agency obligations risk.
The Fund invests in obligations issued by agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. government. Government-sponsored entities such as the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC) and the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs), although chartered or sponsored by Congress, are not funded by congressional appropriations and the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by them are neither guaranteed nor issued by the U.S. government. The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. government obligations may greatly exceed their current resources, including any legal right to support from the U.S. government. Such debt and mortgage-backed securities are subject to the risk of default on the payment of interest and/or principal, similar to debt of private issuers. Although the U.S. government has provided financial support to FNMA and FHLMC in the past, there can be no assurance that it will support these or other government-sponsored entities in the future.
Mortgage-related and asset-backed securities risk.
The value of mortgage-related securities, including commercial mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage-backed securities, credit risk transfer securities, and asset-backed securities, will be influenced by factors affecting the assets underlying such securities. As a result, during periods of declining asset value, difficult or frozen credit markets, swings in interest rates, or deteriorating economic conditions, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities may decline in value, face valuation difficulties, become more volatile and/or become illiquid. Mortgage-backed securities tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rate than other types of debt securities. These securities are also subject to interest rate, prepayment and extension risks. Some of these securities may receive little or no collateral protection from the underlying assets and are thus subject to the risk of default. The risk of such defaults is generally higher in the case of mortgage-backed investments offered by non-governmental issuers and those that include so-called "sub-prime" mortgages. The structure of some of these securities may be complex and there may be less available information than for other types of debt securities. Upon the occurrence of certain triggering events or defaults, the Fund may become the holder of underlying assets at a time when those assets may be difficult to sell or may be sold only at a loss.
Risks of investing in collateralized debt obligations.
Investment in a collateralized debt obligation (CDO) is subject to the credit, subordination,
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interest rate, valuation, prepayment, extension and other risks of the obligations underlying the CDO and the tranche of the CDO in which the Fund invests. CDOs are subject to liquidity risk. Synthetic CDOs are also subject to the risks of investing in derivatives, such as credit default swaps, and leverage risk.
Risks of instruments that allow for balloon payments or negative amortization payments.
Certain debt instruments allow for balloon payments or negative amortization payments. Such instruments permit the borrower to avoid paying currently a portion of the interest accruing on the instrument. While these features make the debt instrument more affordable to the borrower in the near term, they increase the risk that the borrower will be unable to make the resulting higher payment or payments that become due at the maturity of the loan.
Risks of investing in insurance-linked securities.
The Fund could lose a portion or all of the principal it has invested in an insurance-linked security, and the right to additional interest and/or dividend payments with respect to the security, upon the occurrence of one or more trigger events, as defined within the terms of an insurance-linked security. Trigger events may include natural or other perils of a specific size or magnitude that occur in a designated geographic region during a specified time period, and/or that involve losses or other metrics that exceed a specific amount. Natural perils include disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes, windstorms, fires, floods and other weather-related occurrences, as well as mortality or longevity events. Non-natural perils include disasters resulting from human-related activity such as commercial and industrial accidents or business interruptions. Major natural disasters (such as in the cases of Super Typhoon Goni in the Philippines in 2020, monsoon flooding in China in 2020, Hurricane Irma in Florida and the Caribbean in 2017, Super Storm Sandy in 2012, and Hurricane Ian in Florida in 2022) or commercial and industrial accidents (such as aviation disasters and oil spills) can result in significant losses, and investors in ILS with exposure to such natural or other disasters may also experience substantial losses. If the likelihood and severity of natural and other large disasters increase, the risk of significant losses to reinsurers may increase. Typically, one significant triggering event (even in a major metropolitan area) will not result in financial failure to a reinsurer. However, a series of major triggering events could cause the failure of a reinsurer. Similarly, to the extent the Fund invests in ILS for which a triggering event occurs, losses associated with such event will result in losses to the Fund and a series of major triggering events affecting a large portion of the ILS held by the Fund will result in substantial losses to the Fund. The Fund may also invest in insurance-linked securities that are subject to "indemnity triggers." An indemnity trigger is a trigger based
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on the actual losses of the ceding sponsor (i.e., the party seeking reinsurance). Insurance-linked securities subject to indemnity triggers are often regarded as being subject to potential moral hazard, since such insurance-linked securities are triggered by actual losses of the ceding sponsor and the ceding sponsor may have an incentive to take actions and/or risks that would have an adverse effect on the Fund. For example, a ceding sponsor might inflate its total claims paid above the ILS trigger level in order to share its losses with investors in the ILS. Thus, bonds with indemnity triggers may be subject to moral hazard, because the trigger depends on the ceding sponsor to properly identify and calculate losses that do and do not apply in determining whether the trigger amount has been reached. In short, "moral hazard" refers to this potential for the sponsor to influence bond performance, as payouts are based on the individual policy claims against the sponsor and the way the sponsor settles those claims. There is no way to accurately predict whether a trigger event will occur and, accordingly, event-linked bonds and other insurance-linked securities carry significant risk. In addition to the specified trigger events, insurance-linked securities may expose the Fund to other risks, including but not limited to issuer (credit) default, adverse regulatory or jurisdictional interpretations and adverse tax consequences. Insurance-linked securities are also subject to the risk that the model used to calculate the probability of a trigger event was not accurate and underestimated the likelihood of a trigger event. Insurance-linked securities may provide for extensions of maturity in order to process and audit loss claims in those cases when a trigger event has, or possibly has, occurred. Certain insurance-linked securities may have limited liquidity, or may be illiquid. Upon the occurrence or possible occurrence of a trigger event, and until the completion of the processing and auditing of applicable loss claims, the Fund's investment in an insurance-linked security may be priced using fair value methods. Lack of a liquid market may impose the risk of higher transaction costs and the possibility that the Fund may be forced to liquidate positions when it would not be advantageous to do so. Certain insurance-linked securities represent interests in baskets of underlying reinsurance contracts. The Fund has limited transparency into the individual contracts underlying certain insurance-linked securities, and therefore must rely on the risk assessment and sound underwriting practices of the insurer and/or reinsurer. Certain insurance-linked securities may be difficult to value.
Risks of investing in structured reinsurance investments.
The Fund may invest in insurance-linked securities that are special purpose vehicles ("SPVs") or similar instruments structured to comprise a portion of a reinsurer's catastrophe-oriented business, known as quota share instruments (sometimes referred to as reinsurance sidecars), or to provide
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reinsurance relating to specific risks to insurance or reinsurance companies through a collateralized instrument, known as collateralized reinsurance. Quota shares instruments and other structured reinsurance investments generally will be considered illiquid securities by the Fund. Structured reinsurance investments are typically more customizable but less liquid investments than event-linked bonds. Like event-linked bonds, an investor in structured reinsurance investments participates in the premiums and losses associated with underlying reinsurance contracts. Structured reinsurance investments are subject to the same risks as event-linked bonds and other insurance-linked securities. In addition, because quota share instruments represent an interest in a basket of underlying reinsurance contracts, the Fund has limited transparency into the individual underlying contracts and therefore must rely upon the risk assessment and sound underwriting practices of the insurer and/or reinsurer. Structured reinsurance investments may be difficult to value.
ILS market and reinvestment risk.
The size of the ILS market may change over time, which may limit the availability of ILS for investment by the Fund. The original issuance of ILS in general, including ILS with desired instrument or risk characteristics, may fluctuate depending on the capital and capacity needs of reinsurers as well as the demand for ILS by institutional investors. The availability of ILS in the secondary market also may be limited by supply and demand dynamics and prevailing economic conditions. To the extent ILS held by the Fund mature, or the Fund must sell securities in connection with share repurchases, the Fund may be required to hold more cash or short-term instruments than it normally would until attractive ILS becomes available. Holding excess cash and/or reinvestment in securities that are lower yielding or less desirable than securities sold may negatively affect performance.
Risks of zero coupon bonds, payment in kind, deferred and contingent payment securities.
These securities may be more speculative and may fluctuate more in value than securities which pay income periodically and in cash. In addition, although the Fund receives no periodic cash payments on such securities, the Fund is deemed for tax purposes to receive income from such securities, which applicable tax rules require the Fund to distribute to stockholders. Such distributions may be taxable when distributed to stockholders
Risks of non-U.S. investments
. Investing in non-U.S. issuers, or in U.S. issuers that have significant exposure to foreign markets, may involve unique risks compared to investing in securities of U.S. issuers. These risks are more pronounced for issuers in emerging markets or to the extent that the Fund invests significantly in one region or country. These risks may include different financial reporting practices and regulatory standards, less
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liquid trading markets, extreme price volatility, currency risks, changes in economic, political, regulatory and social conditions, military conflicts and sanctions, terrorism, sustained economic downturns, financial instability, reduction of government or central bank support, inadequate accounting standards, auditing and financial recordkeeping requirements, tariffs, tax disputes or other tax burdens, nationalization or expropriation of assets, arbitrary application of laws and regulations or lack of rule of law, and investment and repatriation restrictions. Investors in foreign countries often have limited rights and few practical remedies to pursue shareholder claims. Lack of information and less market regulation also may affect the value of these securities. Withholding and other non-U.S. taxes may decrease the Fund's return. Non-U.S. issuers may be located in parts of the world that have historically been prone to natural disasters. Emerging market economies tend to be less diversified than those of more developed countries. They typically have fewer medical and economic resources than more developed countries and thus they may be less able to control or mitigate the effects of a pandemic. Investing in depositary receipts is subject to many of the same risks as investing directly in non-U.S. issuers. Depositary receipts may involve higher expenses and may trade at a discount (or premium) to the underlying security.
A number of countries in the European Union (EU) have experienced, and may continue to experience, severe economic and financial difficulties. In addition, the United Kingdom has withdrawn from the EU (commonly known as "Brexit"). Other countries may seek to withdraw from the EU and/or abandon the euro, the common currency of the EU. The range and potential implications of possible political, regulatory, economic, and market outcomes of Brexit cannot be fully known but could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility, illiquidity and potentially lower economic growth in the affected markets, which will adversely affect the Fund's investments.
If one or more stockholders of a supranational entity such as the World Bank fail to make necessary additional capital contributions, the entity may be unable to pay interest or repay principal on its debt securities.
Sanctions or other government actions against certain countries could negatively impact the Fund's investments in securities that have exposure to that country. Circumstances that impact one country could have profound impacts on other countries and on global economies or markets. China and other developing market countries may be subject to considerable degrees of economic, political and social instability. In addition, the U.S. government has imposed restrictions on U.S. investor participation in certain Chinese investments. These matters could adversely affect China's economy. In addition, China's long-running conflict over
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Taiwan's sovereignty, border disputes with many neighbors and historically strained relations with other Asian countries could result in military conflict that could adversely impact the economies of China and other Asian countries, disrupt supply chains, and severely affect global economies and markets.
Russia launched a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. In response to the military action by Russia, various countries, including the U.S., the United Kingdom, and European Union, issued broad-ranging economic sanctions against Russia and Belarus and certain companies and individuals. Russia has taken retaliatory actions, including preventing repatriation of capital by U.S. and other investors. Since then, Russian securities lost all, or nearly all, their market value, and many other issuers, securities and markets have been adversely affected. The ongoing conflict has resulted in significant market disruptions, including in certain markets, industries and sectors, such as the oil and natural gas markets, and negatively affected global supply chains, food supplies, inflation and global growth. The U.S. and other countries may impose sanctions on other countries, companies and individuals in light of Russia's military invasion. The extent and duration of the military action or future escalation of such hostilities, the extent and impact of existing and future sanctions, market disruptions and volatility, and the result of any diplomatic negotiations cannot be predicted. These and any related events could have a significant impact on the value and liquidity of certain Fund investments, on Fund performance and the value of an investment in the Fund.
Currency risk.
The Fund could experience losses based on changes in the exchange rate between non-U.S. currencies and the U.S. dollar or as a result of currency conversion costs. Currency exchange rates can be volatile, and are affected by factors such as general economic conditions, the actions of the U.S. and foreign governments or central banks, the imposition of currency controls and speculation.
Risks of convertible securities.
The market values of convertible securities tend to decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, to increase as interest rates decline. A downturn in equity markets may cause the price of convertible securities to decrease relative to other fixed income securities.
Preferred stocks risk.
Preferred stocks may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred stocks are subject to issuer-specific and market risks applicable generally to equity securities. In addition, a company's preferred stocks generally pay dividends only after the company makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. Thus, the value of preferred stocks will usually react more strongly than bonds and other debt to actual or perceived changes in the company's financial condition or
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prospects. The market value of preferred stocks generally decreases when interest rates rise. Also, the market prices of preferred stocks are more sensitive to changes in the issuer's creditworthiness than are the prices of debt securities. Generally, under normal circumstances, preferred stocks do not carry voting rights. Preferred stocks may trade less frequently and in a more limited volume and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than other securities. Preferred stocks of smaller companies may be more vulnerable to adverse developments than preferred stocks of larger companies.
Risks of investment in other funds.
Investing in other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and closed-end funds, subjects the Fund to the risks of investing in the underlying securities or assets held by those funds. When investing in another fund, the Fund will bear a pro rata portion of the underlying fund's expenses, including management fees, in addition to its own expenses. ETFs and closed-end funds are bought and sold based on market prices and can trade at a premium or a discount to the ETF's or closed-end fund's net asset value. Such funds may trade at a discount for an extended period and may not ever realize their net asset value.
Derivatives risk.
Using swaps, forward foreign currency exchange contracts, bond and interest rate futures and other derivatives can increase Fund losses and reduce opportunities for gains when market prices, interest rates or the derivative instruments themselves behave in a way not anticipated by the Fund. Using derivatives may increase the volatility of the Fund's net asset value and may not provide the result intended. Derivatives may have a leveraging effect on the Fund. Some derivatives have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the Fund's initial investment. Derivatives are generally subject to the risks applicable to the assets, rates, indices or other indicators underlying the derivative. Changes in a derivative's value may not correlate well with the referenced asset or metric. The Fund also may have to sell assets at inopportune times to satisfy its obligations. Derivatives may be difficult to sell, unwind or value, and the counterparty may default on its obligations to the Fund. Use of derivatives may have different tax consequences for the Fund than an investment in the underlying security, and such differences may affect the amount, timing and character of income distributed to stockholders. The U.S. government and foreign governments have adopted and implemented or are in the process of adopting and implementing regulations governing derivatives markets, including mandatory clearing of certain derivatives, margin and reporting requirements. The ultimate impact of the regulations remains unclear. Additional regulation of derivatives may make them more
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costly, limit their availability or utility, otherwise adversely affect their performance or disrupt markets.
Credit default swap risk
. Credit default swap contracts, a type of derivative instrument, involve special risks and may result in losses to the Fund. Credit default swaps may in some cases be illiquid, and they increase credit risk since the Fund has exposure to the issuer of the referenced obligation and either the counterparty to the credit default swap or, if it is a cleared transaction, the brokerage firm through which the trade was cleared and the clearing organization that is the counterparty to that trade.
Structured securities risk.
Structured securities may behave in ways not anticipated by the Fund, or they may not receive the tax, accounting or regulatory treatment anticipated by the Fund.
Forward foreign currency transactions risk.
The Fund may not fully benefit from or may lose money on forward foreign currency transactions if changes in currency rates do not occur as anticipated or do not correspond accurately to changes in the value of the Fund's holdings, or if the counterparty defaults. Such transactions may also prevent the Fund from realizing profits on favorable movements in exchange rates. Risk of counterparty default is greater for counterparties located in emerging markets.
Leveraging risk.
The value of your investment may be more volatile and other risks tend to be compounded if the Fund borrows or uses derivatives or other investments, such as ETFs, that have embedded leverage. Leverage generally magnifies the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund's underlying assets and creates a risk of loss of value on a larger pool of assets than the Fund would otherwise have, potentially resulting in the loss of all assets. Engaging in such transactions may cause the Fund to liquidate positions when it may not be advantageous to do so. New derivatives regulations require the Fund, to the extent it uses derivatives to a material extent, to, among other things, comply with certain overall limits on leverage. These regulations may limit the ability of the Fund to pursue its investment strategies and may not be effective to mitigate the Fund's risk of loss from derivatives.
The Fund may use financial leverage on an ongoing basis for investment purposes by borrowing from banks through a revolving credit facility. The fees and expenses attributed to leverage, including any increase in the management fees, will be borne by holders of common shares. Since the Adviser's fee is based on a percentage of the Fund's managed assets, its fee will be higher if the Fund is leveraged, and the Adviser will thus have an incentive to leverage the Fund.
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Repurchase agreement risk.
In the event that the other party to a repurchase agreement defaults on its obligations, the Fund may encounter delay and incur costs before being able to sell the security. Such a delay may involve loss of interest or a decline in price of the security. In addition, if the Fund is characterized by a court as an unsecured creditor, it would be at risk of losing some or all of the principal and interest involved in the transaction.
Market segment risk.
To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a market segment, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that segment, and may experience greater market fluctuation than a fund without the same focus.
Industries in the financials segment, such as banks, insurance companies and broker-dealers, may be sensitive to changes in interest rates, credit rating downgrades, decreased liquidity in credit markets, and general economic activity and are generally subject to extensive government regulation.
Valuation risk.
Nearly all of the Fund's investments are valued using a fair value methodology. The sales price the Fund could receive for any particular portfolio investment may differ from the Fund's valuation of the investment, particularly for illiquid securities and securities that trade in thin or volatile markets. These differences may increase significantly and affect Fund investments more broadly during periods of market volatility. The ability to value the Fund's investments may also be impacted by technological issues and/or errors by pricing services or other third party service providers.
Cybersecurity risk.
Cybersecurity failures by and breaches of the Fund's Adviser, transfer agent, custodian, Fund accounting agent or other service providers may disrupt Fund operations, interfere with the Fund's ability to calculate its NAV, prevent Fund stockholders from purchasing or selling shares or receiving distributions or receiving timely information regarding the Fund or their investment in the Fund, cause loss of or unauthorized access to private stockholder information, and result in financial losses to the Fund and its stockholders, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, or additional compliance costs. New ways to carry out cyber attacks continue to develop. Therefore, there is a chance that some risks have not been identified or prepared for, or that an attack may not be detected, which puts limitations on the Fund's ability to plan for or respond to a cyber attack.
Cash management risk.
The value of the investments held by the Fund for cash management or temporary defensive purposes may be affected by market risks, changing interest rates and by changes in credit ratings of the
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investments. To the extent that the Fund has any uninvested cash, the Fund would be subject to credit risk with respect to the depository institution holding the cash. If the Fund holds cash uninvested, the Fund will not earn income on the cash and the Fund's yield will go down. During such periods, it may be more difficult for the Fund to achieve its investment objective.
Anti-takeover provisions.
The Fund's Charter and Bylaws include provisions that are designed to limit the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund for short-term objectives, including by converting the Fund to open-end status or changing the composition of the Board, that may be detrimental to the Fund's ability to achieve its primary investment objective of seeking to provide its common stockholders with a high level of current income. These provisions include staggered terms of service for the Directors, advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals, and super-majority voting requirements for certain transactions with affiliates, open-ending the Fund or a merger, liquidation, asset sale or similar transaction.
Exclusive forum provisions. The Fund's Bylaws designate the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by the Fund's stockholders and provide that claims relating to causes of action under the United States federal securities laws may only be brought in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, Northern Division, which could limit stockholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with the Fund or its directors, officers or the Fund's agents, if any, and could discourage lawsuits against the Fund and its directors, officers and agents, if any.
The Fund's Bylaws provide that, unless the Fund consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland, or, if that court does not have jurisdiction, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, Northern Division, will be the sole and exclusive forum for (a) any Internal Corporate Claim, as such term is defined in the MGCL, (b) any derivative action or proceeding brought on the Fund's behalf (other than actions arising under federal securities laws), (c) any action asserting a claim of breach of any duty owed by any of the Fund's directors, officers or other agents to the Fund or to the Fund's stockholders, (d) any action asserting a claim against the Fund or any of the Fund's directors, officers or other agents arising pursuant to any provision of the MGCL or the Fund's Charter or Bylaws or (e) any other action asserting a claim against the Fund or any of the Fund's directors, officers or other agents that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Furthermore, the Fund's Bylaws provide that, unless the Fund consents in
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writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, Northern Division shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for the resolution of any claim arising under the United States federal securities laws.
These exclusive forum provisions may limit the ability of the Fund's stockholders to bring a claim in a judicial forum that such stockholders find favorable for disputes with the Fund or the Fund's directors, officers, or agents, if any, which may discourage such lawsuits against the Fund and the Fund's directors, officers, and agents, if any. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provisions contained in the Fund's Bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, the Fund may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could materially adversely affect the Fund's business, financial condition, and operating results.
Please note that there are many other factors that could adversely affect your investment and that could prevent the Fund from achieving its goals.
An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The following are the Fund's fundamental investment restrictions. These restrictions, along with the Fund's investment objectives, may not be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund's outstanding voting securities (which for this purpose and under the 1940 Act means the lesser of (i) 67% of the common shares represented at a meeting at which more than 50% of the outstanding common shares are represented or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding common shares).
The Fund may not:
(1) Issue senior securities, other than as permitted by the 1940 Act.
(2) Borrow money, other than as permitted by the 1940 Act.
(3) Invest in real estate, except the Fund may invest in securities of issuers that invest in real estate or interests therein, securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein, securities of real estate investment trusts, mortgage-backed securities and other securities that represent a similar indirect interest in real estate, and the Fund may acquire real estate or interests therein through exercising rights or remedies with regard to an instrument.
(4) Make loans, except that the Fund may (i) make loans or lend
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portfolio securities in accordance with the Fund's investment policies, (ii) enter into repurchase agreements, (iii) purchase all or a portion of an issue of publicly distributed debt securities, bank loan participation interests, bank certificates of deposit, acceptances, debentures or other securities, whether or not the purchase is made upon the original issuance of the securities, (iv) participate in a credit facility whereby the Fund may directly lend to and borrow money from other affiliated funds to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act or an exemption therefrom and (v) make loans in any other manner consistent with applicable law, as amended and interpreted or modified from time to time by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction.
(5) Invest in commodities or commodity contracts, except that the Fund may invest in currency instruments and contracts and financial instruments and contracts that might be deemed to be commodities and commodity contracts.
(6) Act as an underwriter, except insofar as the Fund technically may be deemed to be an underwriter in connection with the purchase or sale of its portfolio securities.
(7) Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in any one industry, provided that this limitation does not apply to the purchase of obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S government, its agencies or instrumentalities.
(8) Amend its policy to invest at least 80% of its assets in Senior Loans.
All other investment policies of the Fund are considered non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board of Directors without prior approval of the Fund's outstanding voting shares.
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Effects of Leverage
The following table is furnished in response to requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission. It is designed to illustrate the effects of leverage on common share total return, assuming investment portfolio total returns (consisting of income and changes in the value of investments held in the Fund's portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%. The table below reflects the Fund's continued use of leverage through borrowings under a credit agreement as of April 30, 2025 as a percentage of the Fund's total assets (which includes the assets attributable to such leverage), the annual rate of interest on the borrowings as of April 30, 2025, and the annual return that the Fund's portfolio must experience (net of expenses) in order to cover such costs. The information below does not reflect the Fund's use of certain other forms of economic leverage achieved through the use of other instruments or transactions not considered to be senior securities under the 1940 Act, if any.
The assumed investment portfolio returns in the table below are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns experienced or expected to be experienced by the Fund. Your actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing below. In addition, actual expenses associated with borrowings by the Fund may vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate used for the example below.
Borrowings under credit agreement as a percentage of total managed assets (including assets attributable to borrowings) 28.38%
Annual effective interest rate payable by Fund on borrowings 5.47%
Annual return Fund portfolio must experience (net of expenses) to cover interest rate on borrowings 1.55%
Common share total return for (10.00)% assumed portfolio total return (16.13)%
Common share total return for (5.00)% assumed portfolio total return (9.15)%
Common share total return for 0.00% assumed portfolio total return (2.17)%
Common share total return for 5.00% assumed portfolio total return 4.81%
Common share total return for 10.00% assumed portfolio total return 11.80%
Common share total return is composed of two elements - investment income net of the Fund's expenses, including any interest/dividends on assets resulting from leverage, and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns. As required by Securities and Exchange Commission rules, the table assumes that the Fund is more likely to suffer capital losses than to enjoy capital appreciation. For example, to assume a total return of 0%, the Fund must assume that the income it receives on its investments is entirely offset by losses in the value of those investments.
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This table reflects hypothetical performance of the Fund's portfolio and not the performance of the Fund's common shares, the value of which will be determined by market forces and other factors.
Should the Fund elect to add additional leverage to its portfolio, the potential benefits of leveraging the Fund's shares cannot be fully achieved until the proceeds resulting from the use of leverage have been received by the Fund and invested in accordance with the Fund's investment objective and principal investment strategies. The Fund's willingness to use additional leverage, and the extent to which leverage is used at any time, will depend on many factors, including, among other things, the Adviser assessment of the yield curve environment, interest rate trends, market conditions and other factors.
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Approval of Renewal of Investment Management Agreement with Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. and Approval of Interim Investment Advisory Agreement with Victory Capital Management Inc.
Effective April 1, 2025, Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. ("Amundi US"), the Fund's previous Adviser, has been contributed to Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. ("Victory Capital Holdings"), the parent company of Victory Capital Management Inc. ("Victory Capital") (the "Transaction"). As a result of the Transaction, the Fund's investment advisory agreement with Amundi US (the "Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement") terminated automatically on April 1, 2025.
In connection with the Transaction, the Fund's Board of Directors (the "Board" or the "Directors") approved a new investment advisory agreement with Victory Capital (the "New Investment Advisory Agreement") at a Board meeting held on December 16, 2024, subject to approval by the Fund's stockholders. As of May 1, 2025, the Fund's stockholders had not approved the New Investment Advisory Agreement.
At the December 16, 2024 Board meeting, the Board also approved an interim investment advisory agreement with Victory Capital (the "Interim Investment Advisory Agreement") to take effect upon the closing of the Transaction in the event that additional time was needed to solicit stockholder approval of the New Investment Advisory Agreement.
The Board's considerations in approving the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement are discussed below.
Board Evaluation of the New Investment Advisory Agreement and Interim Investment Advisory Agreement
The Board evaluated the Transaction and the New Investment Advisory Agreement and Interim Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund.
At in-person meetings held on May 14-15, 2024, July 22-23, 2024, September 16-17, 2024, November 12-13, 2024, and December 16, 2024, the Board met to consider the Transaction, including the plan to contribute Amundi US to Victory Capital Holdings in exchange for Amundi Asset Management S.A.S. ("Amundi") becoming a significant shareholder of Victory Capital Holdings, and to establish a long-term reciprocal distribution partnership between Amundi and Victory Capital. The Board was advised that the Transaction, if completed, would constitute a change
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of control under the 1940 Act that would result in the termination of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement.
At these meetings, which included meetings of the full Board and separate meetings of the Independent Directors, and at video conferences of the Independent Directors held on May 23, 2024, June 24, 2024, August 19, 2024, October 29, 2024 and December 9, 2024, the Board or the Independent Directors, as the case may be, considered, among other things, whether it would be in the best interests of the Fund and its stockholders to approve the New Investment Advisory Agreement. To assist the Board in its consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the anticipated impacts of the Transaction on the Fund and its stockholders, Victory Capital provided materials and information about Victory Capital, including its financial condition and asset management capabilities and organization, and Victory Capital and Amundi provided materials and information about the proposed Transaction between Victory Capital and Amundi.
To assist the Board in its consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement, Victory Capital provided extensive information to the Board regarding the Transaction and the investment advisory services to be provided by Victory Capital under the New Investment Advisory Agreement. Before and during the December 16, 2024 meeting, the Board sought additional information as it deemed necessary and appropriate. In connection with their consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement, the Independent Directors worked with their independent legal counsel to prepare requests for additional information that were submitted to Victory Capital and Amundi US. The Board's requests for information sought information relevant to the Board's consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement and other anticipated impacts of the Transaction on the Fund and its stockholders. In addition, the Board formed a Transaction Sub-Committee, comprised solely of Independent Directors, to assist the Board in its consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Transaction. The Board and the Transaction Sub-Committee met with senior management representatives of Victory Capital and Amundi US on numerous occasions to discuss various aspects of the Transaction, to review information provided to assist the Board in its consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Transaction, and to make supplemental due diligence requests for additional information from Victory Capital and Amundi US with respect to the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Transaction. Victory Capital and Amundi US provided documents and information in response to the requests from the Board and the Transaction Sub-Committee, as well as
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made presentations to, and responded to questions from, the Board and the Transaction Sub-Committee at various meetings.
Prior to voting on the New Investment Advisory Agreement, the Independent Directors reviewed the Transaction and the New Investment Advisory Agreement with representatives of Amundi US and Victory Capital, counsel to the Fund and counsel to the Independent Directors. The Independent Directors also reviewed the Transaction and the New Investment Advisory Agreement with their counsel in private sessions at which no representatives of Amundi US, Victory Capital or counsel to the Fund were present.
The Board's evaluation of the New Investment Advisory Agreement reflected the information provided specifically in connection with its review of the New Investment Advisory Agreement, as well as, where relevant, information that was previously furnished to the Board in connection with the renewal of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement at in-person meetings held on September 17, 2024 and at other Board meetings throughout the prior year.
Among other things, the Directors considered:
(i) that, in the Transaction, Amundi US would be contributed to Victory Capital in exchange for shares of Victory Capital Holdings issued to Amundi without Amundi becoming a controlling stockholder of Victory Capital Holdings, and that Victory Capital and Amundi would establish a long-term reciprocal distribution partnership;
(ii) representations by Victory Capital regarding the reputation, experience, financial strength and resources of Victory Capital and its investment franchises;
(iii) that Victory Capital has informed the Board that the Transaction was not expected to have a material adverse impact on the nature, scope and overall quality of services provided to the Fund and its stockholders, including investment management, risk management, administrative, compliance, legal and other services;
(iv) that Victory Capital informed the Board that the portfolio managers of the Fund were expected to continue to act as portfolio managers of the Fund following the consummation of the Transaction as members of Pioneer Investments, a planned Victory Capital investment franchise, managing the Fund using the same investment approach under which the Fund was previously managed, and the Board considered the historical investment performance record of the Fund under such investment approach;
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(v) the non-investment resources, infrastructure and personnel of Victory Capital that would be involved in Victory Capital's services to the Fund, including Victory Capital's legal and operational structure, risk management, administrative, legal, compliance and cybersecurity functions;
(vi) that the Fund's contractual advisory fee rate would remain the same and would not increase by virtue of the New Investment Advisory Agreement;
(vii) the terms and conditions of the New Investment Advisory Agreement, including that the New Investment Advisory Agreement was substantially identical to the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement;
(viii) the terms of the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement (including fees) also are substantially the same as the terms of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement, that the Interim Investment Agreement allows Victory Capital to manage each Fund for up to 150 days following the closing of the Transaction, and that investment advisory fees payable under the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement will be held in escrow during the term of the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement;
(ix) that the Directors had recently approved the continuance of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement with Amundi US at an in-person meeting held on September 17, 2024 and, in connection with the Directors' review of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement, received and considered full comparative fee and expense data;
(x) Victory Capital's plans to propose to transition from certain of the Fund's current service providers, including fund administration, to the Victory Funds' service providers following the consummation of the Transaction
(xi) that Victory Capital had agreed with the Board that, for at least three years after the Transaction closes, Victory Capital would waive fees and/or reimburse expenses so that the Fund's total net annual operating expenses (excluding certain customary items) does not exceed the lower of (i) the total net annual operating expenses associated with investing in the Fund after application of expense limitation arrangements currently in effect for the Fund, if any, or (ii) the total net annual operating expenses of the Fund as of the end of the Fund's most recent fiscal year at the time of the Transaction close, and that the contractual expense limitation agreement permits Victory Capital to recoup advisory fees waived and expenses reimbursed for up to two years after the fiscal year in which the waiver or reimbursement took place, subject to the lesser of any operating
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expense limitation in effect at the time of: (1) the original waiver or expense reimbursement; or (2) recoupment, after giving effect to the recoupment amount;
(xii) that Victory Capital did not expect to propose any changes to the investment objective(s) of the Fund or any changes to the principal investment strategies of the Fund as a result of the Transaction;
(xiii) that Victory Capital had acquired and integrated several investment management companies;
(xiv) the potential benefits to the stockholders of the Fund, including continuity of portfolio management and operating efficiencies due to the greater scale of Victory Capital that may be achieved from the Transaction;
(xv) that Victory Capital and Amundi would each derive benefits from the Transaction and that, as a result, they had a financial interest in the matters that were being considered;
(xvi) that Victory Capital and Amundi had agreed to conduct, and use reasonable best efforts to cause their affiliates to conduct, their respective businesses in compliance with Section 15(f) of the 1940 Act so as not to impose an "unfair burden" on the Fund; and
(xvii) that the Fund would not bear the costs of obtaining stockholder approval of the New Investment Advisory Agreement, including proxy solicitation costs, legal fees and the costs of printing and mailing the proxy statement, regardless of whether the Transaction is consummated.
Certain of these considerations are discussed in more detail below.
The Directors also requested, obtained and considered the following information in connection with their evaluation of the Transaction and the New Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund: (i) memoranda provided by Fund counsel that summarized the legal standards and other considerations that are relevant to the Directors in their deliberations regarding the New Investment Advisory Agreement; and (ii) the Fund's advisory fees and total expense ratios, the financial statements of Victory Capital, a profitability analysis provided by Victory Capital, and an analysis from Victory Capital as to possible economies of scale. The Directors further considered, materials provided in connection with their review of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement, including, for the Fund, information regarding the qualifications of the investment management teams for the Fund, as well as the level of investment by the Fund's portfolio managers in the Fund. In addition, the Directors considered the information provided at regularly scheduled meetings throughout the year regarding the Fund's performance and risk attributes,
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including through meetings with investment management personnel, and took into account other information related to the Fund provided to the Directors at regularly scheduled meetings.
At the December 16, 2024, meeting, based on their evaluation of the information provided by Victory Capital and Amundi US, the Directors including the Independent Directors voting separately, approved the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund. In considering the New Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund, the Directors considered various factors that they determined were relevant, including the factors described below. The Directors did not identify any single factor as the controlling factor in their determinations. The Directors considered the same factors with respect to the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund.
Nature, Extent and Quality of Services
The Directors considered the nature, extent and quality of the services that had been provided by Amundi US to the Fund and that were expected to be provided by Victory Capital to the Fund following the consummation of the Transaction, taking into account the investment objective(s) and principal investment strategies of the Fund.
The Board considered information provided by Victory Capital regarding its business and operating structure, scale of operations, leadership and reputation. The Board also considered the capabilities, resources, and personnel of Victory Capital, in order to determine whether Victory Capital was capable of providing the same level of investment management services provided to the Fund by Amundi US. The Board received information regarding Victory Capital's plans to integrate Amundi US investment personnel into Victory Capital as members of Pioneer Investments, a Victory Capital investment franchise. The Board noted that it had considered the qualifications of the portfolio managers at Amundi US at its September 17, 2024 Meeting.
The Directors considered Victory Capital's representation that there would be no change to the investment approach under which the Fund would be managed under the New Investment Advisory Agreement.
The Board considered the non-investment resources, infrastructure and personnel of Victory Capital that would be involved in Victory Capital's services to the Fund, including Victory Capital's compliance, risk management, cybersecurity and legal resources and personnel. The Board also reviewed information provided by Victory Capital related to its business, legal, and regulatory affairs, including information regarding the resources available to Victory Capital to provide the services specified
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under the New Investment Advisory Agreement. The Board also considered Victory Capital's financial condition, and noted that Victory Capital was expected to be able to provide a high level of service to the Fund and continuously invest and re-invest in its investment management business.
The Directors considered that Amundi US previously supervised and monitored the performance of the Fund's service providers and provided the Fund with personnel (including Fund officers) and other resources that are necessary for the Fund's business management and operations, and considered the personnel and resources that Victory Capital proposed to provide with respect to such services. The Directors also considered that, as administrator, Amundi US was responsible for the administration of the Fund's business and other affairs and that, post-Transaction, Victory Capital would be responsible for the administration of the Fund's business and other affairs. The Directors considered that the fees Victory Capital would charge for administration services are higher than the fees that Amundi US received as reimbursement for services rendered, and considered Victory Capital's explanation of the reasons for the differences in administration fees charged by Victory Capital and Amundi US as well as the expense limitation arrangements proposed to be implemented for the Fund for at least three years following the completion of the Transaction.
The Directors considered that the terms and conditions of the New Investment Advisory Agreement were substantially similar to the terms and conditions of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement, except for different execution dates, effective dates and termination dates. The Directors considered that the terms of the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement (including fees) also are substantially the same as the terms of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement, that the Interim Investment Agreement allows Victory Capital to manage each Fund for up to 150 days following the closing of the Transaction, and that investment advisory fees payable under the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement will be held in escrow during the term of the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement.
The Directors received and considered information regarding the Victory Funds' key service providers, including custody, transfer agency and administration service providers, the fees charged by such service providers as compared to the fees charged by the Fund's current service providers, and Victory Capital's plans to propose the transition from certain of the Fund's current service providers to the Victory Funds' service providers following the consummation of the Transaction.
The Directors considered that Victory Capital had advised the Board that, notwithstanding the above, the Transaction was not expected to have a
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material adverse impact on the nature, scope and overall quality of services provided to the Fund and its stockholders, including investment advisory, risk management, administrative, compliance, legal and other services, as a result of the Transaction. In that regard, the Directors considered the statements by representatives of Victory Capital that they did not foresee major changes in the day-to-day investment management operations of the Fund as a direct result of the Transaction, and also considered the risk management, legal and compliance services that Victory Capital would provide with respect to the Fund.
Based on these considerations, the Directors concluded that the nature, extent and quality of services that are proposed to be provided by Victory Capital to the Fund would be satisfactory and consistent with the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement.
Performance of the Trust
In considering the Fund's performance, the Directors regularly reviewed and discussed throughout the year data prepared by Amundi US and information comparing the Fund's performance with the performance of its peer group of funds, as classified by Morningstar, Inc. (Morningstar), and with the performance of the Fund's benchmark index. The Directors also regularly considered the Fund's returns at market value relative to its peers, as well as the discount at which the Fund's shares may trade on the New York Stock Exchange compared to its net asset value per share. They also discussed the Fund's performance with Amundi US on a regular basis. The Directors' regular reviews and discussions factored into the Directors' deliberations concerning the approval of the New Investment Advisory Agreement.
In addition, the Board considered that the Fund's portfolio managers were expected to continue to act as portfolio managers of the Fund following the consummation of the Transaction as members of Pioneer Investments, a Victory Capital investment franchise. The Board also considered that no changes were proposed to the Fund's investment objective(s) or principal investment strategies in connection with the Transaction and the New Investment Advisory Agreement.
Advisory Fee and Expenses
The Directors noted that the advisory fee rate payable by the Fund was identical under the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement and the New Investment Advisory Agreement. The Directors considered information received in connection with the Directors' consideration of the renewal of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement at in-person meetings held on September 17, 2024 showing the fees and expenses of the
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Fund in comparison to the advisory fees and expense ratios of a peer group of funds selected on the basis of criteria determined by the Independent Directors for this purpose using data provided by Strategic Insight Mutual Fund Research and Consulting, LLC (Strategic Insight), an independent third party. The peer group comparisons referred to below are organized in quintiles. Each quintile represents one-fifth of the peer group. In all peer group comparisons referred to below, first quintile is most favorable to the Fund's shareowners.
The Directors considered that the Fund's advisory fee (based on managed assets) for the Fund's fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 was in the first quintile relative to the advisory fees paid by other funds in its Strategic Insight peer group for the comparable period. The Directors considered that the expense ratio (based on managed assets) of the Fund's common stock for the most recent fiscal year (both including and excluding investment-related expenses) was in the first quintile relative to its Strategic Insight peer group for the comparable period.
The Directors also considered Victory Capital's contractual commitment under the expense limitation agreement to waive fees and/or reimburse expenses for at least three years after the closing of the Transaction, so that the Fund's total net annual operating expenses (excluding certain customary items) does not exceed the lower of (i) the total net annual operating expenses associated with investing in the Fund after application of expense limitation arrangements currently in effect for the Fund, if any, or (ii) the total net annual operating expenses of the Fund as of the end of the Fund's most recent fiscal year, at the time the Transaction closes. The Directors considered that the expense limitation agreement permits Victory Capital to recoup advisory fees waived and expenses reimbursed for up to two years after the fiscal year in which the waiver or reimbursement took place, subject to the lesser of any operating expense limitation in effect at the time of: (1) the original waiver or expense reimbursement; or (2) recoupment, after giving effect to the recoupment amount.
The Directors also considered that Victory Capital does not manage closed-end funds except for the Pioneer closed-end funds.
The Directors concluded that the advisory fee payable by the Fund to Victory Capital under the New Investment Advisory Agreement was reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of the services to be provided by Victory Capital.
Profitability
The Directors considered information provided by Victory Capital regarding the estimated profitability of Victory Capital with respect to the advisory
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services proposed to be provided by Victory Capital to the Fund, including the methodology used by Victory Capital in allocating certain of its costs to the management of the Fund. The Directors also considered Victory Capital's profit margins in connection with the overall operation of the Fund. The Board considered the investments Victory Capital expected to make to support and grow the Pioneer funds brand and the costs to integrate the Amundi US/Pioneer Funds business into Victory Capital. The Board also considered information regarding Victory Capital's profit margins with respect to the funds it currently manages. The Board considered Victory Capital's representation that the fully integrated Amundi US/Pioneer Funds business, including investments to support ongoing growth, was expected to have a positive impact on Victory Capital's overall financial profitability. The Directors considered Victory Capital's profit margins in comparison to the limited industry data available and noted that the profitability of any adviser was affected by numerous factors, including its organizational structure and method for allocating expenses. The Directors concluded that Victory Capital's estimated profitability with respect to the management of the Fund was not unreasonable.
Economies of Scale
The Directors considered the extent to which Victory Capital may realize economies of scale or other efficiencies in managing and supporting the Fund. Since the Fund is a closed-end fund that has not raised additional capital, the Directors concluded that economies of scale were not a relevant consideration in the renewal of the investment advisory agreement.
Other Benefits
The Directors considered the other benefits that Victory Capital may enjoy from its relationship with the Fund. The Directors considered the character and amount of fees to be paid by the Fund, other than under the New Investment Advisory Agreement, for services to be provided by Victory Capital and its affiliates. The Directors further considered the revenues and profitability of Victory Capital's businesses other than the Fund business. To the extent applicable, the Directors also considered the potential benefits to the Fund and to Victory Capital and its affiliates from the use of "soft" commission dollars generated by the Fund to pay for research and brokerage services.
The Directors noted that the completion of the Transaction would result in a long-term reciprocal distribution partnership between Amundi and Victory Capital, and that Victory Capital may benefit from Amundi's ability to market the services of Victory Capital globally, including in an increase of the overall scale of Victory Capital. The Directors considered
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that the Transaction, if completed, would significantly increase Victory Capital's assets under management and expand Victory Capital's investment capabilities. The Directors considered that this increased size and diversification could facilitate Victory Capital's continued investment in its business and products, which Victory Capital would be able to leverage across a broader base of assets. The Directors considered that Victory Capital and the Fund are expected to receive reciprocal intangible benefits from the relationship, including mutual brand recognition. The Directors concluded that any such benefits received by Victory Capital as a result of its relationship with the Fund were reasonable.
Conclusion
After consideration of the factors described above as well as other factors, the Directors, including the Independent Directors, concluded that the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund, including the fees payable thereunder, were fair and reasonable and voted to approve the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement.
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Directors, Officers and Service Providers
Investment Adviser and Administrator
Victory Capital Management Inc.
Custodian and Sub-Administrator
The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Deloitte & Touche LLP
Legal Counsel
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP
Transfer Agent
Equiniti Trust Company, LLC
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures of the Fund
are available without charge, upon request, by calling our toll free number (1-800-225-6292). Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is publicly available to stockholders at www.pioneerinvestments.com. This information is also available on the Securities and Exchange Commission's web site at www.sec.gov.
Directors and Officers
The Fund's Directors and officers as of April 1, 2025 are listed below, together with their principal occupations and other directorships they have held during at least the past five years. Directors who are interested persons of the Fund within the meaning of the 1940 Act are referred to as Interested Directors. Directors who are not interested persons of the Fund are referred to as Independent Directors.
The address for all Directors and all officers of the Fund is 60 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109.
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Independent Directors
Name, Age and Position
Held With the Fund
Term of Office and
Length of Service
Principal Occupation(s) During At Least The Past Five Years Number of
Portfolios in
Victory Fund
Complex
Overseen
Other Directorships Held by Director
During At Least The Past Five Years
Thomas J. Perna (74)
Chairman of the Board
and Director
Class II Director since 2007.
Term expires in 2027.
Private investor (2004 - 2008 and 2013 - present); Chairman (2008 - 2013) and Chief Executive Officer (2008 - 2012), Quadriserv, Inc. (technology products for securities lending industry); and Senior Executive Vice President, The Bank of New York (financial and securities services) (1986 - 2004) 43 Director, Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (investor communications and securities processing provider for financial services industry) (2009 - 2023); Director, Quadriserv, Inc. (2005 - 2013); and Commissioner, New Jersey State Civil Service Commission (2011 - 2015)
John E. Baumgardner,
Jr. (74)*
Director
Class III Director since 2019.
Term expires in 2025.
Of Counsel (2019 - present), Partner (1983-2018), Sullivan & Cromwell LLP (law firm). 43 Chairman, The Lakeville Journal
Company, LLC, (privately-held
community newspaper group)
(2015-present)
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Independent Directors
(continued)
Name, Age and Position
Held With the Fund
Term of Office and
Length of Service
Principal Occupation(s) During At Least The Past Five Years Number of
Portfolios in
Victory Fund
Complex
Overseen
Other Directorships Held by Director
During At Least The Past Five Years
Diane Durnin (68)
Director
Class I Director since 2020.
Term expires in 2026.
Managing Director - Head of Product Strategy and Development, BNY Mellon Investment Management (investment management firm) (2012-2018); Vice Chairman - The Dreyfus Corporation (2005 - 2018): Executive Vice President Head of Product, BNY Mellon Investment Management (2007-2012); Executive Director- Product Strategy, Mellon Asset Management (2005-2007); Executive Vice President Head of Products, Marketing and Client Service, Dreyfus Corporation (investment management firm) (2000-2005); Senior Vice President Strategic Product and Business Development, Dreyfus Corporation (1994-2000) 43 None
Benjamin M. Friedman (80)
Director
Class I Director since 2008.
Term expires in 2026.
William Joseph Maier Professor of Political Economy, Harvard University (1972 - present) 43 Trustee, Mellon Institutional Funds
Investment Trust and Mellon
Institutional Funds Master Portfolio
(oversaw 17 portfolios in fund
complex) (1989 - 2008)
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Name, Age and Position
Held With the Fund
Term of Office and
Length of Service
Principal Occupation(s) During At Least The Past Five Years Number of
Portfolios in
Victory Fund
Complex
Overseen
Other Directorships Held by Director
During At Least The Past Five Years
Craig C. MacKay (62)
Director
Class II Director since 2021.
Term expires in 2027.
Senior Advisor, England & Company, LLC (advisory firm) (2022 - present); Partner, England & Company, LLC (advisory firm) (2012 - 2022); Group Head - Leveraged Finance Distribution, Oppenheimer & Company (investment bank) (2006 - 2012); Group Head - Private Finance & High Yield Capital Markets Origination, SunTrust Robinson Humphrey (investment bank) (2003 - 2006); and Founder and Chief Executive Officer, HNY Associates, LLC (investment bank) (1996 - 2003) 43 Director, Equitable Holdings, Inc. (financial services holding company) (2022 - present); Board Member of Carver Bancorp, Inc. (holding company) and Carver Federal Savings Bank, NA (2017 - present); Advisory Council Member, MasterShares ETF (2016 - 2017); Advisory Council Member, The Deal (financial market information publisher) (2015 - 2016); Board Co-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Danis Transportation Company (privately-owned commercial carrier) (2000 - 2003); Board Member and Chief Financial Officer, Customer Access Resources (privately-owned teleservices company) (1998 - 2000); Board Member, Federation of Protestant Welfare Agencies (human services agency) (1993 - 2022); and Board Treasurer, Harlem Dowling Westside Center (foster care agency) (1999 - 2018)
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Independent Directors
(continued)
Name, Age and Position
Held With the Fund
Term of Office and
Length of Service
Principal Occupation(s) During At Least The Past Five Years Number of
Portfolios in
Victory Fund
Complex
Overseen
Other Directorships Held by Director
During At Least The Past Five Years
Lorraine H. Monchak (68)
Director
Class III Director since 2015.
Term expires in 2025.
Chief Investment Officer, 1199 SEIU Funds (healthcare workers union pension funds) (2001 - present); Vice President - International Investments Group, American International Group, Inc. (insurance company) (1993 - 2001); Vice President Corporate Finance and Treasury Group, Citibank, N.A.(1980 - 1986 and 1990 - 1993); Vice President - Asset/Liability Management Group, Federal Farm Funding Corporation (government-sponsored issuer of debt securities) (1988 - 1990); Mortgage Strategies Group, Shearson Lehman Hutton, Inc. (investment bank) (1987 - 1988); Mortgage Strategies Group, Drexel Burnham Lambert, Ltd. (investment bank) (1986 - 1987) 43 None
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Name, Age and Position
Held With the Fund
Term of Office and
Length of Service
Principal Occupation(s) During At Least The Past Five Years Number of
Portfolios in
Victory Fund
Complex
Overseen
Other Directorships Held by Director
During At Least The Past Five Years
Fred J. Ricciardi (78)
Director
Class II Director since 2014.
Term expires in 2027.
Private investor (2020 - present); Consultant (investment company services) (2012 - 2020); Executive Vice President, BNY Mellon (financial and investment company services) (1969 - 2012); Director, BNY International Financing Corp. (financial services) (2002 - 2012); Director, Mellon Overseas Investment Corp. (financial services) (2009 - 2012); Director, Financial Models (technology) (2005-2007); Director, BNY Hamilton Funds, Ireland (offshore investment companies) (2004-2007); Chairman/Director, AIB/BNY Securities Services, Ltd., Ireland (financial services) (1999-2006); Chairman, BNY Alternative Investment Services, Inc. (financial services) (2005-2007) 43 None
* Mr. Baumgardner is Of Counsel to Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, which acts as counsel to the Independent Directors of the Fund.
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Interested Directors
Name, Age and Position
Held With the Fund
Term of Office and
Length of Service
Principal Occupation(s) During At Least The Past Five Years Number of
Portfolios in
Victory Fund
Complex
Overseen
Other Directorships Held by Director
During At Least The Past Five Years
David C. Brown (52)**
Director
Class I Director since 2025. Term expires in 2026. Chief Executive Officer and Chairman (2013-present), Victory Capital Management Inc.; Chief Executive Officer and Chairman (2013-present), Victory Capital Holdings, Inc.; Director, Victory Capital Services, Inc. (2013-present); Director, Victory Capital Transfer Agency, Inc. (2019-present) 159 None
** Mr. Brown is an "Interested Person" by reason of his relationship with Victory Capital.
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Fund Officers
Name, Age and Position
Held With the Fund
Term of Office and
Length of Service
Principal Occupation(s) During At Least The Past Five Years Number of
Portfolios in
Victory Fund
Complex
Overseen
Other Directorships Held by Officer
During At Least The Past Five Years
Thomas Dusenberry (47)
President
Since 2025. Serves at the discretion of the Board Director, Fund Administration, Victory Capital; Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer (May 2023-present); Manager, Fund Administration, Victory Capital; Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer (2020-2022), Assistant Treasurer (2019), Salient MF Trust, Salient Midstream, MLP Fund and Forward Funds; Principal Financial Officer (2018-2021) and Treasurer (2020-2021), Salient Private Access Funds and Endowment PMF Funds; Senior Vice President of Fund Accounting and Operations, Salient Partners (2020-2022); Director of Fund Operations, Salient Partners (2016-2019). Mr. Dusenberry also serves as President of Victory Portfolios II, Victory Portfolios III, Victory Portfolios IV, Victory Variable Insurance Funds II and Pioneer closed-end funds 159 None
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Fund Officers
(continued)
Name, Age and Position
Held With the Fund
Term of Office and
Length of Service
Principal Occupation(s) During At Least The Past Five Years Number of
Portfolios in
Victory Fund
Complex
Overseen
Other Directorships Held by Officer
During At Least The Past Five Years
Scott A. Stahorsky (55)
Vice President
Since 2025. Serves at the discretion of the Board Director, Third-Party Dealer Services & Reg Administration, Fund Administration, Victory Capital (2023-present); Vice President, Victory Capital Transfer Agency, Inc. (2023-present); Manager, Fund Administration, Victory Capital (2015- 2023). Mr. Stahorsky also serves as Vice President Victory Portfolios, Victory Portfolios II, Victory Portfolios III, Victory Portfolios IV, Victory Variable Insurance Funds II and Pioneer closed-end funds 159 None
Patricia McClain (62)
Secretary
Since 2025. Serves at the discretion of the Board Director, Regulatory Administration, Fund Administration, Victory Capital (2019-present). Ms. McClain also serves as Secretary of Victory Portfolios, Victory Portfolios II, Victory Portfolios III, Victory Portfolios IV, Victory Variable Insurance Funds II and Pioneer closed-end funds 159 None
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Name, Age and Position
Held With the Fund
Term of Office and
Length of Service
Principal Occupation(s) During At Least The Past Five Years Number of
Portfolios in
Victory Fund
Complex
Overseen
Other Directorships Held by Officer
During At Least The Past Five Years
Carol D. Trevino (59)
Treasurer
Since 2025. Serves at the discretion of the Board Director, Financial Reporting, Fund Administration (2023-present); Director, Accounting and Finance, Victory Capital (2019-2023); Accounting/ Financial Director, USAA (2013-2019). Ms. Trevino also serves as Treasurer of Victory Portfolios, Victory Portfolios II, Victory Portfolios III, Victory Portfolios IV, Victory Variable Insurance Funds II and Pioneer closed-end funds 159 None
Christopher Ponte (40)
Assistant Treasurer
Since 2025. Serves at the discretion of the Board Director, Fund and Broker Dealer Finance, Fund Administration, (2023-present); Victory Capital Transfer Agency, Inc. (2023-present); Manager, Fund Administration, Victory Capital (2017-2023); Chief Financial Officer, Victory Capital Services, Inc. (since 2018). Mr. Ponte also serves as Assistant Treasurer of Victory Portfolios, Victory Portfolios II, Victory Portfolios III, Victory Portfolios IV, Victory Variable Insurance Funds II and Pioneer closed-end funds 159 None
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Fund Officers
(continued)
Name, Age and Position
Held With the Fund
Term of Office and
Length of Service
Principal Occupation(s) During At Least The Past Five Years Number of
Portfolios in
Victory Fund
Complex
Overseen
Other Directorships Held by Officer
During At Least The Past Five Years
Sean Fox (48)
Chief Compliance Officer
Since 2025. Serves at the discretion of the Board Sr. Compliance Officer, Victory Capital (2019-Present); Compliance Officer, Victory Capital (2015-2019). Mr. Fox also serves as Chief Compliance Officer for Victory Portfolios, Victory Portfolios II, Victory Portfolios III, Victory Portfolios IV, Victory Variable Insurance Funds II and Pioneer closed-end funds 159 None
D. Brent Rowse (43)
Anti-Money Laundering Officers and Identity Theft Officer
Since 2025. Serves at the discretion of the Board Sr. Compliance Officer, Victory Capital (2023-present); Compliance Officer, Victory Capital (2019-2023). Mr. Rowse also serves as the Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer and Identity Theft Officer for Victory Portfolios, Victory Portfolios II, Victory Portfolios III, Victory Portfolios IV and Victory Variable Insurance Funds, and the Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer for Victory Capital Services, Inc. 159 None
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Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc. |
Annual
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4/30/25
Table of Contents
How to Contact Victory Capital
We are pleased to offer a variety of convenient ways for you to contact us for assistance or information.
You can call Equiniti Trust Company, LLC (EQ) for:
Account Information
1-800-710-0935
Or write to EQ:
ForWrite to
General inquiries, lost dividend checks,Equiniti Trust
change of address, lost stock certificates,Company, LLC
stock transferOperations Center
6201 15th Ave.
Brooklyn, NY 11219
Dividend reinvestment plan (DRIP) Equiniti Trust
Company, LLC
Wall Street Station
P.O. Box 922
New York, NY 10269-0560
Websitehttps://equiniti.com/us
For additional information, please contact your investment adviser or visit our web site www.pioneerinvestments.com.
The Fund files a complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year as an exhibit to its reports on Form N-PORT. Stockholders may view the filed Form N-PORT by visiting the Commission's web site at https://www.sec.gov.
Table of Contents
Victory Capital Management Inc.
60 State Street
Boston, MA 02109
vcm.com
© 2025 Victory Capital Management Inc. 21909-17-0625

ITEM 2. CODE OF ETHICS.

(a) Disclose whether, as of the end of the period covered by the report, the registrant has adopted a code of ethics that applies to the registrant's principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, regardless of whether these individuals are employed by the registrant or a third party. If the registrant has not adopted such a code of ethics, explain why it has not done so.

The registrant has adopted, as of the end of the period covered by this report, a code of ethics that applies to the registrant's principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and controller.

(b) For purposes of this Item, the term "code of ethics" means written standards that are reasonably designed to deter wrongdoing and to promote:

(1) Honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships;

(2) Full, fair, accurate, timely, and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that a registrant files with, or submits to, the Commission and in other public communications made by the registrant;

(3) Compliance with applicable governmental laws, rules, and regulations;

(4) The prompt internal reporting of violations of the code to an appropriate person or persons identified in the code; and

(5) Accountability for adherence to the code.

(c) The registrant must briefly describe the nature of any amendment, during the period covered by the report, to a provision of its code of ethics that applies to the registrant's principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, regardless of whether these individuals are employed by the registrant or a third party, and that relates to any element of the code of ethics definition enumerated in paragraph (b) of this Item. The registrant must file a copy of any such amendment as an exhibit pursuant to Item 19(a), unless the registrant has elected to satisfy paragraph (f) of this Item by posting its code of ethics on its website pursuant to paragraph (f)(2) of this Item, or by undertaking to provide its code of ethics to any person without charge, upon request, pursuant to paragraph (f)(3) of this Item.

The registrant has made no amendments to the code of ethics during the period covered by this report.

(d) If the registrant has, during the period covered by the report, granted a waiver, including an implicit waiver, from a provision of the code of ethics to the registrant's principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, regardless of whether these individuals are employed by the registrant or a third party, that relates to one or more of the items set forth in paragraph (b) of this Item, the registrant must briefly describe the nature of the waiver, the name of the person to whom the waiver was granted, and the date of the waiver.

Not applicable.

(e) If the registrant intends to satisfy the disclosure requirement under paragraph (c) or (d) of this Item regarding an amendment to, or a waiver from, a provision of its code of ethics that applies to the registrant's principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions and that relates to any element of the code of ethics definition enumerated in paragraph (b) of this Item by posting such information on its Internet website, disclose the registrant's Internet address and such intention.

Not applicable.

(f) The registrant must:

(1) File with the Commission, pursuant to Item 19(a)(1), a copy of its code of ethics that applies to the registrant's principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, as an exhibit to its annual report on this Form N-CSR(see attachment);

(2) Post the text of such code of ethics on its Internet website and disclose, in its most recent report on this Form N-CSR,its Internet address and the fact that it has posted such code of ethics on its Internet website; or

(3) Undertake in its most recent report on this Form N-CSRto provide to any person without charge, upon request, a copy of such code of ethics and explain the manner in which such request may be made. See Item 19(2)

ITEM 3. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT.

(a) (1) Disclose that the registrant's Board of Directors has determined that the registrant either:

(i) Has at least one audit committee financial expert serving on its audit committee; or

(ii) Does not have an audit committee financial expert serving on its audit committee.

The registrant's Board of Directors has determined that the registrant has at least one audit committee financial expert.

(2) If the registrant provides the disclosure required by paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this Item, it must disclose the name of the audit committee financial expert and whether that person is "independent." In order to be considered "independent" for purposes of this Item, a member of an audit committee may not, other than in his or her capacity as a member of the audit committee, the Board of Directors, or any other board committee:

(i) Accept directly or indirectly any consulting, advisory, or other compensatory fee from the issuer; or

(ii) Be an "interested person" of the investment company as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 80a-2(a)(19)).

Mr. Fred J. Ricciardi, an independent Director, is such an audit committee financial expert.

(3) If the registrant provides the disclosure required by paragraph (a)(1) (ii) of this Item, it must explain why it does not have an audit committee financial expert.

Not applicable.

ITEM 4. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES.

(a) Disclose, under the caption AUDIT FEES, the aggregate fees billed for each of the last two fiscal years for professional services rendered by the principal accountant for the audit of the registrant's annual financial statements or services that are normally provided by the accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for those fiscal years.

The Fund paid Deloitte & Touche LLP for audit fees of $44,910 and $43,900 during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(b) Disclose, under the caption AUDIT-RELATED FEES, the aggregate fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for assurance and related services by the principal accountant that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit of the registrant's financial statements and are not reported under paragraph (a) of this Item. Registrants shall describe the nature of the services comprising the fees disclosed under this category.

N/A

(c) Disclose, under the caption TAX FEES, the aggregate fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for professional services rendered by the principal accountant for tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning. Registrants shall describe the nature of the services comprising the fees disclosed under this category.

The Fund paid aggregate non-auditfees to Deloitte & Touche LLP for tax services of $9,090 and $10,600 during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(d) Disclose, under the caption ALL OTHER FEES, the aggregate fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for products and services provided by the principal accountant, other than the services reported in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this Item. Registrants shall describe the nature of the services comprising the fees disclosed under this category.

There were no other fees in 2025 or 2024.

(e) (1) Disclose the audit committee's pre-approvalpolicies and procedures described in paragraph (c)(7) of Rule 2-01of Regulation S-X.

PIONEER FUNDS

APPROVAL OF AUDIT, AUDIT-RELATED, TAX AND OTHER SERVICES

PROVIDED BY THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR

SECTION I - POLICY PURPOSE AND APPLICABILITY

The Pioneer Funds recognize the importance of maintaining the independence of their outside auditors. Maintaining independence is a shared responsibility involving Amundi Asset Management US, Inc., the audit committee and the independent auditors.

The Funds recognize that a Fund's independent auditors: 1) possess knowledge of the Funds, 2) are able to incorporate certain services into the scope of the audit, thereby avoiding redundant work, cost and disruption of Fund personnel and processes, and 3) have expertise that has value to the Funds. As a result, there are situations where it is desirable to use the Fund's independent auditors for services in addition to the annual audit and where the potential for conflicts of interests are minimal. Consequently, this policy, which is intended to comply with Rule 210.2-01(C)(7),sets forth guidelines and procedures to be followed by the Funds when retaining the independent audit firm to perform audit, audit-related tax and other services under those circumstances, while also maintaining independence.

Approval of a service in accordance with this policy for a Fund shall also constitute approval for any other Fund whose pre-approvalis required pursuant to Rule 210.2-01(c)(7)(ii).

In addition to the procedures set forth in this policy, any non-auditservices that may be provided consistently with Rule 210.2-01may be approved by the Audit Committee itself and any pre-approvalthat may be waived in accordance with Rule 210.2-01(c)(7)(i)(C)is hereby waived.

Selection of a Fund's independent auditors and their compensation shall be determined by the Audit Committee and shall not be subject to this policy.

SECTION II - POLICY

SERVICE CATEGORY

SERVICE CATEGORY DESCRIPTION

SPECIFIC PRE-APPROVED

SERVICE SUBCATEGORIES

I. AUDIT SERVICES Services that are directly related to performing the independent audit of the Funds

•  Accounting research assistance

•  SEC consultation, registration statements, and reporting

•  Tax accrual related matters

•  Implementation of new accounting standards

•  Compliance letters (e.g. rating agency letters)

•  Regulatory reviews and assistance regarding financial matters

•  Semi-annual reviews (if requested)

•  Comfort letters for closed end offerings

II. AUDIT-RELATED SERVICES Services which are not prohibited under Rule 210.2-01(C)(4)(the "Rule") and are related extensions of the audit services support the audit, or use the knowledge/expertise gained from the audit procedures as a foundation to complete the project. In most cases, if the Audit-Related Services are not performed by the Audit firm, the scope of the Audit Services would likely increase. The Services are typically well-defined and governed by accounting professional standards (AICPA, SEC, etc.)

•  AICPA attest and agreed-upon procedures

•  Technology control assessments

•  Financial reporting control assessments

•  Enterprise security architecture assessment

AUDIT COMMITTEE APPROVAL POLICY

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORTING POLICY

•  "One-time" pre-approvalfor the audit period for all pre-approvedspecific service subcategories. Approval of the independent auditors as auditors for a Fund shall constitute pre approval for these services.

•  A summary of all such services and related fees reported at each regularly scheduled Audit Committee meeting.

•  "One-time"pre-approval for the fund fiscal year within a specified dollar limit for all pre-approved specific service subcategories

•  Specific approval is needed to exceed the pre-approved dollar limit for these services (see general Audit Committee approval policy below for details on obtaining specific approvals)

•  A summary of all such services and related fees (including comparison to specified dollar limits) reported quarterly.

•  Specific approval is needed to use the Fund's auditors for Audit-Related Services not denoted as "pre-approved", or to add a specific service subcategory as "pre-approved"

SECTION III - POLICY DETAIL, CONTINUED

SERVICE CATEGORY

SERVICE CATEGORY DESCRIPTION

SPECIFIC PRE-APPROVED
SERVICE SUBCATEGORIES

III. TAX SERVICES Services which are not prohibited by the Rule, if an officer of the Fund determines that using the Fund's auditor to provide these services creates significant synergy in the form of efficiency, minimized disruption, or the ability to maintain a desired level of confidentiality.

•  Tax planning and support

•  Tax controversy assistance

•  Tax compliance, tax returns, excise tax returns and support

•  Tax opinions

AUDIT COMMITTEE APPROVAL POLICY

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORTING POLICY

•  "One-time"pre-approval for the fund fiscal year within a specified dollar limit

•  A summary of all such services and related fees (including comparison to specified dollar limits) reported quarterly.

•  Specific approval is needed to exceed the pre-approved dollar limits for these services (see general Audit Committee approval policy below for details on obtaining specific approvals)

•  Specific approval is needed to use the Fund's auditors for tax services not denoted as pre-approved, or to add a specific service subcategory as "pre-approved"

SECTION III - POLICY DETAIL, CONTINUED

SERVICE CATEGORY

SERVICE CATEGORY DESCRIPTION

SPECIFIC PRE-APPROVED
SERVICE SUBCATEGORIES

IV. OTHER SERVICES

A. SYNERGISTIC, UNIQUE QUALIFICATIONS

Services which are not prohibited by the Rule, if an officer of the Fund determines that using the Fund's auditor to provide these services creates significant synergy in the form of efficiency, minimized disruption, the ability to maintain a desired level of confidentiality, or where the Fund's auditors posses unique or superior qualifications to provide these services, resulting in superior value and results for the Fund.

•  Business Risk Management support

•  Other control and regulatory compliance projects

AUDIT COMMITTEE APPROVAL POLICY

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORTING POLICY

•  "One-time" pre-approvalfor the fund fiscal year within a specified dollar limit

•  A summary of all such services and related fees (including comparison to specified dollar limits) reported quarterly.

•  Specific approval is needed to exceed the pre-approved dollar limits for these services (see general Audit Committee approval policy below for details on obtaining specific approvals)

•  Specific approval is needed to use the Fund's auditors for "Synergistic" or "Unique Qualifications" Other Services not denoted as pre-approved to the left, or to add a specific service subcategory as "pre-approved"

SECTION III - POLICY DETAIL, CONTINUED

SERVICE CATEGORY

SERVICE CATEGORY DESCRIPTION

SPECIFIC PROHIBITED
SERVICE SUBCATEGORIES

PROHIBITED SERVICES Services which result in the auditors losing independence status under the Rule.

1. Bookkeeping or other services related to the accounting records or financial statements of the audit client*

2. Financial information systems design and implementation*

3. Appraisal or valuation services, fairness* opinions, or contribution-in-kindreports

4. Actuarial services (i.e., setting actuarial reserves versus actuarial audit work)*

5. Internal audit outsourcing services*

6. Management functions or human resources

7. Broker or dealer, investment advisor, or investment banking services

8. Legal services and expert services unrelated to the audit

9. Any other service that the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board determines, by regulation, is impermissible

AUDIT COMMITTEE APPROVAL POLICY

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORTING POLICY

•  These services are not to be performed with the exception of the(*) services that may be permitted if they would not be subject to audit procedures at the audit client (as defined in rule 2-01(f)(4))level the firm providing the service.

•  A summary of all services and related fees reported at each regularly scheduled Audit Committee meeting will serve as continual confirmation that has not provided any restricted services.

GENERAL AUDIT COMMITTEE APPROVAL POLICY:

For all projects, the officers of the Funds and the Fund's auditors will each make an assessment to determine that any proposed projects will not impair independence.

Potential services will be classified into the four non-restrictedservice categories and the "Approval of Audit, Audit-Related, Tax and Other Services" Policy above will be applied. Any services outside the specific pre-approvedservice subcategories set forth above must be specifically approved by the Audit Committee.

At least quarterly, the Audit Committee shall review a report summarizing the services by service category, including fees, provided by the Audit firm as set forth in the above policy.

(2) Disclose the percentage of services described in each of paragraphs (b) through (d) of this Item that were approved by the audit committee pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01of Regulation S-X.

Non-AuditServices

Beginning with non-auditservice contracts entered into on or after May 6, 2003, the effective date of the new SEC pre-approvalrules, the Fund's audit committee is required to pre-approveservices to affiliates defined by SEC rules to the extent that the services are determined to have a direct impact on the operations or financial reporting of the Fund. For the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, there were no services provided to an affiliate that required the Fund's audit committee pre-approval.

(f) If greater than 50 percent, disclose the percentage of hours expended on the principal accountants engagement to audit the registrant's financial statements for the most recent fiscal year that were attributed to work performed by persons other than the principal accountant's full-time, permanent employees.

N/A

(g) Disclose the aggregate non-auditfees billed by the registrants accountant for services rendered to the registrant, and rendered to the registrants investment adviser (not including any sub-adviserwhose role is primarily portfolio management and is subcontracted with or overseen by another investment adviser), and any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the adviser that provides ongoing services to the registrant for each of the last two fiscal years of the registrant.

The Fund paid aggregate non-auditfees to Deloitte & Touche LLP for tax services of $9,090 and $10,600 during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(h) Disclose whether the registrants audit committee of the Board of Directors has considered whether the provision of non-auditservices that were rendered to the registrants investment adviser (not including any subadviser whose role is primarily portfolio management and is subcontracted with or overseen by another investment adviser), and any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the investment adviser that provides ongoing services to the registrant that were not pre-approvedpursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2-01of Regulation S-Xis compatible with maintaining the principal accountant's independence.

The Fund's audit committee of the Board of Directors has considered whether the provision of non-auditservices that were rendered to the Affiliates (as defined) that were not pre-approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2-01of Regulation S-Xis compatible with maintaining the principal accountant's independence.

(i) A registrant identified by the Commission pursuant to Section 104(i)(2)(A) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7214(i)(2)(A)), as having retained, for the preparation of the audit report on its financial statements included in the Form NCSR, a registered public accounting firm that has a branch or office that is located in a foreign jurisdiction and that the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board has determined it is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the foreign jurisdiction must electronically submit to the Commission on a supplemental basis documentation that establishes that the registrant is not owned or controlled by a governmental entity in the foreign jurisdiction. The registrant must submit this documentation on or before the due date for this form. A registrant that is owned or controlled by a foreign governmental entity is not required to submit such documentation.

N/A

(j) A registrant that is a foreign issuer, as defined in 17 CFR 240.3b-4,identified by the Commission pursuant to Section 104(i)(2)(A) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7214(i)(2)(A)), as having retained, for the preparation of the audit report on its financial statements included in the Form N-CSR,a registered public accounting firm that has a branch or office that is located in a foreign jurisdiction and that the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board has determined it is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the foreign jurisdiction, for each year in which the registrant is so identified, must provide the below disclosures. Also, any such identified foreign issuer that uses a variable-interest entity or any similar structure that results in additional foreign entities being consolidated in the financial statements of the registrant is required to provide the below disclosures for itself and its consolidated foreign operating entity or entities. A registrant must disclose:

(1) That, for the immediately preceding annual financial statement period, a registered public accounting firm that the PCAOB was unable to inspect or investigate completely, because of a position taken by an authority in the foreign jurisdiction, issued an audit report for the registrant;

N/A

(2) The percentage of shares of the registrant owned by governmental entities in the foreign jurisdiction in which the registrant is incorporated or otherwise organized;

N/A

(3) Whether governmental entities in the applicable foreign jurisdiction with respect to that registered public accounting firm have a controlling financial interest with respect to the registrant;

N/A

(4) The name of each official of the Chinese Communist Party who is a member of the board of directors of the registrant or the operating entity with respect to the registrant;

N/A

(5) Whether the articles of incorporation of the registrant (or equivalent organizing document) contains any charter of the Chinese Communist Party, including the text of any such charter.

N/A

ITEM 5. AUDIT COMMITTEE OF LISTED REGISTRANTS

(a) If the registrant is a listed issuer as defined in Rule 10A-3under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.10A-3),state whether or not the registrant has a separately-designated standing audit committee established in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(58)(A)). If the registrant has such a committee, however designated, identify each committee member. If the entire Board of Directors is acting as the registrant's audit committee as specified in Section 3(a)(58)(B) of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(58)(B)), so state.

N/A

(b) If applicable, provide the disclosure required by Rule 10A-3(d)under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.10A-3(d))regarding an exemption from the listing standards for audit committees.

N/A

ITEM 6. SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS.

File Schedule of Investments in securities of unaffiliated issuers as of the close of the reporting period as set forth in 210.1212 of Regulation S-X[17 CFR 210.12-12],unless the schedule is included as part of the report to shareholders filed under Item 1 of this Form.

Included in Item 1

ITEM 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS FOR CLOSED-ENDMANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES

Included in Item 1

ITEM 8. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS FOR CLOSED-ENDMANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES.

N/A

ITEM 9. DISCLOSURE OF PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR OPEN-ENDMANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES. (Unaudited)

N/A

Item 10. REMUNERATION PAID TO DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, AND OTHERS OF CLOSED-ENDMANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES. (Unaudited)

Each Board Member also serves as a Board Member of other Funds in the Pioneer Family of Funds complex. Annual retainer fees and attendance fees are allocated to each Fund based on net assets. Directors' fees paid by the Fund are within Item 1. Statement of Operations as Directors' fees and expenses.

Item 11. STATEMENT REGARDING BASIS FOR APPROVAL OF INVESMENT ADVISORY CONTRACT. (Unaudited)

Approval of Renewal of Investment Management Agreement with Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. and Approval of Interim Investment Advisory Agreement with Victory Capital Management Inc.

Effective April 1, 2025, Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. ("Amundi US"), the Fund's previous investment adviser, has been contributed to Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. ("Victory Capital Holdings"), the parent company of Victory Capital Management Inc. ("Victory Capital") (the "Transaction"). As a result of the Transaction, the Fund's investment advisory agreement with Amundi US (the "Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement") terminated automatically on April 1, 2025. In connection with the Transaction, the Fund's Board of Directors (the "Board" or the "Directors") approved a new investment advisory agreement with Victory Capital (the "New Investment Advisory Agreement") at a Board meeting held on December 16, 2024, subject to approval by the Fund's stockholders. As of May 1, 2025, the Fund's stockholders had not approved the New Investment Advisory Agreement. At the December 16, 2024 Board meeting, the Board also approved an interim investment advisory agreement with Victory Capital (the "Interim Investment Advisory Agreement") to take effect upon the closing of the Transaction in the event that additional time was needed to solicit stockholder approval of the New Investment Advisory Agreement. The Board's considerations in approving the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement are discussed below.

Board Evaluation of the New Investment Advisory Agreement and Interim Investment Advisory Agreement The Board evaluated the Transaction and the New Investment Advisory Agreement and Interim Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund.

At in-personmeetings held on May 14-15,2024, July 22-23,2024, September 16-17,2024, November 12-13,2024, and December 16, 2024, the Board met to consider the Transaction, including the plan to contribute Amundi US to Victory Capital Holdings in exchange for Amundi Asset Management S.A.S. ("Amundi") becoming a significant shareholder of Victory Capital Holdings, and to establish a long-term reciprocal distribution partnership between Amundi and Victory Capital. The Board was advised that the Transaction, if completed, would constitute a change of control under the 1940 Act that would result in the termination of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement.

At these meetings, which included meetings of the full Board and separate meetings of the Independent Directors, and at video conferences of the Independent Directors held on May 23, 2024, June 24, 2024, August 19, 2024, October 29, 2024 and December 9, 2024, the Board or the Independent Directors, as the case may be, considered, among other things, whether it would be in the best interests of the Fund and its stockholders to approve the New Investment Advisory Agreement. To assist the Board in its consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the anticipated impacts of the Transaction on the Fund and its stockholders, Victory Capital provided materials and information about Victory Capital, including its financial condition and asset management capabilities and organization, and Victory Capital and Amundi provided materials and information about the proposed Transaction between Victory Capital and Amundi.

To assist the Board in its consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement, Victory Capital provided extensive information to the Board regarding the Transaction and the investment advisory services to be provided by Victory Capital under the New Investment Advisory Agreement. Before and during the December 16, 2024 meeting, the Board sought additional information as it deemed necessary and appropriate. In connection with their consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement, the Independent Directors worked with their independent legal counsel to prepare requests for additional information that were submitted to Victory Capital and Amundi US. The Board's requests for information

sought information relevant to the Board's consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement and other anticipated impacts of the Transaction on the Fund and its stockholders. In addition, the Board formed a Transaction Sub-Committee,comprised solely of Independent Directors, to assist the Board in its consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Transaction. The Board and the Transaction Sub- Committee met with senior management representatives of Victory Capital and Amundi US on numerous occasions to discuss various aspects of the Transaction, to review information provided to assist the Board in its consideration of the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Transaction, and to make supplemental due diligence requests for additional information from Victory Capital and Amundi US with respect to the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Transaction. Victory Capital and Amundi US provided documents and information in response to the requests from the Board and the Transaction Sub-Committee,as well as made presentations to, and responded to questions from, the Board and the Transaction Sub-Committeeat various meetings.

Prior to voting on the New Investment Advisory Agreement, the Independent Directors reviewed the Transaction and the New Investment Advisory Agreement with representatives of Amundi US and Victory Capital, counsel to the Fund and counsel to the Independent Directors. The Independent Directors also reviewed the Transaction and the New Investment Advisory Agreement with their counsel in private sessions at which no representatives of Amundi US, Victory Capital or counsel to the Fund were present.

The Board's evaluation of the New Investment Advisory Agreement reflected the information provided specifically in connection with its review of the New Investment Advisory Agreement, as well as, where relevant, information that was previously furnished to the Board in connection with the renewal of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement at inperson meetings held on September 17, 2024 and at other Board meetings throughout the prior year.

Among other things, the Directors considered:

(i) that, in the Transaction, Amundi US would be contributed to Victory Capital in exchange for shares of Victory Capital Holdings issued to Amundi without Amundi becoming a controlling stockholder of Victory Capital Holdings, and that Victory Capital and Amundi would establish a longterm reciprocal distribution partnership;

(ii) representations by Victory Capital regarding the reputation, experience, financial strength and resources of Victory Capital and its investment franchises;

(iii) that Victory Capital has informed the Board that the Transaction was not expected to have a material adverse impact on the nature, scope and overall quality of services provided to the Fund and its stockholders, including investment management, risk management, administrative, compliance, legal and other services;

(iv) that Victory Capital informed the Board that the portfolio managers of the Fund were expected to continue to act as portfolio managers of the Fund following the consummation of the Transaction as members of Pioneer Investments, a planned Victory Capital investment franchise, managing the Fund using the same investment approach under which the Fund was previously managed, and the Board considered the historical investment performance record of the Fund under such investment approach;

(v) the non-investmentresources, infrastructure and personnel of Victory Capital that would be involved in Victory Capital's services to the Fund, including Victory Capital's legal and operational structure, risk management, administrative, legal, compliance and cybersecurity functions;

(vi) that the Fund's contractual advisory fee rate would remain the same and would not increase by virtue of the New Investment Advisory Agreement;

(vii) the terms and conditions of the New Investment Advisory Agreement, including that the New Investment Advisory Agreement was substantially identical to the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement; (viii) the terms of the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement (including fees) also are substantially the same as the terms of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement, that the Interim Investment Agreement allows Victory Capital to manage each Fund for up to 150 days following the closing of the Transaction, and that investment advisory fees payable under the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement will be held in escrow during the term of the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement;

(ix) that the Directors had recently approved the continuance of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement with Amundi US at an inperson meeting held on September 17, 2024 and, in connection with the Directors' review of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement, received and considered full comparative fee and expense data;

(x) Victory Capital's plans to propose to transition from certain of the Fund's current service providers, including fund administration, to the Victory Funds' service providers following the consummation of the Transaction

(xi) that Victory Capital had agreed with the Board that, for at least three years after the Transaction closes, Victory Capital would waive fees and/or reimburse expenses so that the Fund's total net annual operating expenses (excluding certain customary items) does not exceed the lower of (i) the total net annual operating expenses associated with investing in the Fund after application of expense limitation arrangements currently in effect for the Fund, if any, or (ii) the total net annual operating expenses of the Fund as of the end of the Fund's most recent fiscal year at the time of the Transaction close, and that the contractual expense limitation agreement permits Victory Capital to recoup advisory fees waived and expenses reimbursed for up to two years after the fiscal year in which the waiver or reimbursement took place, subject to the lesser of any operating expense limitation in effect at the time of: (1) the original waiver or expense reimbursement; or (2) recoupment, after giving effect to the recoupment amount;

(xii) that Victory Capital did not expect to propose any changes to the investment objective(s) of the Fund or any changes to the principal investment strategies of the Fund as a result of the Transaction;

(xiii) that Victory Capital had acquired and integrated several investment management companies;

(xiv) the potential benefits to the stockholders of the Fund, including continuity of portfolio management and operating efficiencies due to the greater scale of Victory Capital that may be achieved from the Transaction;

(xv) that Victory Capital and Amundi would each derive benefits from the Transaction and that, as a result, they had a financial interest in the matters that were being considered;

(xvi) that Victory Capital and Amundi had agreed to conduct, and use reasonable best efforts to cause their affiliates to conduct, their respective businesses in compliance with Section 15(f) of the 1940 Act so as not to impose an "unfair burden" on the Fund; and

(xvii) that the Fund would not bear the costs of obtaining stockholder approval of the New Investment Advisory Agreement, including proxy solicitation costs, legal fees and the costs of printing and mailing the proxy statement, regardless of whether the Transaction is consummated. Certain of these considerations are discussed in more detail below. The Directors also requested, obtained and considered the following information in connection with their evaluation of the Transaction and the New Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund: (i) memoranda provided by Fund counsel that summarized the legal standards and other considerations that are relevant to the Directors in their deliberations regarding the New Investment Advisory Agreement; and (ii) the Fund's advisory fees and total expense ratios, the financial statements of Victory Capital, a profitability analysis provided by Victory Capital, and an analysis from Victory Capital as to possible economies of scale. The Directors further considered, materials provided in connection with their review of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement, including, for the Fund, information regarding the qualifications of the investment management teams for the Fund, as well as the level of investment by the Fund's portfolio managers in the Fund. In addition, the Directors considered the information provided at regularly scheduled meetings throughout the year regarding the Fund's performance and risk attributes, including through meetings with investment management personnel, and took into account other information related to the Fund provided to the Directors at regularly scheduled meetings.

At the December 16, 2024, meeting, based on their evaluation of the information provided by Victory Capital and Amundi US, the Directors including the Independent Directors voting separately, approved the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund. In considering the New Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund, the Directors considered various factors that they determined were relevant, including the factors described below. The Directors did not identify any single factor as the controlling factor in their determinations. The Directors considered the same factors with respect to the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund.

Nature, Extent and Quality of Services

The Directors considered the nature, extent and quality of the services that had been provided by Amundi US to the Fund and that were expected to be provided by Victory Capital to the Fund following the consummation of the Transaction, taking into account the investment objective(s) and principal investment strategies of the Fund.

The Board considered information provided by Victory Capital regarding its business and operating structure, scale of operations, leadership and reputation. The Board also considered the capabilities, resources, and personnel of Victory Capital, in order to determine whether Victory Capital was capable of providing the same level of investment management services provided to the Fund by Amundi US. The Board received information regarding Victory Capital's plans to integrate Amundi US investment personnel into Victory Capital as members of Pioneer Investments, a Victory Capital investment franchise. The Board noted that it had considered the qualifications of the portfolio managers at Amundi US at its September 17, 2024 Meeting.

The Directors considered Victory Capital's representation that there would be no change to the investment approach under which the Fund would be managed under the New Investment Advisory Agreement.

The Board considered the non-investmentresources, infrastructure and personnel of Victory Capital that would be involved in Victory Capital's services to the Fund, including Victory Capital's compliance, risk management, cybersecurity and legal resources and personnel. The Board also reviewed information provided by Victory Capital related to its business, legal, and regulatory affairs, including information regarding the resources available to Victory Capital to provide the services specified under the New Investment Advisory Agreement. The Board also considered Victory Capital's financial condition, and noted that Victory Capital was expected to be able to provide a high level of service to the Fund and continuously invest and re-investin its investment management business. The Directors considered that Amundi US previously supervised and monitored the performance of the Fund's service providers and provided the Fund with personnel (including Fund officers) and other resources that are necessary for the Fund's business management and operations, and considered the personnel and resources that Victory Capital proposed to provide with respect to such services. The Directors also considered that, as administrator, Amundi US was responsible for the administration of the Fund's business and other affairs and that, post-Transaction, Victory Capital would be responsible for the administration of the Fund's business and other affairs. The Directors considered that the fees Victory Capital would charge for administration services are higher than the fees that Amundi US received as reimbursement for services rendered, and considered Victory Capital's explanation of the reasons for the differences in administration fees charged by Victory Capital and Amundi US as well as the expense limitation arrangements proposed to be implemented for the Fund for at least three years following the completion of the Transaction. The Directors considered that the terms and conditions of the New Investment Advisory Agreement were substantially similar to the terms and conditions of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement, except for different execution dates, effective dates and termination dates. The Directors considered that the terms of the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement (including fees) also are substantially the same as the terms of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement, that the Interim Investment Agreement allows Victory Capital to manage each Fund for up to 150 days following the closing of the Transaction, and that investment advisory fees payable under the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement will be held in escrow during the term of the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement.

The Directors received and considered information regarding the Victory Funds' key service providers, including custody, transfer agency and administration service providers, the fees charged by such service providers as compared to the fees charged by the Fund's current service providers, and Victory Capital's plans to propose the transition from certain of the Fund's current service providers to the Victory Funds' service providers following the consummation of the Transaction.

The Directors considered that Victory Capital had advised the Board that, notwithstanding the above, the Transaction was not expected to have a material adverse impact on the nature, scope and overall quality of services provided to the Fund and its stockholders, including investment advisory, risk management, administrative, compliance, legal and other services, as a result of the Transaction. In that regard, the Directors considered the statements by representatives of Victory Capital that they did not foresee major changes in the day-to-dayinvestment management operations of the Fund as a direct result of the Transaction, and also considered the risk management, legal and compliance services that Victory Capital would provide with respect to the Fund.

Based on these considerations, the Directors concluded that the nature, extent and quality of services that are proposed to be provided by Victory Capital to the Fund would be satisfactory and consistent with the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement.

Performance of the Trust

In considering the Fund's performance, the Directors regularly reviewed and discussed throughout the year data prepared by Amundi US and information comparing the Fund's performance with the performance of its peer group of funds, as classified by Morningstar, Inc. (Morningstar), and with the performance of the Fund's benchmark index. The Directors also regularly considered the Fund's returns at market value relative to its peers, as well as the discount at which the Fund's shares may trade on the New York Stock Exchange compared to its net asset value per share. They also discussed the Fund's performance with Amundi US on a regular basis. The Directors' regular reviews and discussions factored into the Directors' deliberations concerning the approval of the New Investment Advisory Agreement.

In addition, the Board considered that the Fund's portfolio managers were expected to continue to act as portfolio managers of the Fund following the consummation of the Transaction as members of Pioneer Investments, a Victory Capital investment franchise. The Board also considered that no changes were proposed to the Fund's investment objective(s) or principal investment strategies in connection with the Transaction and the New Investment Advisory Agreement.

Advisory Fee and Expenses

The Directors noted that the advisory fee rate payable by the Fund was identical under the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement and the New Investment Advisory Agreement. The Directors considered information received in connection with the Directors' consideration of the renewal of the Amundi US Investment Advisory Agreement at in-personmeetings held on September 17, 2024 showing the fees and expenses of the Fund in comparison to the advisory fees and expense ratios of a peer group of funds selected on the basis of criteria determined by the Independent Directors for this purpose using data provided by Strategic Insight Mutual Fund Research and Consulting, LLC (Strategic Insight), an independent third party. The peer group comparisons referred to below are organized in quintiles. Each quintile represents one-fifthof the peer group. In all peer group comparisons referred to below, first quintile is most favorable to the Fund's shareowners.

The Directors considered that the Fund's advisory fee (based on managed assets) for the Fund's fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 was in the first quintile relative to the advisory fees paid by other funds in its Strategic Insight peer group for the comparable period. The Directors considered that the expense ratio (based on managed assets) of the Fund's common stock for the most recent fiscal year (both including and excluding investment-related expenses) was in the first quintile relative to its Strategic Insight peer group for the comparable period.

The Directors also considered Victory Capital's contractual commitment under the expense limitation agreement to waive fees and/or reimburse expenses for at least three years after the closing of the Transaction, so that the Fund's total net annual operating expenses (excluding certain customary items) does not exceed the lower of (i) the total net annual operating expenses associated with investing in the Fund after application of expense limitation arrangements currently in effect for the Fund, if any,

or (ii) the total net annual operating expenses of the Fund as of the end of the Fund's most recent fiscal year, at the time the Transaction closes. The Directors considered that the expense limitation agreement permits Victory Capital to recoup advisory fees waived and expenses reimbursed for up to two years after the fiscal year in which the waiver or reimbursement took place, subject to the lesser of any operating expense limitation in effect at the time of: (1) the original waiver or expense reimbursement; or (2) recoupment, after giving effect to the recoupment amount.

The Directors also considered that Victory Capital does not manage closedend funds except for the Pioneer closed-endfunds.

The Directors concluded that the advisory fee payable by the Fund to Victory Capital under the New Investment Advisory Agreement was reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of the services to be provided by Victory Capital.

Profitability

The Directors considered information provided by Victory Capital regarding the estimated profitability of Victory Capital with respect to the advisory services proposed to be provided by Victory Capital to the Fund, including the methodology used by Victory Capital in allocating certain of its costs to the management of the Fund. The Directors also considered Victory Capital's profit margins in connection with the overall operation of the Fund. The Board considered the investments Victory Capital expected to make to support and grow the Pioneer funds brand and the costs to integrate the Amundi US/Pioneer Funds business into Victory Capital. The Board also considered information regarding Victory Capital's profit margins with respect to the funds it currently manages. The Board considered Victory Capital's representation that the fully integrated Amundi US/Pioneer Funds business, including investments to support ongoing growth, was expected to have a positive impact on Victory Capital's overall financial profitability. The Directors considered Victory Capital's profit margins in comparison to the limited industry data available and noted that the profitability of any adviser was affected by numerous factors, including its organizational structure and method for allocating expenses. The Directors concluded that Victory Capital's estimated profitability with respect to the management of the Fund was not unreasonable.

Economies of Scale

The Directors considered the extent to which Victory Capital may realize economies of scale or other efficiencies in managing and supporting the Fund. Since the Fund is a closed-endfund that has not raised additional capital, the Directors concluded that economies of scale were not a relevant consideration in the renewal of the investment advisory agreement.

Other Benefits

The Directors considered the other benefits that Victory Capital may enjoy from its relationship with the Fund. The Directors considered the character and amount of fees to be paid by the Fund, other than under the New Investment Advisory Agreement, for services to be provided by Victory Capital and its affiliates. The Directors further considered the revenues and profitability of Victory Capital's businesses other than the Fund business. To the extent applicable, the Directors also considered the potential benefits to the Fund and to Victory Capital and its affiliates from the use of "soft" commission dollars generated by the Fund to pay for research and brokerage services.

The Directors noted that the completion of the Transaction would result in a long-term reciprocal distribution partnership between Amundi and Victory Capital, and that Victory Capital may benefit from Amundi's ability to market the services of Victory Capital globally, including in an increase of the overall scale of Victory Capital. The Directors considered that the Transaction, if completed, would significantly increase Victory Capital's assets under management and expand Victory Capital's investment capabilities. The Directors considered that this increased size and diversification could facilitate Victory Capital's continued investment in its business and products, which Victory Capital would be able to leverage across a broader base of assets. The Directors considered that Victory Capital and the Fund are expected to receive reciprocal intangible benefits from the relationship, including mutual brand recognition. The Directors concluded that any such benefits received by Victory Capital as a result of its relationship with the Fund were reasonable.

Conclusion

After consideration of the factors described above as well as other factors, the Directors, including the Independent Directors, concluded that the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund, including the fees payable thereunder, were fair and reasonable and voted to approve the New Investment Advisory Agreement and the Interim Investment Advisory Agreement.

ITEM 12. DISCLOSURE OF PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR CLOSED-ENDMANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES. (Unaudited)

A closed-endmanagement investment company that is filing an annual report on this Form N-CSRmust, unless it invests exclusively in non-votingsecurities, describe the policies and procedures that it uses to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities, including the procedures that the company uses when a vote presents a conflict between the interests of its shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the company's investment adviser; principal underwriter; or any affiliated person (as defined in Section 2(a)(3) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-2(a)(3))and the rules thereunder) of the company, its investment adviser, or its principal underwriter, on the other. Include any policies and procedures of the company's investment adviser, or any other third party, that the company uses, or that are used on the company's behalf, to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities.

H-12PROXY VOTING

BACKGROUND AND RISKS

Voting rights associated with security ownership are closely related to the discretionary asset management services VCM provides to its clients. Therefore, VCM should be capable of accepting and exercising voting authority on behalf of clients with the same standard of care, skill, prudence, and diligence it is subject to when exercising its investment authority on behalf of clients. Further, in order to exercise voting authority on behalf of clients, VCM must comply with Rule 206(4)-6of the Advisers Act (the "proxy rule") and Rule 14Ad-1of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (the "proxy reporting rule"). The proxy rule requires VCM to adopt and implement written policies and procedures designed to ensure it votes securities in the best interest of clients including managing material conflicts of interest between VCM and its clients, to disclose to clients a summary of its proxy voting policies and procedures, how they may obtain a copy of these procedures, and information about how VCM voted their securities. The proxy reporting rule requires certain investment managers to report their proxy voting record annually on Form N-PXwith respect to certain votes on executive compensation.

Inability to accept and exercise voting authority on behalf of clients or failure to comply with the proxy rule or proxy reporting rule could result in violations of securities law, breach of fiduciary duty, client harm, or damage to VCM's reputation.

POLICY

VCM will establish policies and procedures and retain resources necessary to ensure it is capable of exercising voting authority on behalf of clients according to the same standard of care with which it exercises investment authority. Because VCM will exercise voting authority, it will comply with the proxy rule and the proxy reporting rule and must vote securities in the best interest of clients.

For purposes of this policy, voting in the best interest of clients means using complete and accurate information to vote with the objective of increasing the long-term economic value of client assets. Similar to investment decision making, voting decisions are qualitative in nature and VCM will consider a variety of factors to arrive at vote decisions. Further a voting decision in the same security may be different between clients for the same reasons VCM clients are invested in different securities. For example, client agreements, investment strategies, or specific investment franchise views on ballot proposals may cause the same security to be voted in a different manner across VCM's client base.

VCM will vote all securities over which it has authority, provided the client has voting rights and there is sufficient time and information available to make informed decisions. VCM will take reasonable steps to obtain appropriate and timely information.

In situations where voting may impact the ability to trade a security (e.g., shareblocking), VCM will not vote unless it determines that voting is in a client's best interest.

For a copy of the guidelines (as defined below) please visit VCM's website at https://investor.vcm.com/policies. To obtain information on specific proxies voted by VCM, clients may contact their VCM client manager or email an inquiry to client_service_team@vcm.com.

VCM will create, maintain, and retain appropriate records related to voting client securities.

LIST OF REQUIRED CONTROLS

Proxy Voting Committee (the "committee")

Client Investment Management Agreements ("IMAs")

Third-party proxy firm ("proxy firm")

M-19Vendor Due Diligence and Oversight ("vendor oversight policy")

Proxy voting guidelines

Annual committee guideline review

Form ADV, Part 2A

M-13Record Retention and Destruction, Appendix A ("recordkeeping requirements")

CONTROL IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURES

The committee will consist of members with experience related to the functional areas applicable to voting client securities including responsible investing, investment management, operations, and compliance. The committee is responsible for exercising VCM's fiduciary responsibilities related to voting client securities including voting in the best interests of clients and identifying and managing conflicts of interest. The committee will be active, keep a charter, and maintain records that demonstrate adequate execution of its responsibilities.

When a client enters into an advisory relationship with VCM, proxy voting roles and responsibilities between the client and VCM will be fully disclosed. Responsibilities delegated to VCM will be communicated to the committee and the committee will be responsible for implementing voting requirements in accordance with each IMA.

In order to support its fiduciary duty related to voting client securities and comply with the proxy rule and proxy reporting rule, VCM will retain, and the committee will oversee a third-party proxy advisory firm ("proxy firm") to provide both administrative and advisory services related to voting client securities. In relation to the proxy reporting rule, the proxy firm will provide draft filings in the appropriate format. The Business Owner of this policy is responsible for ensuring the accuracy of the filing. The Compliance Owner is responsible for ensuring the report is filed in a timely manner and complies with the proxy reporting rule. Selection and ongoing oversight of the proxy firm will be conducted in accordance with the vendor oversight policy. The Sponsor, as defined in the vendor oversight policy, must be a member of the committee. Currently, VCM retains Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. as its proxy firm.

The committee will adopt written proxy voting guidelines authored by the proxy firm ("guidelines"). These guidelines can be used as standing instructions on how the proxy firm must vote ballots provided that the committee must:

Have the ability to customize the guidelines.

Retain the ability to override the guidelines on individual ballot proposals at the client level.

Review the guidelines at least annually, implement customizations based on this review, and submit a written memo to the compliance committee documenting the results of the annual review that includes the name of the proxy firm, links to the specific guidelines adopted, and a description of customizations made.

Make the memo available to clients upon request.

The purpose of the guidelines is 1) to benefit from the specialized expertise related to voting securities provided by the proxy firm and to provide an independent source to resolve conflicts of interest identified between VCM and its clients. For the first purpose, the committee will take into account the guidelines but will have ultimate responsibility for voting decisions. The committee will, in its discretion, rely on additional sources such as portfolio manager input to ensure the voting decisions it makes are in the best interest of specific clients. If the guidelines are silent on any pending ballot proposal, the committee will exercise its voting responsibility with due care and document the rationale for the vote decision. For the second purpose, if the committee identifies a conflict of interest between VCM and clients, the committee must vote in accordance with the guidelines unless the rationale for deviating from guidelines has unanimous consent from the committee and is put in writing, including an analysis of how the conflict of interest is eliminated, mitigated, or disclosed.

The proxy firm will provide technology-based platform that provides operational controls over voting securities that include, at minimum, ballot reconciliation, casting complete ballots in a timely manner and in accordance with adopted written guidelines, ability to adjust or override a vote based on committee input, and reporting capabilities that support compliance with the proxy reporting rule and VCM's need to oversee the proxy firm and report internally and externally. The committee is responsible for ensuring these controls are operating as intended though must, at minimum, develop reporting designed to ensure all eligible client accounts are properly set up and configured on the proxy firm's platform and that the proxy firm is voting securities in accordance with the guidelines and this policy. Such reports should be reviewed by the committee at regular intervals and any exceptions should be referred to the LCR department.

The disclosures required under the proxy rule will be contained in VCM's Form ADV, Part 2A and will be delivered to clients at the time and frequency required by regulation.

The committee will be familiar with the recordkeeping requirements related to voting client securities and will maintain records and ensure the proxy firm maintains records for the required periods.

Compliance Policy Executive Summary

Policy Name:

H-12Proxy Voting Policy

Applicability:

Victory Capital Management Inc. ("VCM")

Category:

Investments - General

Compliance Owner:

Chief Compliance Officer, VCM

Business Owner:

Director of Responsible Business, VCM

Effective Date:

June 30, 2024

Executive Summary:

Policy and procedures governing the voting of client securities

ITEM 13. PORTFOLIO MANAGERS OF CLOSED-ENDMANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES.

(a) If the registrant is a closed-endmanagement investment company that is filing an annual report on this Form N-CSR,provide the following information:

(1) State the name, title, and length of service of the person or persons employed by or associated with the registrant or an investment adviser of the registrant who are primarily responsible for the day-to-daymanagement of the registrant's portfolio ("Portfolio Manager"). Also state each Portfolio Manager's business experience during the past 5 years.

Additional information about the portfolio managers

Other accounts managed by the portfolio managers

The table below indicates, for the portfolio managers of the fund, information about the accounts other than the fund over which the portfolio manager has day-to-dayinvestment responsibility. All information on the number of accounts and total assets in the table is as of April 30, 2025. For purposes of the table, "Other Pooled Investment Vehicles" may include investment partnerships, undertakings for collective investments in transferable securities ("UCITS") and other non-U.S.investment funds and group trusts, and "Other Accounts" may include separate accounts for institutions or individuals, insurance company general or separate accounts, pension funds and other similar institutional accounts but generally do not include the portfolio manager's personal investment accounts or those which the manager may be deemed to own beneficially under the code of ethics. Certain funds and other accounts managed by the portfolio manager may have substantially similar investment strategies.

Name of

Portfolio Manager

Type of Account

Number of
Accounts
Managed
Total Assets
Managed (000's)

Number of

Accounts

Managed for

which Advisory

Fee is

Performance-

Based

Assets

Managed

for which

Advisory

Fee is

Performance-

Based (000's)

Andrew Feltus

Other Registered Investment Companies

6 $ 4,221,190 N/A N/A

Other Pooled Investment Vehicles

24 $ 6,409,840 13 $3,737,139

Other Accounts

4 $ 1,072,046 1 $865,610

Jonathan Sharkey

Other Registered Investment Companies

4 $ 8,050,783 N/A N/A

Other Pooled Investment Vehicles

1 $ 254,797 N/A N/A

Other Accounts

1 $ 410,324 N/A N/A

Chin Liu

Other Registered Investment Companies

2 $ 1,565,330 N/A N/A

Other Pooled Investment Vehicles

1 $ 17,847 N/A N/A

Other Accounts

0 $ 0 N/A N/A

Potential conflicts of interest

When a portfolio manager is responsible for the management of more than one account, the potential arises for the portfolio manager to favor one account over another. The principal types of potential conflicts of interest that may arise are discussed below. For the reasons outlined below, Amundi US does not believe that any material conflicts are likely to arise out of a portfolio manager's responsibility for the management of the fund as well as one or more other accounts. Although Amundi US has adopted procedures that it believes are reasonably designed to detect and prevent violations of the federal securities laws and to mitigate the potential for conflicts of interest to affect its portfolio management decisions, there can be no assurance that all conflicts will be identified or that all procedures will be effective in mitigating the potential for such risks. Generally, the risks of such conflicts of interest are increased to the extent that a portfolio manager has a financial incentive to favor one account over another. Amundi US has structured its compensation arrangements in a manner that is intended to limit such potential for conflicts of interest. See "Compensation of Portfolio Managers" below.

A portfolio manager could favor one account over another in allocating new investment opportunities that have limited supply, such as initial public offerings and private placements. If, for example, an initial public offering that was expected to appreciate in value significantly shortly after the offering was allocated to a single account, that account may be expected to have better investment performance than other accounts that did not receive an allocation of the initial public offering. Generally, investments for which there is limited availability are allocated based upon a range of factors including available cash and consistency with the accounts' investment objectives and policies. This allocation methodology necessarily involves some subjective elements but is intended over time to treat each client in an equitable and fair manner. Generally, the investment opportunity is allocated among participating accounts on a pro rata basis. Although Amundi US believes that its practices are reasonably designed to treat each client in an equitable and fair manner, there may be instances where a fund may not participate, or may participate to a lesser degree than other clients, in the allocation of an investment opportunity.

A portfolio manager could favor one account over another in the order in which trades for the accounts are placed. If a portfolio manager determines to purchase a security for more than one account in an aggregate amount that may influence the market price of the security, accounts that purchased or sold the security first may receive a more favorable price than accounts that made subsequent transactions. The less liquid the market for the security or the greater the percentage that the proposed aggregate purchases or sales represent of average daily trading volume, the greater the potential for accounts that make subsequent purchases or sales to receive a less favorable price. When a portfolio manager intends to trade the same security on the same day for more than one account, the trades typically are "bunched," which means that the trades for the individual accounts are aggregated and each account receives the same price. There are some types of accounts as to which bunching may not be possible for contractual reasons (such as directed brokerage arrangements). Circumstances may also arise where the trader believes that bunching the orders may not result in the best possible price. Where those accounts or circumstances are involved, Amundi US will place the order in a manner intended to result in as favorable a price as possible for such client.

A portfolio manager could favor an account if the portfolio manager's compensation is tied to the performance of that account to a greater degree than other accounts managed by the portfolio manager. If, for example, the portfolio manager receives a bonus based upon the performance of certain accounts relative to a benchmark while other accounts are disregarded for this purpose, the portfolio manager will have a financial incentive to seek to have the accounts that determine the portfolio manager's bonus achieve the best possible performance to the possible detriment of other accounts. Similarly, if Amundi US receives a performance-based advisory fee, the portfolio manager may favor that account, whether or not the performance of that account directly determines the portfolio manager's compensation.

A portfolio manager could favor an account if the portfolio manager has a beneficial interest in the account, in order to benefit a large client or to compensate a client that had poor returns. For example, if the portfolio manager held an interest in an investment partnership that was one of the accounts managed by the portfolio manager, the portfolio manager would have an economic incentive to favor the account in which the portfolio manager held an interest.

If the different accounts have materially and potentially conflicting investment objectives or strategies, a conflict of interest could arise. For example, if a portfolio manager purchases a security for one account and sells the same security for another account, such trading pattern may disadvantage either the account that is long or short. In making portfolio manager assignments, Amundi US seeks to avoid such potentially conflicting situations. However, where a portfolio manager is responsible for accounts with differing investment objectives and policies, it is possible that the portfolio manager will conclude that it is in the best interest of one account to sell a portfolio security while another account continues to hold or increase the holding in such security.

Compensation of portfolio managers

Amundi US has adopted a system of compensation for portfolio managers that seeks to align the financial interests of the portfolio managers with those of shareholders of the accounts (including Pioneer funds) the portfolio managers manage, as well as with the financial performance of Amundi US. The compensation

program for all Amundi US portfolio managers includes a base salary (determined by the rank and tenure of the employee) and an annual bonus program, as well as customary benefits that are offered generally to all full-time employees. Base compensation is fixed and normally reevaluated on an annual basis. Amundi US seeks to set base compensation at market rates, taking into account the experience and responsibilities of the portfolio manager. The bonus plan is intended to provide a competitive level of annual bonus compensation that is tied to the portfolio manager achieving superior investment performance and align the interests of the investment professional with those of shareholders, as well as with the financial performance of Amundi US. Any bonus under the plan is completely discretionary, with a maximum annual bonus that may be in excess of base salary. The annual bonus is based upon a combination of the following factors:

Quantitative investment performance.The quantitative investment performance calculation is based on pre-taxinvestment performance of all of the accounts managed by the portfolio manager (which includes the fund and any other accounts managed by the portfolio manager) over a one-yearperiod (20% weighting) and four-year period (80% weighting), measured for periods ending on December 31. The accounts, which include the fund, are ranked against a group of mutual funds with similar investment objectives and investment focus (60%) and a securities market index measuring the performance of the same type of securities in which the accounts invest (40%), which, in the case of the fund, is the ICE BofA Global High Yield & Crossover Country Corporate & Government Index and S&P/LSTA Leveraged Loan Index. As a result of these two benchmarks, the performance of the portfolio manager for compensation purposes is measured against the criteria that are relevant to the portfolio manager's competitive universe.

Qualitative performance.The qualitative performance component with respect to all of the accounts managed by the portfolio manager includes objectives, such as effectiveness in the areas of teamwork, leadership, communications and marketing, that are mutually established and evaluated by each portfolio manager and management.

Amundi US results and business line results.Amundi US's financial performance, as well as the investment performance of its investment management group, affect a portfolio manager's actual bonus by a leverage factor of plus or minus (+/-) a predetermined percentage.

The quantitative and qualitative performance components comprise 80% and 20%, respectively, of the overall bonus calculation (on a pre-adjustmentbasis). A portion of the annual bonus is deferred for a specified period and may be invested in one or more Pioneer funds.

Certain portfolio managers participate in other programs designed to reward and retain key contributors. Portfolio managers also may participate in a deferred compensation program, whereby deferred amounts are invested in one or more Pioneer funds or collective investment trusts or other unregistered funds with similar investment objectives, strategies and policies.

Share ownership by portfolio managers

The following table indicates as of April 30, 2025 the value, within the indicated range, of shares beneficially owned by the portfolio managers of the fund.

Name of Portfolio Manager

Beneficial Ownership of the Fund*

Andrew Feltus E
Jonathan Sharkey B
Chin Liu A
*

Key to Dollar Ranges

A. None
B. $1 - $10,000
C. $10,001 - $50,000
D. $50,001 - $100,000
E. $100,001 - $500,000
F. $500,001 - $1,000,000
G. Over $1,000,000

ITEM 14. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY CLOSED-ENDMANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANY AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS.

(a) If the registrant is a closed-endmanagement investment company, in the following tabular format, provide the information specified in paragraph (b) of this Item with respect to any purchase made by or on behalf of the registrant or any affiliated purchaser, as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3)under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.10b-18(a)(3)),of shares or other units of any class of the registrant's equity securities that is registered by the registrant pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C. 781).

During the period covered by this report, there were no purchases made by or on behalf of the registrant or any affiliated purchaser as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3)under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act), of shares of the registrants equity securities that are registered by the registrant pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act.

ITEM 15. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.

Describe any material changes to the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to the registrant's Board of Directors, where those changes were implemented after the registrant last provided disclosure in response to the requirements of Item 407(c)(2)(iv) of Regulation S-R(17CFR 229.407)(as required by Item 22(b)(15)) of Schedule 14A (17 CFR 240.14a-101),or this Item.

There have been no material changes to the procedures by which the shareholders may recommend nominees to the registrant's Board of Directors since the registrant last provided disclosure in response to the requirements of Item 407(c)(2)(iv) of Regulation S-Rof Schedule 14(A) in its definitive proxy statement, or this item.

ITEM 16. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

(a) Disclose the conclusions of the registrant's principal executive and principal financials officers, or persons performing similar functions, regarding the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c)under the Act (17 CFR 270.30a-3(c)))as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of the report that includes the disclosure required by this paragraph, based on the evaluation of these controls and procedures required by Rule 30a-3(b)under the Act (17 CFR 270.30(a)-3(b)and Rules 13a-15(b)or 15d-15(b)under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13a-15(b)or 240.15d-15(b)).

The registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures are effective based on the evaluation of these controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of this report.

(b) Disclose any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d)under the Act (17CFR 270.30a-3(d))that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

There were no significant changes in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Item 17. DISCLOSURE OF SECURITIES LENDING ACTIVITIES FOR CLOSED-ENDMANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES.

(a) If the registrant is a closed-endmanagement investment company, provide the following dollar amounts of income and compensation related to the securities lending activities of the registrant during its most recent fiscal year:

N/A

(1) Gross income from securities lending activities;

N/A

(2) All fees and/or compensation for each of the following securities lending activities and related services: any share of revenue generated by the securities lending program paid to the securities lending agent(s) (revenue split); fees paid for cash collateral management services (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split; administrative fees that are not included in the revenue split; fees for indemnification that are not included in the revenue split; rebates paid to borrowers; and any other fees relating to the securities lending program that are not included in the revenue split, including a description of those other fees;

N/A

(3) The aggregate fees/compensation disclosed pursuant to paragraph (2); and

N/A

(4) Net income from securities lending activities (i.e., the dollar amount in paragraph (1) minus the dollar amount in paragraph (3)).

If a fee for a service is included in the revenue split, state that the fee is included in the revenue split.

N/A

(b) If the registrant is a closed-endmanagement investment company, describe the services provided to the registrant by the securities lending agent in the registrants most recent fiscal year.

N/A

Item 18. RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED COMPENSATION.

N/A

ITEM 19. EXHIBITS.

(a) File the exhibits listed below as part of this Form. Letter or number the exhibits in the sequence indicated.

(1) Any code of ethics, or amendment thereto, that is the subject of the disclosure required by Item 2, to the extent that the registrant intends to satisfy the Item 2 requirements through filing of an exhibit.

(2) A separate certification for each principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the registrant as required by Rule 30a-2(a)under the Act (17 CFR 270.30a-2(a)), exactly as set forth below:

Filed herewith.

(b) Certifications pursuant to Rule 30a-2(b)under the 1940 Act and Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are attached hereto.

(3) Not applicable.

SIGNATURES

[See General Instruction F]

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

(Registrant) Pioneer Diversified High Income Fund, Inc.

By (Signature and Title)* /s/ Thomas Dusenberry

Thomas Dusenberry, President and Principal Executive Officer

Date July 9, 2025

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

By (Signature and Title)* /s/ Thomas Dusenberry

Thomas Dusenberry, President and Principal Executive Officer

Date July 9, 2025

By (Signature and Title)* /s/ Carol D. Trevino

Carol D. Trevino, Treasurer Principal Financial Officer

Date July 9, 2025

*

Print the name and title of each signing officer under his or her signature.

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